RESUMO
Poucos estudos abordam as características sociodemográficas e o risco de feridas no nordeste brasileiro. O objetivo do estudo foi determinar a prevalência de risco de feridas e os fatores relacionados em pessoas com diabetes no município de Parnaíba, estado do Piauí, Brasil. Estudo transversal realizado com 300 pessoas com diabetes. Os voluntários foram avaliados por meio de questionário sociodemográfico, monofilamento de 10 g, diapasão de 128 Hz, martelo de reflexo e escala de classificação de risco de feridas. Sexo masculino (OR 2,33; IC 95% 1,22-4,42), idade (OR 1,03; IC 95% 1,01-1,05), inatividade física (OR 2,35; IC 95% 1,26-4,38) e duração maior de diabetes (OR 3,28; IC 95% 1,56-6,91) foram associados ao risco de feridas. Este estudo demonstrou um alto risco de feridas relacionado a idade, sexo feminino, duração da diabetes e inatividade física e alta prevalência de complicações como a neuropatia periférica diabética e amputações.
Few studies have addressed the sociodemographic characteristics and risk of wound development in northeastern Brazil. The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of wound risk and the related factors in people with diabetes in the municipality of Parnaíba, Piauí State, Brazil. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 300 people with diabetes. The volunteers were assessed using a sociodemographic questionnaire, a 10 g monofilament, a 128 Hz tuning fork, a reflex hammer, and a wound risk rating scale. Male sex (OR 2.33, 95% CI 1.22-4.42), age (OR 1.03, 95% CI 1.01-1.05), physical inactivity (OR 2.35, 95% CI 1.26-4.38), and a longer duration of diabetes (OR 3.28, 95% CI 1.56-6.91) were associated with wound risk. This study demonstrated a high wound risk related to age, male sex, duration of diabetes, and physical inactivity and a high prevalence of complications such as diabetic peripheral neuropathy and amputations.
RESUMO
Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are considered one of the most aggressive and expensive complications of diabetes. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has been highlighted as a potential modality of treatment to accelerate the healing of ulcers. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the efficacy of LLLT in the treatment of DFU and identify the LLLT application parameters recommended for the treatment of DFU over the past 10 years. A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, BVS, PEDro, Scopus, Web of Science, and CINAHL up to March 31, 2019. Following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) guidelines, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that assessed the effect of LLLT on the treatment of DFU were included. Thirteen RCTs with a total of 361 participants were included in this review. Three RCTs reported a reduction in the percentage size of the ulcers and were included in the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis of the percentage size difference demonstrated a significant reduction in ulcer size in the LLLT group compared with controls (22.96 [95% confidence interval = 18.22-27.69; z = 9.51, P < .0001]). Treatment with 632.8 to 685 nm, 50 mW/cm2, 3 to 6 J/cm2, and irradiation for 30 to 80 seconds, 3 times weekly for a month is of benefit to patients with DFU. LLLT is effective and safe for the treatment of DFU. Additionally, well-designed, high-quality studies are needed to allow its ideal parameterization for clinical practice.
