Avaliação das manifestações orais em crianças e adolescentes internos em um hospital submetidos à terapia antineoplásica / Oral manifestations in hospitalized children and adolescents subjected to antineoplastic therapy

Objetivo: Identificar a prevalência das alterações bucais decorrentes do tratamento antineoplásico e sua correlação com o hemograma em crianças e adolescentes internos pelo Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) em um hospital em Maceió-AL. Método: Estudo transversal realizado na enfermaria da Oncologia Pediátrica de um hospital em Maceió-AL, com uma amostra de 40 pacientes oncológicos em terapia antineoplásica, com idade entre 1 e 17 anos, de ambos os gêneros, atendidos no período de fevereiro à setembro de 2011. Foi preenchido um prontuário com dados referentes à história médica, a doença atual, odontológica e nutricional, hábitos de higiene oral, hemogramas realizados, incluindo hematócritos, hemoglobina, plaquetas e leucócitos, bem como exame extra e intra-oral uma ou mais vezes. Foi realizada análise estatística descritiva e utilizado o teste não paramétrico de Mann-Whitney com nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: Houve maior prevalência no gênero masculino (57,5%) e dos tumores sólidos (45%). Em 80% houve alguma alteração oral, com predominância de petéquias (40%), seguida de mucosite (35,5%), boca seca (17,5%), úlcera (15%), sangramento gengival (15%), candidíase (10%), gengivite ulcerativa necrosante (10%) e palidez da mucosa (5%). Houve 15% dos internamentos por alterações orais. Houve relação positiva entre plaquetas e leucócitos e a presença de petéquias (p<0,05). Para sangramento gengival houve relação positiva entre todas as variáveis do hemograma (p<0,05). Para pacientes com mucosite grau III e IV houve relação positiva entre leucócitos e plaquetas. Houve diferença significativa entre as distribuições de idade dos pacientes com gengivite ulcerativa necrosante (GUN) e sem GUN (p<0,05). Conclusão: Houve alta ocorrência de alterações orais, significância para as variáveis do exame hematológico analisadas e a ocorrência de complicações orais e ocorrência de GUN nos adolescentes da pesquisa...

Objective: To identify the prevalence of oral manifestations subsequentto antineoplastic therapy and its correlation with complete blood countin children and adolescents admitted in a public hospital in the city ofMaceió, AL, Brazil.Method: This cross-sectional study was undertaken in the PediatricOncology outpatient service of a hospital located in Maceió, AL, Brazil.Forty male and female 1-17-year-old oncologic patients subjected toantineoplastic therapy between February and September 2011 wereenrolled. A clinical chart was filled out containing data on the medicalhistory, the current disease, dental and nutritional history, oral hygienehabits, results of complete blood counts, including hematocrit,hemoglobin, platelet and leukocyte counts, as well as extra- andintraoral examination performed once or more times. Descriptivestatistical analysis was performed using the non-parametric Mann-Whitney test with a significance level of 5%.Results: There was prevalence of males (57.5%) and solid tumors (45%).Eighty percent of the patients presented some type of oral alterationwith predominance of petechiae (40%), followed by mucositis (35.5%),dry mouth (17.5%), ulcers (15%), gingival bleeding (15%), candidiasis(10%), necrotizing ulcer gingivitis (NUG) (10%) and pale mucosa (5%).In 15% of the cases, oral alterations resulted in hospitalizations. Therewas positive correlation between platelet and leukocyte counts and thepresence of petechiae (p<0.05). Gingival bleeding had positivecorrelation with all complete blood count variables. Patients with gradeIII and IV mucositis presented positive correlation between leukocytesand platelets. There was a statistically significant difference betweenthe age distribution of patients with or without NUG (p<0.05).Conclusion: There was high incidence of oral alterations, significancebetween the hematological exam variables and occurrence oralcomplications and NUG in the adolescents in this study...

Characterization of oral cancer diagnostic delay in the state of Alagoas.

UNLABELLED: Oral cancer in Brazil still presents high levels of incidence and mortality bearing different traits throughout the national territory. In most of the cases the diagnosis is late; however there is a great possibility for cure when treated early on. AIM: to assess factors associated with the late diagnosis of oral cancer in the state of Alagoas. MATERIAL AND METHODS: a prospective cross-sectional study was carried out in 74 patients, all of them diagnosed with oral squamous cell carcinoma in a hospital of Alagoas, between July of 2007 and September of 2008. A semi-structured interview was given, obtaining socio-demographic data, the type of professional help sought, symptom onset, referrals and tumor clinical stage at the moment of diagnosis. RESULTS: According to the results obtained in this study, the patients usually sought professional medical help, rather than dental help when a lesion in the mouth appeared, being always referred to a specialist by the dentist, in advanced stages of the disease. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests the need for continued education programs for the population and professionals aiming at the early identification of symptoms of the illness; however needing further studies.

Caracterização do diagnóstico tardio do câncer de boca no estado de Alagoas / Characterization of oral cancer diagnostic delay in the state of Alagoas

O câncer de boca, no Brasil, ainda apresenta altos níveis de incidência e mortalidade, com diferentes características da doença no território nacional. A maioria dos casos é diagnosticada tardiamente, porém há uma grande chance de cura quando tratado no início. OBJETIVO: Avaliar os fatores relacionados ao diagnóstico tardio do câncer de boca no estado de Alagoas. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: Foi realizado um estudo prospectivo transversal em 74 pacientes portadores de carcinoma espinocelular da cavidade bucal diagnosticados em um hospital em Alagoas, no período de julho de 2007 a setembro de 2008. Foi realizada uma entrevista semiestruturada, obtendo-se dados sociodemográficos, profissional procurado, início dos sintomas, encaminhamento e estágio clínico do tumor no momento do diagnóstico. RESULTADOS: De acordo com os resultados obtidos neste estudo, os pacientes procuraram mais o médico que o dentista quando apresentaram uma lesão na boca, sendo encaminhados pelo dentista sempre em um estágio avançado da doença. CONCLUSÕES: Esse estudo sugere a necessidade de programas de educação continuada da população e profissionais para a identificação de sintomas precoces da doença, porém necessita de outras investigações.

Oral cancer in Brazil still presents high levels of incidence and mortality bearing different traits throughout the national territory. In most of the cases the diagnosis is late; however there is a great possibility for cure when treated early on. AIM: to assess factors associated with the late diagnosis of oral cancer in the state of Alagoas. MATERIAL AND METHODS: a prospective cross-sectional study was carried out in 74 patients, all of them diagnosed with oral squamous cell carcinoma in a hospital of Alagoas, between July of 2007 and September of 2008. A semi-structured interview was given, obtaining socio-demographic data, the type of professional help sought, symptom onset, referrals and tumor clinical stage at the moment of diagnosis. RESULTS: According to the results obtained in this study, the patients usually sought professional medical help, rather than dental help when a lesion in the mouth appeared, being always referred to a specialist by the dentist, in advanced stages of the disease. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests the need for continued education programs for the population and professionals aiming at the early identification of symptoms of the illness; however needing further studies.

Oral cancer: population sample of the state of Alagoas at a reference hospital.

UNLABELLED: The incidence and mortality of oral cancer in Brazil remains high; the disease manifests varying features throughout the country. AIM: To analyze the epidemiology of oral cancer, including the prevalence, type and site of lesions, the distribution in the state of Alagoas, staging, treatment, and social and demographic aspects. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A descriptive retrospective study was carried out. Data were gathered from records of a hospital in Alagoas from January 2000 to December 2006. RESULTS: Of 396 cases (100% of the sample), 62.70% were male and 37.30% female. Most tumors were on the tongue. The mean age was 61.95 years (SD=14.56 years), and 95.2% of the sample were aged over 40 years. Most of lesions were stage II (57.04%). Radiotherapy was the most common treatment. CONCLUSION: This study revealed the epidemiology of oral cancer patients at a reference hospital in the state of Alagoas. The results showed that oral cancer occurs mostly in males in the sixth decade of life; the most common site is the tongue, followed by the floor of the mouth.

Oral cancer: population sample of the state of Alagoas at a reference hospital / Câncer bucal: amostra populacional do estado de Alagoas em hospital de referência

The incidence and mortality of oral cancer in Brazil remains high; the disease manifests varying features throughout the country. AIM: To analyze the epidemiology of oral cancer, including the prevalence, type and site of lesions, the distribution in the state of Alagoas, staging, treatment, and social and demographic aspects. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A descriptive retrospective study was carried out. Data were gathered from records of a hospital in Alagoas from January 2000 to December 2006. RESULTS: Of 396 cases (100 percent of the sample), 62.70 percent were male and 37.30 percent female. Most tumors were on the tongue. The mean age was 61.95 years (SD=14.56 years), and 95.2 percent of the sample were aged over 40 years. Most of lesions were stage II (57.04 percent). Radiotherapy was the most common treatment. CONCLUSION: This study revealed the epidemiology of oral cancer patients at a reference hospital in the state of Alagoas. The results showed that oral cancer occurs mostly in males in the sixth decade of life; the most common site is the tongue, followed by the floor of the mouth.

O câncer bucal, no Brasil, ainda apresenta altos níveis de incidência e mortalidade, com diferentes características da doença no território nacional. OBJETIVO: Analisar o perfil epidemiológico do câncer bucal observando-se a prevalência, tipo e localização da lesão, distribuição no estado de Alagoas, estadiamento, tratamento ofertado pelos serviços e aspectos sócio-demográficos. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: Foi realizado um estudo descritivo, retrospectivo. Os dados foram obtidos dos registros de um hospital em Alagoas, de Janeiro de 2000 a Dezembro de 2006. RESULTADOS: Observou-se que do total de 396 casos registrados, 62,70 por cento eram do sexo masculino e 37,30 por cento do feminino, com maior concentração na região da língua. Do total, 95,2 por cento da amostra situavam-se acima dos 40 anos de idade, cuja média foi de 61,95 anos (DP= 14,56). A maior parte das lesões estava no estádio II (57,04 por cento), e o principal tratamento realizado foi a radioterapia (47,88 por cento). CONCLUSÕES: Esse levantamento contribuiu para traçar um perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes com câncer bucal atendidos no hospital de referência em Alagoas. Os resultados mostram que o mesmo ocorre com maior freqüência em indivíduos do gênero masculino, acima da sexta década de vida, com localização anatômica preferencial em língua, seguida pelo assoalho da boca.