Biologia e exigências térmicas de Aedes aegypti (L) (Diptera: Culicidae) provenientes de quatro regiões bioclimáticas da Paraíba / Biology and thermal exigency of Aedes aegypti (L) (Diptera: Culicidae) from four bioclimatic localities of Paraíba

O trabalho teve por objetivo determinar as exigências térmicas para o desenvolvimento e estimar o número de gerações anuais de Aedes aegypti (L.) em campo. O ciclo biológico das populações de A. aegypti foi estudado nas temperaturas constantes de 18, 22, 26, 30 e 34°C, e fotofase de 12h. Foram avaliados, diariamente, o período de desenvolvimento e a viabilidade da fase de ovo, sobrevivência de larva e pupa, longevidade e a fecundidade dos adultos, determinando-se, ainda, os limites térmicos inferiores de desenvolvimento (Tb) e as constantes térmicas (K). Em função dessas variáveis foram estimados os números de gerações anuais do inseto em laboratório e campo. A temperatura favorável ao desenvolvimento de A. aegypti encontra-se entre 21°C e 29°C, e para a longevidade e fecundidade os adultos entre 22°C e 30°C. As Tb s, Ks de ovo a adulto, e o número de gerações anuais em campo foram de 9,5, 8,5, 3,4, 7,1, 13,5°C; 244,5, 273,9, 298,5, 280,9 e 161,8 graus-dias; e 21,9, 23,8, 24,2, 21,1 e 22,1 gerações para as populações de A. aegypti das regiões de Boqueirão, Brejo dos Santos, Campina Grande, Itaporanga e Remígio, respectivamente.

The present work aimed at estimating the thermal requirements for the development and the number of generations per year of Aedes aegypti (L.) under natural conditions. The life cycle of A. aegypti populations was studied at constant temperatures of 18, 22, 26, 30 and 34°C, and 12h photophase. The development period, egg viability and larval and pupal survival were evaluated daily as well as adult longevity and fecundity. The low threshold temperature of development (Tb) and the thermal constant (K) were determined. The number of generations per year in laboratory and field were also estimated. The favorable temperature to A. aegypti development is between 21°C and 29°C, and to longevity and fecundity is between 22°C and 30°C. The egg to adult basal temperature, thermal constant and the number of generations in field were, in order, 9.5, 8.5, 3.4, 7.1, 13.5°C; 244.5, 273.9, 298.5, 280.9 and 161.8 degree-days; and 21.9, 23.8, 24.2, 21.1 and 22.1 generations in populations from Boqueirão, Brejo dos Santos, Campina Grande, Itaporanga and Remígio.

[Biology and thermal exigency of Aedes aegypti (L.) (Diptera: Culicidae) from four bioclimatic localities of Paraíba]. / Biologia e exigências térmicas de Aedes aegypti (L.) (Diptera: Culicidae) provenientes de quatro regiões bioclimáticas da Paraíba.

The present work aimed at estimating the thermal requirements for the development and the number of generations per year of Aedes aegypti (L.) under natural conditions. The life cycle of A. aegypti populations was studied at constant temperatures of 18, 22, 26, 30 and 34 degrees C, and 12 h photophase. The development period, egg viability and larval and pupal survival were evaluated daily as well as adult longevity and fecundity. The low threshold temperature of development (Tb) and the thermal constant (K) were determined. The number of generations per year in laboratory and field were also estimated. The favorable temperature to A. aegypti development is between 21 degrees C and 29 degrees C, and to longevity and fecundity is between 22 degrees C and 30 degrees C. The egg to adult basal temperature, thermal constant and the number of generations in field were, in order, 9.5, 8.5, 3.4, 7.1, 13.5 degrees C; 244.5, 273.9, 298.5, 280.9 and 161.8 degree-days; and 21.9, 23.8, 24.2, 21.1 and 22.1 generations in populations from Boqueirão, Brejo dos Santos, Campina Grande, Itaporanga and Remígio.