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1.
Rev. latinoam. enferm. (Online) ; 31: e3738, Jan.-Dec. 2023. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS, BDENF - Enfermagem | ID: biblio-1424047

RESUMO

Abstract Objective: to explore and describe how perioperative nurses assess and interpret the child's behavior before entering the operating room, identifying the strategies they use to reduce anxiety and the proposals for improvements. Method: descriptive qualitative study using semi-structured interviews and participant observation of daily routines. Thematic analysis of data. This study follows the recommended criteria for publication of articles of the qualitative methodology Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research. Results: four topics emerged from the data: a) assessment of anxiety or close communication with the child and their family; b) evaluating what was observed; c) managing anxiety and d) improving the assessment or proposals for improvements in daily practice. Conclusion: nurses assess anxiety in their daily practice through observation using their clinical judgment. The nurse's experience is decisive for the appropriate assessment of the preoperative anxiety in child. Insufficient time between waiting and entering the operating room, lack of information from child and their parents about the surgical procedure, and parental anxiety make it difficult to assess and properly manage anxiety.


Resumo Objetivo: explorar e descrever como as enfermeiras perioperatórias avaliam e interpretam o comportamento da criança antes de entrar na sala de cirurgia, identificando as estratégias que utilizam para minimizar a ansiedade e as propostas de melhoria. Método: estudo qualitativo descritivo utilizando entrevistas semiestruturadas e observação participante das rotinas diárias. Análise temática dos dados. O estudo segue os critérios recomendados para publicação de artigos da metodologia qualitativa Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research. Resultados: quatro temas emergiram dos dados: a) avaliação da ansiedade ou comunicação próxima com a criança e sua família; b) analisando o que foi observado; c) controlando a ansiedade e d) melhorando a avaliação ou propostas de melhoria na prática diária. Conclusão: as enfermeiras avaliam a ansiedade em sua prática diária por meio da observação e usando julgamento clínico. A experiência da enfermeira é decisiva na avaliação adequada da ansiedade pré-operatória da criança. A falta de tempo entre a espera e o momento de entrar na sala de cirurgia, a escassez de informação que a criança e os pais têm sobre o processo cirúrgico e a ansiedade dos pais, dificultam a avaliação e o controle adequado da ansiedade.


Resumen Objetivo: explorar y describir cómo las enfermeras perioperatorias evalúan e interpretan el comportamiento del niño antes de entrar a quirófano, identificando las estrategias que utilizan para minimizar la ansiedad y las propuestas de mejora. Método: estudio cualitativo descriptivo mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas y observación participante de las rutinas diarias. Análisis temático de los datos. El estudio sigue las recomendaciones de criterios para la publicación de artículos de metodología cualitativa Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research. Resultados: cuatro temas surgieron de los datos: a) evaluación de la ansiedad o comunicación estrecha con el niño y su familia; b) valorando lo observado; c) manejando la ansiedad y d) mejorando la evaluación o propuestas de mejora para la práctica diaria. Conclusión: enfermeras evalúan la ansiedad en su práctica diaria de forma observacional utilizando el juicio clínico. La experiencia de la enfermera es determinante en la adecuada evaluación de la ansiedad prequirúrgica del niño. La falta de tiempo entre la espera y el momento de entrar a quirófano, la mala información que tiene el niño y los padres sobre el proceso quirúrgico y la ansiedad de los padres dificultan la evaluación y el manejo correcto de la ansiedad.


Assuntos
Humanos , Simulação de Paciente , Tomada de Decisões , Efeitos Colaterais e Reações Adversas Relacionados a Medicamentos , Educação em Enfermagem , Segurança do Paciente , Enfermeiras e Enfermeiros
2.
BMC Geriatr ; 23(1): 865, 2023 12 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38102536

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Many patients with COVID-19 present the so-called post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 such as fatigue, post-stress discomfort, dyspnea, headache, pain mental impairment, incapacity to perform daily physical tasks ant exercise intolerance. This study aims to investigate the effects of different exercise programs on physical and mental fitness, physical condition and biomarkers of the immune system and oxidative stress in older patients with post-COVID-19 sequelae. METHODS: The sample will be made up of 120 eligible participants, over the age of 60 years who have had COVID-19 disease and are survivors and present persistent COVID-19 symptomatology diagnosed by the corresponding physician. The participants will be randomly assigned to the experimental groups: supervised endurance group (SEG, n = 30), supervised strength group (SSG, n = 30), supervised concurrent group (SCG, n = 30), which will perform the corresponding exercise program 3 days a week compared to the control group (CG, n = 30), which will not carry out a supervised exercise program. The design of this project will include measurements of four relevant dimensions; 1) Cardiorespiratory fitness; 2) Muscle fitness; 3) Pain and mental health; and 4) Biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study will provide insights into the effects of different exercise programs on physical and mental fitness, physical condition and biomarkers of the immune system and oxidative stress in older patients with post-COVID-19 sequelae. These findings may be the basis for the formulation of health plans and rehabilitation programs that allow healthy aging and a reduction in the associated morbidity in patients with post-COVID-19 sequelae. TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT05848518. Registered on May 8, 2023.


Assuntos
COVID-19 , Saúde Mental , Humanos , Idoso , Qualidade de Vida , COVID-19/complicações , Terapia por Exercício , Fadiga/psicologia , Dor , Fadiga Mental , Aptidão Física
3.
Rev Lat Am Enfermagem ; 31: e3738, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês, Português, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36888788

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: to explore and describe how perioperative nurses assess and interpret the child's behavior before entering the operating room, identifying the strategies they use to reduce anxiety and the proposals for improvements. METHOD: descriptive qualitative study using semi-structured interviews and participant observation of daily routines. Thematic analysis of data. This study follows the recommended criteria for publication of articles of the qualitative methodology Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research. RESULTS: four topics emerged from the data: a) assessment of anxiety or close communication with the child and their family; b) evaluating what was observed; c) managing anxiety and d) improving the assessment or proposals for improvements in daily practice. CONCLUSION: nurses assess anxiety in their daily practice through observation using their clinical judgment. The nurse's experience is decisive for the appropriate assessment of the preoperative anxiety in child. Insufficient time between waiting and entering the operating room, lack of information from child and their parents about the surgical procedure, and parental anxiety make it difficult to assess and properly manage anxiety.


Assuntos
Ansiedade , Pais , Criança , Humanos , Transtornos de Ansiedade , Salas Cirúrgicas , Pesquisa Qualitativa
4.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-222296

RESUMO

Objetivo principal: Conocer el desarrollo de las prácticas innovadoras educativas en la docencia de Historia de la Enfermería en el Grado de Enfermería de España, caracterizando los entornos docentes e identificando las necesidades para su potenciación. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo transversal de alcance exploratorio, con encuesta que se aplicó a docentes de esta materia de universidades españolas, tanto públicas como privadas o concertadas. Resultados principales: Se observa variabilidad de perfiles de profesorado, de horas de impartición y de competencias y metodologías docentes. Si bien las metodologías activas son utilizadas por la mayoría de los encuestados, se aprecia la falta de procesos innovadores. Conclusión principal: Es mayor la motivación del profesorado hacia la comunicación de la Historia de la Enfermería de una manera innovadora que el nivel de desarrollo alcanzado hasta ahora en las tecnologías empleadas, identificándose por tanto un importante margen de mejora de cara al futuro (Au)


Objective: To know the development of innovative educational practices in the teaching of Nursing History in the Nursing degree in Spain, characterizing the teaching environments and identifying the needs for their empowerment. Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study with an exploratory scope, with a survey that was applied to teachers of this subject at Spanish universities, both public and private or concerted. Results: Variability in teacher profiles, teaching hours, and teaching skills and methodologies is observed. Although active methodologies are used by the majority of respondents, there is a lack of innovative processes. Conclusions: The motivation of the teaching staff towards the communication of the History of Nursing in an innovative way is greater than the level of development reached so far in the technologies used, thus identifying an important margin for improvement for the future (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Educação em Enfermagem/métodos , Educação em Enfermagem/tendências , História da Enfermagem , Docentes de Enfermagem , Estudos Transversais , Inquéritos e Questionários , Espanha
5.
Temperamentum (Granada) ; 19(1)2023. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-ADZ-368

RESUMO

Objetivo principal: Conocer el desarrollo de las prácticas innovadoras educativas en la docencia de Historia de la Enfermería en el Grado de Enfermería de España, caracterizando los entornos docentes e identificando las necesidades para su potenciación. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo transversal de alcance exploratorio, con encuesta que se aplicó a docentes de esta materia de universidades españolas, tanto públicas como privadas o concertadas. Resultados principales: Se observa variabilidad de perfiles de profesorado, de horas de impartición y de competencias y metodologías docentes. Si bien las metodologías activas son utilizadas por la mayoría de los encuestados, se aprecia la falta de procesos innovadores. Conclusión principal: Es mayor la motivación del profesorado hacia la comunicación de la Historia de la Enfermería de una manera innovadora que el nivel de desarrollo alcanzado hasta ahora en las tecnologías empleadas, identificándose por tanto un importante margen de mejora de cara al futuro. (AU)


Objective: To know the development of innovative educational practices in the teaching of Nursing History in the Nursing degree in Spain, characterizing the teaching environments and identifying the needs for their empowerment. Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study with an exploratory scope, with a survey that was applied to teachers of this subject at Spanish universities, both public and private or concerted. Results: Variability in teacher profiles, teaching hours, and teaching skills and methodologies is observed. Although active methodologies are used by the majority of respondents, there is a lack of innovative processes. Conclusions: The motivation of the teaching staff towards the communication of the History of Nursing in an innovative way is greater than the level of development reached so far in the technologies used, thus identifying an important margin for improvement for the future. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Enfermagem , História , Identificação Social , Criatividade , Docentes
6.
BMC Prim Care ; 23(1): 106, 2022 05 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35513777

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Cardiac rehabilitation after acute myocardial infarction permits recovery of the heart function and enables secondary prevention programs in which changes in lifestyle habits are crucial. Cardiac rehabilitation often takes place in hospitals without coordination with primary healthcare and is not focused on individual patient preferences and goals, which is the core of the motivational interview. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a cardiac rehabilitation program with a motivational interview in patients discharged from hospital after acute myocardial infarction. METHODS/DESIGN: A randomized, non-pharmacological clinical trial in six primary healthcare centers in Barcelona (Spain) will assess whether a tailored cardiac rehabilitation program consisting of four motivational interviews and visits with family physicians, primary healthcare nurses and a cardiologist, coordinated with the reference hospital, results in better cardiac rehabilitation than standard care. A minimum sample of 284 participants requiring cardiac rehabilitation after acute myocardial infarction will be randomized to a cardiac rehabilitation group with a motivational interview program or to standard primary healthcare. The main outcome will be physical function measured by the six-minute walk test, and the secondary outcome will be the effectiveness of secondary prevention: a composite outcome comprising control of blood pressure, cholesterol, diabetes mellitus, smoking and body weight. Results will be evaluated at 1,3 and 6 months. DISCUSSION: This is the first clinical trial to study the impact of a new primary healthcare cardiac rehabilitation program with motivational interviews for patients discharged from hospital after myocardial infarction. Changes in lifestyles and habits after myocardial infarction are a core element of secondary prevention and require patient-centered care strategies such as motivational interviews. Therefore, this study could clarify the impact of this approach on health indicators, such as functional capacity. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTriasl.gov NCT05285969 registered on March 18, 2022.


Assuntos
Reabilitação Cardíaca , Entrevista Motivacional , Infarto do Miocárdio , Humanos , Infarto do Miocárdio/reabilitação , Atenção Primária à Saúde , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto , Prevenção Secundária
7.
Eur Geriatr Med ; 9(1): 5-21, 2018 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34654278

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Oropharyngeal dysphagia is a geriatric syndrome of high prevalence. It requires screening, diagnosis and specific care to avoid possible complications. The objective of this study is to perform a systematic review of the literature to know what interventions are performed by nursing professionals in the care of adult patients with OD. METHODS: A systematic literature review was conducted, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) declaration guideline. Included are observational and analytical scientific studies on the interventions nurses made in the assessment and screening of OD secondary to age and/or neurodegenerative diseases, as well as nursing interventions in patient's care and diagnosis in the electronic databases of Medline, SCOPUS and CINALH. RESULTS: A total of 51 articles were included: 10 observational studies, 29 experimental studies and 12 systematic reviews. 66.7% studies talked about the interventions to patients with OD secondary to ICTUS. 82.05% was performed in a hospital setting. In 49.01% of the articles, nurses are mentioned as participants in the interventions. CONCLUSION: Screening and clinical assessment of OD for an early diagnosis are the interventions performed by the most prevalent nursing professionals found in the literature, mainly in the OD, due to ICTUS and in the hospital setting. Further research on interventions by nursing professionals is needed in this area.

8.
Index enferm ; 26(1/2): 91-95, ene.-jun. 2017. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-167074

RESUMO

El propósito de la educación en Enfermería es formar profesionales con actitudes, habilidades y conocimientos necesarios para llevar a cabo sus funciones de manera eficiente. Cada vez hay mayor demanda de profesionales de enfermería más competentes para el manejo de información, uso de nuevas tecnologías y aplicación de intervenciones complejas en el cuidado de las personas en diferentes entornos de cuidado. Para dar respuesta a esta demanda, desde la Escuela Superior de Ciencias de la Salud Tecnocampus, se apuesta por modelo de Practicum avanzado más integrador y acorde a la formación teórica y práctica, que permita al estudiante una visión holística, ya no tanto de las patologías concretas, sino de los procesos asistenciales en forma de itinerarios. El trabajo que aquí se presenta tiene el objetivo de dar a conocer este modelo y las herramientas evaluadoras del estudiante utilizadas durante el mismo


The purpose of the Nursing Education is to train nurses with skills, attitudes, aptitudes and knowledge to enable them to develop their function in an efficient manner. An increasing demand of nurses more competent to a data-management system, to use new technologies and application of complex interventions on different places of nursing care, is requested. To respond to this demand, the Escuela Superior de Ciencias de la Salud Tecnocampus (ESCST), has been emphasized for an advanced and integrative Practicum Model in accordance with the theoretical and practical training, that it enables students to have an holistic view. Not just of specific pathologies, but also the assistance processes by means of form of itinerary. The work that is presented has the aim to make know this model and which are evaluation tools that are used during the development for the assessment of student's practical training


Assuntos
Humanos , Educação em Enfermagem/tendências , Aprendizagem , Competência Profissional , Estágio Clínico/tendências , Prática Avançada de Enfermagem/educação , Avaliação Educacional , Modelos Educacionais
9.
Metas enferm ; 14(6): 68-74, jul. 2011. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-94494

RESUMO

Las lesiones vasculares de las extremidades inferiores constituyen un problema de salud con importantes consecuencias socioeconómicas y sanitarias. Su prevalencia se sitúa en el 3% de la población adulta. Es fundamental establecer un diagnóstico diferencial entre los distintos tipos de lesiones, ya que el tratamiento difiere en función de su etiología. No existe un tratamiento único y efectivo para las úlceras de extremidad inferior,por lo que el equipo clínico ha de llegar a un acuerdo sobre el tratamiento a utilizar.La necesidad de tener un criterio común de actuación surgió en nuestro hospital a causa de la manifiesta diversidad en el tratamiento de las lesiones vasculares dependiendo del lugar donde estaba ubicado el paciente y la escasez de registro de las mismas, incluso en la unidad especializada. Además, las curas eran modificadas con demasiada frecuencia, no dejando tiempo a que se pudiera comprobar su eficacia. Esta situación de variablidad en el abordaje de las curas se agudizaba en los períodos de mayor concentración de personal suplente.El propósito de este artículo es presentar una experiencia de consenso sobre una guía para el tratamiento de lesiones vasculares, útil en diferentes niveles asistenciales y algunos documentos que forman parte de la guía,como son la guía rápida, el algoritmo de decisión de tratamiento y la hoja de registros de las curas, que pueden servir para agilizar el trabajo enfermero (AU)


Vascular lesions of the lower limbs represent a health problem with significant socioeconomic and healthcare consequences. The prevalence of this condition is around 3% in the adult population. It is of outmost importance to establish a differential diagnosis between the different types of lesions as the treatment varies depending on their aetiology.There is no single and effective treatment for ulcers of the lower limb and therefore the clinical team must be in agreement regarding the most appropriate treatment to follow.The need to have a common criteria for the course of action emerged in our hospital as a result of the various different treatments for vascular lesions depending there the patient was and a lack of a registry of the lesions, including at the specialist unit. In addition, wound care wasmodified way too frequently, leaving no time to verify their efficacy, This situation of variability in wound care approach exacerbated during the periods in which there were more nursing substitutes in attendance.The aim of this article is to present a consensus experience on a clinical practice guide for the treatment of vascular lesions that is useful at the different levels of health care and some documents that are part of such guide, such as the quick reference guide, the decision-making algorithm for treatment and the wound care log, which might help to expedite nursing work (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Úlcera Varicosa/enfermagem , Técnicas de Fechamento de Ferimentos/enfermagem , Fita Cirúrgica , Cicatrização/fisiologia , /métodos , Anti-Infecciosos Locais/uso terapêutico
10.
Educ. méd. (Ed. impr.) ; 14(2): 119-127, jun. 2011. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-93251

RESUMO

Introducción. El cuerpo teórico y filosófico de enfermería es complejo; existen un gran número de teorías enfermeras, algunas de difícil comprensión, por lo que habitualmente su aplicación práctica se ve restringida. Objetivo. Identificar el modelo teórico de enfermería que los estudiantes dicen utilizar durante las prácticas clínicas, la motivación para su elección, y la escuela universitaria donde estaban cursando sus estudios. Sujetos y métodos. Estudio descriptivo en el que participaron 105 estudiantes (de una población total de 108) que realizaban prácticas de enfermería en el hospital durante el curso 2006-2007. La variables de estudio fueron los modelos teóricos enfermeros, las razones de la elección y variables sociodemográficas. La recogida de datos se llevo a cabo mediante un cuestionario cumplimentado durante su experiencia clínica. El análisis de los datos se realizó mediante un análisis temático de texto, categorizando para crear finalmente un marco explicativo. Resultados y conclusiones. El modelo elegido es principalmente el de Virginia Henderson. Las motivaciones para la elección, según los estudiantes, son su uso en la enseñanza universitaria y la facilidad de ejecución del modelo. Se evidenció confusión entre los términos ‘modelo conceptual y/o teórico’ y ‘metodología enfermera’ (AU)


Introduction. The theoretical and philosophical nursing is complex, there are a large number of nursing theories, some difficult to understand, because this usually its practical application is restricted. Aim. To identify the theoretical model of nursing students say they use in clinical practice, the motivation for their choice, and school where they were pursuing their studies. Subjects and methods. Descriptive study. Participants were 105 students doing school practice during the academic year 2006-2007 (of a total population of 108 students). The study variables were the nursing models and theories, the reasons for the choice and demographic variables. Data collection was conducted through a questionnaire completed during their clinical experience. The analysis of data using a thematic analysis of text, categorizing to finally create an explanatory framework. Results and conclusions. The model chosen is mainly that of Virginia Henderson. The motivations for the election as students are used in university education and ease of implementation of the model. It was evident confusion between the terms related to nursing model and methodology (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Modelos de Enfermagem , Educação em Enfermagem/métodos , Modelos Teóricos , Estudantes de Enfermagem , Motivação , Comportamento de Escolha
11.
Enferm Clin ; 20(1): 54-63, 2010.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20153228

RESUMO

Breast cancer is a very important public health issue, due its high incidence and mortality. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy has proven to be a valid option in the treatment of operable breast cancer and a better aesthetic result if breast- tumour ratio is unfavourable. The administration of the therapy itself is complicated, but the difficulty lies mainly in the management of side effects or adverse effects of the treatment. The emergence of a new therapeutic applications need to be constantly reviewed, which combined with the high work loads in the oncology day hospital requires easily managed, standardised and updated methodologies. A method of choice would be the use of clinical pathways that are just emerging in Spain, but could be helpful in managing this disease. The aim of this publication is to share the design of a clinical path for this specific disease with the scientific community. The process of preparing this document has been work of reflection, literature review and unification of criteria that may be used to facilitate work within the Oncology Day Hospital, improving the records of the work involved, especially those related to nursing practice. Their evaluation would enable proposals to be defined for improving and facilitating evidence-based practice.


Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama/tratamento farmacológico , Procedimentos Clínicos , Quimioterapia Adjuvante , Progressão da Doença , Feminino , Humanos , Terapia Neoadjuvante
12.
Enferm. clín. (Ed. impr.) ; 20(1): 54-63, ene.-feb. 2010. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-81445

RESUMO

El cáncer de mama es un problema de salud pública muy importante, tanto por su alta incidencia como por la mortalidad que ocasiona. La quimioterapia neoadyuvante ha demostrado ser una opción válida en el tratamiento del cáncer de mama operable con un mejor resultado estético en caso de una relación tumor-mama no favorable. La administración de la terapia en sí es complicada, pero su dificultad radica sobre todo en el manejo de los efectos secundarios o adversos del propio tratamiento. La aparición de nuevos esquemas terapéuticos demanda una revisión constante que, unida a las elevadas cargas de trabajo en los hospitales de día oncológicos, requiere de metodologías que dispongan de actuaciones estandarizadas y actualizadas para su manejo. Una metodología de elección sería el uso de trayectorias clínicas, que en España es incipiente, pero podría ser de gran ayuda en el manejo de este tipo de patología. El objetivo de la presente publicación es compartir con la comunidad científica el diseño de una trayectoria clínica específica para este tipo de pacientes. El proceso de elaboración de este documento supuso un esfuerzo de reflexión, revisión bibliográfica y unificación de criterios, un reto que seguro podrá facilitar el trabajo en el Hospital de Día de Oncología del centro, mejorando los registros de las tareas realizadas, sobre todo las relacionadas con la práctica enfermera; su evaluación permitirá definir propuestas de mejora y facilitar la práctica basada en la evidencia(AU)


Breast cancer is a very important public health issue, due its high incidence and mortality. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy has proven to be a valid option in the treatment of operable breast cancer and a better aesthetic result if breast- tumour ratio is unfavourable. The administration of the therapy itself is complicated, but the difficulty lies mainly in the management of side effects or adverse effects of the treatment. The emergence of a new therapeutic applications need to be constantly reviewed, which combined with the high work loads in the oncology day hospital requires easily managed, standardised and updated methodologies. A method of choice would be the use of clinical pathways that are just emerging in Spain, but could be helpful in managing this disease. The aim of this publication is to share the design of a clinical path for this specific disease with the scientific community. The process of preparing this document has been work of reflection, literature review and unification of criteria that may be used to facilitate work within the Oncology Day Hospital, improving the records of the work involved, especially those related to nursing practice. Their evaluation would enable proposals to be defined for improving and facilitating evidence-based practice(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Neoplasias da Mama/tratamento farmacológico , Procedimentos Clínicos , Quimioterapia Adjuvante , Progressão da Doença , Terapia Neoadjuvante
13.
Metas enferm ; 12(7): 51-54, sept. 2009. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-88909

RESUMO

El sueño es una parte vital de la vida, su privación tiene efectos adversosy debe ser tratado de forma adecuada por el profesional sanitariocuando aparecen alteraciones.Existe una elevada prevalencia de enfermos diagnosticados de Síndromede Apnea-Hipopnea obstructiva del sueño (SAHS) en España.Entre las alternativas terapéuticas, la ventilación no invasiva con presiónpositiva continua en la vía aérea (CPAP) (Continuous Positive AirwayPressure) es el tratamiento de elección, pero son muchos los pacientesque no lo cumplen correctamente, debido a intolerancia a la mascarilla,a los inconvenientes de estar conectado a una máquina y a la escasez dela mejora subjetiva de síntomas.El tratamiento del SAHS también incluye la eliminación o reducción delos factores de riesgo más frecuentes: obesidad, alcohol, sedantes, tabacoy los tratamientos posturales.El propósito de este trabajo es proporcionar información para que el profesionalenfermero pueda ayudar a las personas diagnosticadas de SAHS,orientando la valoración enfermera al diagnóstico de problemas de lapersona para el manejo de esta enfermedad y su tratamiento y realizandointervenciones de Educación para la Salud (AU)


Sleep is a vital part of life. Sleep deprivation has side effects and shouldbe treated properly by healthcare professionals when disturbances develop.There is a high prevalence of patients who are diagnosed with ObstructiveSleep Apnoea-Hypopnea Syndrome (OSAH) in Spain.Amongst the therapeutic alternatives available, non-invasive ventilationwith continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the treatment ofchoice. However, many patients do not adhere to this treatment correctly,due to intolerance to the mask, the inconvenience of being connectedto a machine and the limited subjective improvement of symptoms.OSAH treatment also includes elimination or reduction of the most frequentside effects: obesity, alcohol, sedatives, tobacco and postural treatments.The aim of this work is to provide information so that nursing professionalscan help patients diagnosed with OSAH, guiding nursing assessmenttowards the diagnosis of problems for proper management of this diseaseand its treatment, and performing health education interventions (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono/epidemiologia , Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono/enfermagem , Ventilação de Alta Frequência
14.
Metas enferm ; 12(4): 16-26, mayo 2009. tab, ilus, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-59777

RESUMO

Objetivo: indagar la percepción de los profesionales y de los estudiantesde Enfermería en relación al uso en la práctica de los modelos y teoríasde Enfermería.Material y método: estudio descriptivo transversal. La muestra estuvo formadapor los profesionales asistenciales y estudiantes matriculados en lasescuelas que realizan prácticas clínicas en la Corporación Sanitaria delParc Taulí durante 2006/2007.Resultados: el modelo aprendido durante la formación es Henderson enambos grupos. En cuanto al uso del modelo en la práctica asistencial,los estudiantes usaban modelos en un 62% mientras lo hacían el 23%de los profesionales. Referente a si se identificaban con el modelo conel que atendían a las personas, los estudiantes dijeron sí en un 88% y losprofesionales en un 83%.Conclusiones: ambos grupos muestran una gran variabilidad y confusiónen algunos conceptos. El uso de un modelo o teoría en la formaciónno condiciona a identificarse con los conceptos de la autora estudiada.El metaparadigma enfermero no se nutre de un sólo modelo (AU)


Objective: to gain deeper knowledge on the perception that professionalsand nursing students have regarding the practical use of Nursingmodels and theories.Material and method: cross-sectional, descriptive study. The sample wascomprised of healthcare professionals and students enrolled in the schoolsthat carried out clinical practice sessions in the Parc Taulí Health Corporationduring 2006/2007.Results: The model learned during the training period was the Hendersonmodel in both groups. In regards to the use of the model in healthcarepractice, 62% of students and 23% of professionals claimed that theyused the models. In terms of whether they identified with the care modelused, 88% of students and 83% of professionals responded affirmatively.Conclusions: both groups showed high variability and confusion in certainconcepts. The use of a certain model or theory during training doesnot necessarily lead to identification with the studied author’s concepts.The nursing meta-paradigm is not shaped by one exclusive model (AU)


Assuntos
Modelos de Enfermagem , Cuidados de Enfermagem/tendências , Prática Profissional/tendências , Teoria de Enfermagem , Educação em Enfermagem/tendências , Inquéritos e Questionários
15.
Gerokomos (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 19(4): 184-189, dic. 2008. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-61479

RESUMO

La teoría es esencial porque nos ayuda a tomar decisionessobre las intervenciones enfermeras. Pese a ello, existeuna dicotomía entre la teoría y la práctica. En nuestrocentro asistencial, en el momento del estudio, no existíaun modelo de metodología enfermera para guiar lapráctica asistencial, por lo que el objetivo era conocerla filosofía del cuidado de los profesionales de enfermeríaa través de un estudio descriptivo, observacional.Se llegó a la conclusión de que existe variabilidad de posicionamentoteórico, confusión entre metodología y teoríaenfermera, necesidad de formación y registros quefaciliten la asistencia bajo un modelo enfermero(AU)


The theory helps us to take decisions on the nursing care.In spite of it, a dichotomy exists between theory and practice.In our center did not exist a nursing model to guide thepractice in the moment of the study. The aim was to knowthe care philosophy of nursing professionals with a descriptivestudy, observacional. The conclusions were: variabilityexists of theoretically positioning, confusion among methodologyand nursing theory, it is necessary formation and registrychart that favour working under a nursing modelAU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Modelos de Enfermagem , Teoria de Enfermagem , Cuidados de Enfermagem/tendências , Registros de Enfermagem , Pesquisa em Enfermagem/métodos , Coleta de Dados/métodos
16.
Rev. Soc. Esp. Enferm. Nefrol ; 11(3): 178-183, jul.-sept. 2008. ilus
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-69136

RESUMO

Enfermería depende de la existencia de un conocimiento teórico para todas las áreas. Usar un modelo Conceptual o Teoría de Enfermería en la atención, garantiza que los profesionales compartan igual concepción del metaparadigma y lenguaje en la orientación de los cuidados. Los objetivos del estudio son: 1.Conocer el posicionamiento de los profesionales de enfermería de la unidad nefrológica sobre modelos conceptuales y teorías de enfermería. 2. Conocer el nivel de aplicabilidad sobre los mismos. Estudio descriptivo observacional a todos los profesionales de enfermería de nuestra unidad. Se recogieron los datos mediante un cuestionario de elaboración propia, realizando un estudio descriptivo de todas las variables, expresando los resultados de las variables cuantitativas en forma de media y desviación estándar. Las variables categóricas se expresaron en forma de frecuencia y porcentajes. Se analizaron 27 cuestionarios. Índice de respuesta del 77,1%. Los datos sociodemográficos son: edad media de 32,26±7,92 años, y el 81,5% son mujeres. El 88,9% utilizó el modelo de Henderson en la escuela universitaria. Respecto al metaparadigma enfermero: en el concepto de Enfermería el 88,9% se identificó con V Henderson; en el concepto de salud el 81,5% escogió la definición de Erickson; en el concepto de entorno el 63% se decantó por Henderson; y en el concepto de persona: el 70,4% señaló a Roy. Se evidencia una gran variabilidad en cuanto al posicionamiento teórico de los profesionales. Además es necesario una mayor formación y reflexión del tema en nuestro ámbito (AU)


Nursing depends on existence of a theoretic knowledge for everything areas. To use a conceptual model or nursing theory in the attention, guarantees that everybody nurses share equal metaparadigm conception and the same language in the cares guidance. Objectives are: 1. To investigate the nurses position of nephrology unit on conceptual models and nursing theories. 2. To investigate the application level on the same nursing models and theories. It is a descriptive and observational study on all nurses of our unit. Data were capture by a questionnaire elaborate by us. Achieving a descriptive study of all variables, quantitative variables results were expressed as average and plus minus standard deviation. Categorical variables were expressed as frequency and percentages. Twenty seven questionnaires were analysed. Response rate was 77.1%.The demographic data are: average age 32.27± 7.92 years, and 81.5% are women. 88.9% used Henderson’s model in the university school. Results nursing’s metaparadigm: In the Nursing concept, 88,9% selected to V. Henderson; in the Health concept, 81.5% chose to Erickson; in the environment concept, 63% opted for Henderson; and in the person concept, 70.4% selected to Roy. A wide variability of the about theoretic position of nurses was found. Also a robust training and analysis of the issue is necessary (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Teoria de Enfermagem , Modelos de Enfermagem , Nefropatias/enfermagem , Diagnóstico de Enfermagem/tendências , Processo de Enfermagem/tendências , Pesquisas sobre Atenção à Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos
17.
Metas enferm ; 11(6): 50-57, jul. 2008. tab, graf
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-67879

RESUMO

Objetivo: conocer la perspectiva de los profesionales enfermeros de la Corporación Sanitària del Parc Taulí (CSPT) sobre modelos conceptuales y teorías de Enfermería, previo a la implantación de una nueva metodología de trabajo enfermera basada en planes de cuidados.Material y métodos: diseño descriptivo transversal a través de un cuestionario anónimo de elaboración propia, aplicado en todos los enfermeros de los seis centros de la CSPT en abril de 2006. La medición del conocimientosobre los modelos y teorías de Enfermería se llevó a cabo a través de las variables: identificación con los modelos de Enfermería estudiados, su utilidad, la propuesta de un modelo para el trabajo diario yla identificación con los conceptos del metaparadigma enfermero. Otras variables estudiadas: sociodemo-gráficas, relacionadas con la formación y vida laboral, con los tipos de registro, la búsqueda de información complementaria y la metodología de trabajo asistencial.Resultados: 204 profesionales (respuesta 37,6%); 90,6% mujeres. La media de edad era de 36,75 años (DE:9,23), con 14,07 años de media (DE: 9,3) de experiencia laboral. El 85,8% tenían formación de Diplomado.El 74% se formó bajo el modelo Henderson, el 23,5% tenía formación complementaria relacionada con modelos. Un 68,3% manifestó no usar teorías en su práctica. El 72,6% creía positivo implantar institucionalmente un modelo. Modelo propuesto: 43,6% dejó la respuesta en blanco, una35,3% reflejó el modelo Henderson. En los conceptos del metaparadigma enfermero optaron por el de salud basado en Erickson (79,4%), el de entorno y persona de Roy (52,9% y 54,4%, respectivamente) y el de Enfermeríade Henderson (75%).Conclusiones: existe variabilidad de posicionamiento teórico, confusión entre metodología y teoría enfermera, necesidad de formación y registros que faciliten la asistencia bajo un modelo enfermero. Podemos afirmarque la Enfermería, en nuestro contexto, se halla todavía en una etapa preparadigmática con una incipiente consolidación teórico-científica y no existe paradigma dominante que aclare el pensamiento y prácticade la mayoría de los profesionales


Objective: to learn about the Parc Taulí Healthcare Corporation’s (CSPT in Catalan) nursing professionals’ perspective on nursing conceptual models and theories prior to the implementation of a new nursing workmethodology based on care plans.Material and methods: cross-sectional, descriptive design using a selfelaborated, anonymous questionnaire that was completed by all nurses in the six CSPT centres in april of 2006. Knowledge on nursing models and theories was measured using the following variables: identification with the studied nursing models, their use, the proposal of a model for daily work and the identification with nursing metaparadigm concepts.Sociodemographic, training and work experience variables were also studied using registry types, complementary information search and methodology.Results: 204 professionals (37,6% response); 90,6% were women. Mean age was 36,75 years (SD:9,23) with 14,07 mean years of work experience (SD:9,3). 85,8% had a graduate degree. 74% received the Henderson model training and 23,5% had additional model-related training.68.3% claimed not to use theories in their practice. 72,6% approved of institutionally implementing a model. Proposed method: 43,6% did not answer the question and 35,3% reflected the Henderson model. Regardingthe nursing metaparadigm concepts, 79,4% chose the Ericksonbased health concept, 52,9% and 54,4% chose Roy’s environment and person concepts respectively and 75% chose Henderson’s Nursing concept.Conclusions: there is variability in theoretical positioning, confusion between nursing methodology and theory, need for training and registries that facilitate healthcare delivery under a nursing model. We can statethat Nursing, in our context, is still in a preparadigmatic phase with a budding theoretical-scientific consolidation and there is no dominantparadigm that elucidates the thought and practice of the majority of professionals


Assuntos
Humanos , Teoria de Enfermagem , Modelos de Enfermagem , Enfermagem/tendências
18.
Enferm. clín. (Ed. impr.) ; 16(4): 218-221, jul. 2006. tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-047034

RESUMO

La teoría es esencial para explicar y comprender las prácticas enfermeras. El marco teórico ayuda a examinar, organizar, analizar e interpretar los datos del paciente, apoyando y facilitando la toma de decisiones. De la misma forma, favorece la planificación, la predicción y la evaluación de los resultados fruto de los cuidados. Por lo tanto, el enfoque teórico es una herramienta útil para el razonamiento, el pensamiento crítico y, además, favorece que las enfermeras puedan emplear y manejar toda la información acerca del paciente y gestionen la práctica del cuidado de forma ordenada y eficaz. El uso de modelos conceptuales de enfermería en la atención, garantiza que todas las enfermeras compartan un lenguaje común y concepciones similares respecto a los paradigmas enfermeros, persona, salud, entorno y cuidados que caracterizan el rol profesional. Aquí se plantea una reflexión acerca de lo que todavía, y aún siendo un tema de gran importancia, mantiene la dicotomía entre la práctica asistencial y la teoría enfermera


Theory is essential to explain and understand nursing practice. The theoretical framework helps to examine, organize, analyze and interpret patient data, supporting and facilitating decision-making. Likewise, the theoretical framework helps nurses to plan, predict and evaluate the results of nursing care. Therefore, the theoretical approach is a useful tool for reasoning and critical thinking and, moreover, helps nurses to use and manage all the information on a patient and to provide nursing care in a structured and effective manner. The use of Conceptual Models of Nursing in nursing care guarantees that all nurses share a common language and similar concepts with respect to the nursing paradigms, person, health, environment and care that characterize their professional role. The present article provides a reflection on an issue that continues to be of great importance - the dichotomy between nursing theory and practice


Assuntos
Humanos , Teoria de Enfermagem , Modelos de Enfermagem , Cuidados de Enfermagem/tendências
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