RESUMO
Haematococcus pluvialis, a green alga accumulates astaxathin upto 2-3% on dry weight basis. In the present study, identification of carotenoids from Haematococcus cyst cell extract by HPLC and LC-MS (APCI) and their antioxidant properties were evaluated in vitro model systems. The extract exhibited 89% and 78% antioxidant activity in beta-carotene linoleate model, and hydroxyl radical scavenging model at 9 ppm of total carotenoid respectively. The extract also showed 80%, 85% and 79% antioxidant activity against lipid peroxidation in kidney, brain and liver of rats. Low-density lipoprotein oxidation induced by Cu2+ ions also protected (45%, 64% and 75%) by the extract in a dose dependent manner with different carotenoid levels. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances concentration in the blood, liver, and kidney of rat was also significantly (p<0.005) decreased in H. pluvialis treated rats. Potent antioxidant activity is attributable to various carotenoids present in the extract.
Assuntos
Antioxidantes/química , Volvocida/química , Xantofilas/química , beta Caroteno/química , Animais , Antioxidantes/administração & dosagem , Antioxidantes/isolamento & purificação , Encéfalo/efeitos dos fármacos , Encéfalo/metabolismo , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Cromatografia Líquida , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Humanos , Rim/efeitos dos fármacos , Rim/metabolismo , Peroxidação de Lipídeos/efeitos dos fármacos , Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , Fígado/metabolismo , Masculino , Espectrometria de Massas , Ratos , Substâncias Reativas com Ácido Tiobarbitúrico/análise , Substâncias Reativas com Ácido Tiobarbitúrico/metabolismo , Xantofilas/administração & dosagem , Xantofilas/isolamento & purificação , beta Caroteno/administração & dosagem , beta Caroteno/isolamento & purificaçãoRESUMO
In this detailed review article called studies on Dasamula, the first part, 'Prisniparni', covering its Chemistry, Botany and Biology is presented here.
RESUMO
PIP: 50 physically healthy gravidas (16-45 years old; 13-20 menstrual weeks' gestation) seeking abortion were administered serial intramuscular doses of 15(S)-15-me-PGF2a at the Contraceptive Testing Unit of ICMR Medical College Hospital in Kottayam. The subjects were initially injected with 125 u gm. 0.5 ml of PG for 2 doses every 3 hours; thereafter, 250 u gm. (1 ml) were administered every 3 hours until the fetus was expelled or until the trial was considered a failure after 30 hours. 78% of the patients aborted within 30 hours of intramuscular injection of 250 u gm of PGF2a every 3 hours. Induction-to-abortion time had a mean duration of 16 hours and 10 minutes (range, 5 hours 35 minutes to 30 hours). Quantity of drug needed to induce abortion ranged from 1 ml. to 9 ml. with a mean of 4.5 ml. The patients experienced blood loss within normal limits, and no serious complications were observed. The low dose schedule proved to be beneficial for parous women, with an abortion rate of 85.40% and a mean induction-to-abortion time of 15 hours and 45 minutes. Failure rate for nulliparous women was high, 55%, and the induction-abortion time averaged more than 24 hours. The incidence of gastrointestinal disturbances (nausea, vomiting and diarrhea) was considerably less compared with other trials. It was concluded that 15(S) 15-me-PGF2a is an effective and safe method of inducing midtrimester abortion (13-16 weeks) and is especially suited for multiparous women.^ieng