Synthesis, SAR, Molecular Docking and Anti-Microbial Study of Substituted N-bromoamido-2-aminobenzothiazoles.

BACKGROUND: Benzothiazoles are reported to have bioorganic and pharmaceutical chemistry applications. INTRODUCTION: A series of substituted N-bromoamido-2-aminobenzothiazoles was synthesized from substituted anilines via 2-aminobenzothiazoles and it was further evaluated for its antimicrobial activity. METHODS: All the newly synthesized compounds were characterized by FT-IR, NMR and mass spectra and purity profiles were studied by HPLC analysis. The antimicrobial testing (MIC determination) was newly performed with agar micro-broth dilution method for these analogs. RESULTS: Among the synthesized compound 3b showed the highest activity with MIC value of 3.12 µg/mL against Bacillus, E. coli, S. aureus and Klebsiella and 6.25 µg/mL against C. albicans. The ADME properties as calculated by using Qikprop were found within acceptable range. Derivatives shows a good-moderate binding affinity towards target Cytochrome P450 14 alpha-sterol demethylase (CYP51) (PDB ID: 1EA1). CONCLUSION: Our in-silico and in-vitro studies on a series of substituted aminobenzothiazoles may be helpful for further designing of more potent antimicrobials in future.

In Silico Appraisal, Synthesis, Antibacterial Screening and DNA Cleavage for 1,2,5-thiadiazole Derivative.

BACKGROUND: Thiadiazole not only acts as "hydrogen binding domain" and "two-electron donor system" but also as constrained pharmacophore. METHODS: The maleate salt of 2-((2-hydroxy-3-((4-morpholino-1, 2,5-thiadiazol-3-yl) oxy) propyl) amino)- 2-methylpropan-1-ol (TML-Hydroxy)(4) has been synthesized. This methodology involves preparation of 4-morpholino-1, 2,5-thiadiazol-3-ol by hydroxylation of 4-(4-chloro-1, 2,5-thiadiazol-3-yl) morpholine followed by condensation with 2-(chloromethyl) oxirane to afford 4-(4-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)-1,2,5-thiadiazol- 3-yl) morpholine. Oxirane ring of this compound was opened by treating with 2-amino-2-methyl propan-1- ol to afford the target compound TML-Hydroxy. Structures of the synthesized compounds have been elucidated by NMR, MASS, FTIR spectroscopy. RESULTS: The DSC study clearly showed that the compound 4-maleate salt is crystalline in nature. In vitro antibacterial inhibition and little potential for DNA cleavage of the compound 4 were explored. We extended our study to explore the inhibition mechanism by conducting molecular docking, ADMET and molecular dynamics analysis by using Schrödinger. The molecular docking for compound 4 showed better interactions with target 3IVX with docking score of -8.508 kcal/mol with respect to standard ciprofloxacin (docking score= -3.879 kcal/mol). TML-Hydroxy was obtained in silico as non-carcinogenic and non-AMES toxic with good percent human oral absorption profile (69.639%). TML-Hydroxy showed the moderate inhibition against Mycobacteria tuberculosis with MIC 25.00 µg/mL as well as moderate inhibition against S. aureus, Bacillus sps, K. Pneumoniae and E. coli species. CONCLUSION: In view of the importance of the 1,2,5-thiadiazole moiety involved, this study would pave the way for future development of more effective analogs for applications in medicinal field.

Novel Zinc(II) Complexes of Heterocyclic Ligands as Antimicrobial Agents: Synthesis, Characterisation, and Antimicrobial Studies.

The synthesis and antimicrobial activity of novel Zn(II) metal complexes derived from three novel heterocyclic Schiff base ligands 8-[(Z)-{[3-(N-methylamino)propyl]imino}methyl]-7-hydroxy-4-methyl-2H-chromen-2-one, 2-[(E)-{[4-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)phenyl]imino}methyl]phenol, and (4S)-4-{4-[(E)-(2-hydroxybenzylidene)amino]benzyl}-1,3-oxazolidin-2-one have been described. These Schiff base ligands and metal complexes are characterised by spectroscopic techniques. According to these data, we propose an octahedral geometry to all the metal complexes. Antimicrobial activity of the Schiff base ligand and its metal complexes was studied against Gram negative bacteria: E. coli and Pseudomonas fluorescens, Gram positive bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus, and also against fungi, that is, C. albicans and A. niger. Some of the metal complexes show significant antifungal activity (MIC < 0.2 µ g/mL). The "in vitro" data has identified [Zn(NMAPIMHMC)2]·2H2O, [Zn(TMPIMP)2]·2H2O, and [Zn(HBABO)2]·2H2O as potential therapeutic antifungal agents against C. albicans and A. niger.

Heterogeneous photocatalytic degradation of p-toluenesulfonic acid using concentrated solar radiation in slurry photoreactor.

In this work, the photocatalytic degradation (PCD) of p-toluenesulfonic acid (p-TSA) in batch reactor using concentrated solar radiation was investigated. The effect of the various operating parameters such as initial concentration of substrate, catalyst loading, solution pH and types of ions on photocatalytic degradation has been studied in a batch reactor to derive the optimum conditions. The rate of photocatalytic degradation was found to be maximum at the self pH (pH 3.34) of p-TSA. It was also observed that in the presence of anions and cations, the rate of PCD decreases drastically. The kinetics of photocatalytic degradation of p-TSA was studied. The PCD of p-TSA was also carried at these optimized conditions in a bench scale slurry bubble column reactor using concentrated solar radiation.