RESUMO
We investigate the behavior of both pure spin and spin-polarized currents measured with four-probe non-local and two probe local configurations up to room temperature and under an external gate voltage in a lateral graphene transistor, produced using a standard large-scale microfabrication process. The high spin diffusion length of pristine graphene in the channel, measured both directly and by the Hanle effect, and the tuning of the relationship between the electrode resistance areas present in the device architecture allowed us to observe local tunnel magnetoresistance at room temperature, a new finding for this type of device. The results also indicate that while pure spin currents are less sensitive to temperature variations, spin-polarized current switching by an external voltage is more efficient, due to a combination of the Rashba effect and a change in carrier mobility by a Fermi level shift.
RESUMO
In situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy and mass spectrometry measurements were employed to simultaneously probe the atom specific short range order and reactivity of Pd and PtPd nanoparticles towards NO decomposition at 300 °C. The nanoparticles were synthesized by a well controlled, eco-friendly wet chemical reduction of metal salts and later supported on activated carbon. Particularly for the bimetallic PtPd samples, distinct atomic arrangements were achieved using a seeding growth method, which allowed producing a random nanoalloy, or nanoparticles with Pt- or Pd-rich core. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction provided additional insights on their electronic, morphological and long range order structural properties. The results revealed that the higher the thermal induced atomic migration observed within the nanoparticles during thermal treatments, the least were their reactivity for NO abatement.