COVID-19 Prevention Policies Reduce Pediatric Hospital Mortality Due to Community-acquired Pneumonia

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Office hysteroscopy study in consecutive miscarriage patients.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of uterine anatomical abnormalities found by office diagnostic hysteroscopy in a population of patients experiencing more than two consecutive miscarriages and compare the prevalence of uterine abnormalities between patients with two miscarriages and those with three or more consecutive miscarriages. METHODS: A cross-sectional study of 66 patients with two or more consecutive miscarriages diagnosis was conducted. Patients were divided into two groups: Group A (up to two miscarriages, 23 patients), and Group B (3 miscarriages, 43 patients). They underwent an outpatient diagnostic hysteroscopy study, with either congenital or acquired abnormalities of the uterine cavity being identified. RESULTS: Uterine changes were found in 22 (33.3%) patients, with 9 cases of congenital changes [arcuate uterus (4 cases), septate uterus (2 cases), and bicornuate uterus (1 case)], and 13 patients with acquired changes [intrauterine adhesions (7 cases), endometrial polyp (4 cases), and uterine leiomyoma (2 cases)]. No significant differences were found between the groups as regarding both acquired and congenital uterine changes. A positive correlation was found between anatomical changes on hysteroscopy and number of miscarriages (r = 0.31; p = 0.02). CONCLUSION: Patients with more than two miscarriages have a high prevalence of uterine cavity abnormalities diagnosed by hysteroscopy; however there are no differences in prevalence or distribution of these lesions related to the number of recurrent miscarriages.

Histeroscopia ambulatorial em casos de abortamento consecutivo / Office hysteroscopy study in consecutive miscarriage patients

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a prevalência de alterações anatômicas uterinas diagnosticadas através da histeroscopia ambulatorial em uma população de pacientes com mais de dois abortamentos consecutivos. Comparar a prevalência de alterações uterinas entre as pacientes com dois abortos em relação as pacientes com três ou mais abortamentos de repetição. MÉTODOS: Foi realizado um estudo transversal em 66 pacientes com diagnóstico de dois ou mais abortamentos de repetição. As pacientes foram divididas em dois grupos: Grupo A (até dois abortamentos, 23 pacientes) e Grupo B (três ou mais abortamentos, 43 pacientes), sendo submetidas à histeroscopia diagnóstica ambulatorial em que foram identificadas alterações congênitas e adquiridas da cavidade uterina. RESULTADOS: Foram encontradas em 22 (33,3 por cento) pacientes alterações uterinas, sendo em nove casos alterações congênitas [útero arqueado (quatro casos), septo uterino (dois casos) e útero bicorno (um caso)] e em 13 pacientes alterações adquiridas [sinéquia (sete casos), pólipo endometrial (quatro casos) e mioma uterino (dois casos). Não houve diferença significativa entre grupos em relação às alterações uterinas adquiridas e congênitas. Foi encontrada uma correlação positiva entre alterações anatômicas na histeroscopia e número de abortamentos (r = 0,31; p = 0,02). CONCLUSÃO: As pacientes com mais de dois abortamentos apresentam uma alta prevalência de alterações uterinas diagnosticadas por histeroscopia. No entanto não há diferença na prevalência ou na distribuição das lesões em relação ao número de abortamentos.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of uterine anatomical abnormalities found by office diagnostic hysteroscopy in a population of patients experiencing more than two consecutive miscarriages and compare the prevalence of uterine abnormalities between patients with two miscarriages and those with three or more consecutive miscarriages. METHODS: A cross-sectional study of 66 patients with two or more consecutive miscarriages diagnosis was conducted. Patients were divided into two groups: Group A (up to two miscarriages, 23 patients), and Group B (3 miscarriages, 43 patients). They underwent an outpatient diagnostic hysteroscopy study, with either congenital or acquired abnormalities of the uterine cavity being identified. RESULTS: Uterine changes were found in 22 (33.3 percent) patients, with 9 cases of congenital changes [arcuate uterus (4 cases), septate uterus (2 cases), and bicornuate uterus (1 case)], and 13 patients with acquired changes [intrauterine adhesions (7 cases), endometrial polyp (4 cases), and uterine leiomyoma (2 cases)]. No significant differences were found between the groups as regarding both acquired and congenital uterine changes. A positive correlation was found between anatomical changes on hysteroscopy and number of miscarriages (r = 0.31; p = 0.02). CONCLUSION: Patients with more than two miscarriages have a high prevalence of uterine cavity abnormalities diagnosed by hysteroscopy; however there are no differences in prevalence or distribution of these lesions related to the number of recurrent miscarriages.

Quality of life associated to chronic pelvic pain is independent of endometriosis diagnosis--a cross-sectional survey.

BACKGROUND: Pain is strongly related to poor quality of life. We performed a cross-sectional study in a university hospital to investigate quality of life in women suffering from chronic pelvic pain (CPP) due to endometriosis and others conditions. METHODS: Fifty-seven patients aged between 25 and 48 years-old submitted to laparoscopy because of CPP were evaluated for quality of life and depressive symptoms. Quality of life was accessed by a quality of life instrument [World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment-Bref (WHOQOL-bref)]. Causes of pelvic pain were determined and severity of CPP was measured with a visual analogue scale. According to the intensity of pelvic pain score, patients were classified in two groups (group Low CPP < 25th percentile visual analogue scale and group High CPP > 25th percentile). Four dimensions on quality of life were measured (physical, psychological, social and environmental). We stratified the analysis of quality of life according CPP causes (presence or not of endometriosis in laparoscopy). RESULTS: Patients with higher pain scores presented lower quality of life status in psychological and environmental dimensions. We found a negative correlation between pain scores and psychological dimension of quality of life (r = -0.310, P = .02). Quality of life scores were similar between groups with and without endometriosis (physical 54.2 ± 12.8 and 51.1 ± 13.8, P = 0.504; psychological 56.2 ± 14.4 and 62.8 ± 12.4, P = 0.182; social 55.6 ± 18.2 and 62.1 ± 19.1, P = 0.325; environmental 59.2 ± 11.7 61.2 ± 10.8, P = 0.608; respectively) CONCLUSIONS: Higher pain scores are correlated to lower quality of life; however the fact of having endometriosis in addition to CPP does not have an additional impact upon the quality of life.

T helper (Th)1, Th2, and Th17 interleukin pathways in infertile patients with minimal/mild endometriosis.

In the present study, interleukin (IL)-10, IL-12, IL-17, and IL-23 levels were measured in serum and peritoneal fluid of women with minimal or mild endometriosis and compared with levels in controls without endometriosis. Higher IL-23 levels were encountered in the peritoneal fluid of women with endometriosis, suggesting a possible role of this cytokine in these women's infertility.