Highly Sensitive Detection and Genotyping of HPV by PCR Multiplex and Luminex Technology in a Cohort of Colombian Women with Abnormal Cytology.

Cancer of the uterine cervix (CC) is the second most common cancer in women worldwide. In Colombia, CC is the second most frequent cancer among the entire women population and the first among women aged between 15 and 44 years, with an estimated incidence of 24.9 cases/100,000 inhabitants. The main risk factor is infection with one or more high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) types. The aim of this study was to estimate the genotype-specific prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA in patients with cervical pathology using the multiplex PCR and Luminex xMAP technology. In addition, we compared genotyping with Luminex xMAP and with Reverse Line Blot (RLB). A cohort of 160 patients participated in the study, of which 25.6% had no cervical lesions, 35% presented cervical intraepithelial neoplasia of grade I (CIN I), 10% CIN II, 20.6% CIN III and 8.8% CC. The most frequent viral types in all lesion grades were HPV16 and HPV18. Infections by a unique virus were less frequent (19.4%) than multiple infections (80.6%). Single infections were found in 22% of women with no cervical lesions, and in 14.3% of CIN I, 18.7% CIN II, 21.2% CIN III and 28.6% of CC. Multiple infections were observed in 78.0% of cervical samples with negative histopathologic diagnosis, and in 85.7% of CIN I, 81.2% CIN II, 78.8% CIN III and 71.4% CC. All samples analyzed with Luminex xMAP were HPV-positive, while we could detect HPV in only 48.8% of cases with RLB. Of the samples positive by both methods, there was a 67.2% correlation in the viral type(s) detected. In conclusion, Luminex suspension array showed a remarkably higher sensitivity compared with RLB. Multiple infections were unexpectedly common, being HPV types 16 and 18 the most prevalent in all histopathologic grades.

Genotipificación del Virus del Papiloma Humano(VPH) en muestras de cepillados cervicales de pacientes de diferentes hospitales de Bogotá y evaluación de la concordancia de dos métodos basados en PCR / Genotyping the human papilloma virus (HPV) in Cytobrush samples taken from patients attending different hospitals in Bogotá (Colombia) and evaluating agreement between two PCR-based methods

Objetivo: genotipificar el VPH en muestras de pacientes con diferentes grados histopatológicos de lesión cervical. Materiales y métodos: estudio de corte transversal en muestras de cepillado cervical de mujeres con diferentes grados de lesiones cervicales histopatológicas en la ciudad de Bogotá en el año 2009. Se utilizó Luminex® xMAP® una técnica altamente sensible, reproducible y automatizada, y Reverse Line Blot (RLB). Resultados: las infecciones por los tipos de VPH de 16 y 18 fueron las más frecuentes en todos los tipos de patología del cérvix. Las infecciones mixtas predominaron con un 78,04% de los casos con patología negativa, 85,7% NIC I, 81,25% NIC II, 78,78% NIC III y 71,42% cáncer cervical. La concordancia entre los dos métodos fue del 67%. Conclusión: las infecciones por los tipos de VPH 16 y 18 predominan en la población estudiada.

Objective: genotyping HPV in samples taken from patients having different histopathological degrees of cervical injury. Materials and methods: this was a cross-sectional study of cervical scrape samples taken from females having different degrees of histopathological cervical injury in Bogotá during 2009. Luminex® xMAP® was used, which is a highly sensitive, reproducible and automated technique, as well as reverse line blot (RLB). Results: infections caused by HPV types 16 and 18 were the most frequently found types of pathology of the cervix. Mixed infections predominated (78.04%); amongst cases having negative pathology, 85.7% was found for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) I, 81.25% for CIN II, 78.78% for CIN III and 71.42% for cervical cancer. Agreement between both methods was 67%. Conclusion: infection by VPH types 16 and 18 predominated in the population being studied.

Autosomal recessive hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome: a distinct disease entity.

OBJECTIVE: The autosomal-dominant form of the hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome (AD-HIES) has been described as a multisystem disorder including immune, skeletal, and dental abnormalities. Variants of AD-HIES are known but not well defined. METHODS: We evaluated 13 human immunodeficiency virus-seronegative patients from six consanguineous families with an autosomal-recessive form of hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome (AR-HIES) and 68 of their relatives. RESULTS: Persons affected with AR-HIES presented with the classical immunologic findings of hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome, including recurrent staphylococcal infections of the skin and respiratory tract, eczema, elevated serum immunoglobulin E, and hypereosinophilia. In addition, severe recurrent fungal and viral infections with molluscum contagiosum, herpes zoster, and herpes simplex were noted. Autoimmunity was seen in two patients. Central nervous system sequelae, including hemiplegia, ischemic infarction, and subarachnoid hemorrhages, were common and contributed to high mortality. Notably, patients with AR-HIES did not have skeletal or dental abnormalities and did not develop pneumatoceles, as seen in AD-HIES. In lymphocyte proliferation assays, patients' cells responded poorly to mitogens and failed to proliferate in response to antigens, despite the presence of normal numbers of lymphocyte subpopulations. CONCLUSION: The autosomal-recessive form of hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome is a primary immunodeficiency with elevated immunoglobulin E, eosinophilia, vasculitis, autoimmunity, central nervous system symptoms, and high mortality. AR-HIES lacks several of the key findings of AD-HIES and therefore represents a different, previously unrecognized disease entity.