RESUMO
Comparison of the use of indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA), immunochromatography assay (ICA-BD) and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for detecting human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) in 306 nasopharyngeal aspirates samples (NPA) was performed in order to assess their analytical performance. By comparing the results obtained using ICA-BD with those using IFA, we found relative indices of 85.0% for sensitivity and 91.2% for specificity, and the positive (PPV) and negative (NPV) predictive values were 85.0% and 91.2%, respectively. The relative indices for sensitivity and specificity as well as the PPV and NPV for RT-PCR were 98.0%, 89.0%, 84.0% and 99.0%, respectively, when compared to the results of IFA. In addition, comparison of the results of ICA-BD and those of RT-PCR yielded relative indices of 79.5% for sensitivity and 95.4% for specificity, as well as PPV and NPV of 92.9% and 86.0%, respectively. Although RT-PCR has shown the best performance, the substantial agreement between the ICA-BD and IFA results suggests that ICA-BD, also in addition to being a rapid and facile assay, could be suitable as an alternative diagnostic screening for HRSV infection in children.
Assuntos
Cromatografia , Técnica Indireta de Fluorescência para Anticorpo , Infecções por Vírus Respiratório Sincicial/diagnóstico , Vírus Sincicial Respiratório Humano , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Doença Aguda , Pré-Escolar , Cromatografia/métodos , Humanos , Líquido da Lavagem Nasal/virologia , Nasofaringe/virologia , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , RNA Viral/genética , Vírus Sincicial Respiratório Humano/genética , Vírus Sincicial Respiratório Humano/imunologia , Sensibilidade e EspecificidadeRESUMO
Comparison of the use of indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA), immunochromatography assay (ICA-BD) and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for detecting human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) in 306 nasopharyngeal aspirates samples (NPA) was performed in order to assess their analytical performance. By comparing the results obtained using ICA-BD with those using IFA, we found relative indices of 85.0 percent for sensitivity and 91.2 percent for specificity, and the positive (PPV) and negative (NPV) predictive values were 85.0 percent and 91.2 percent, respectively. The relative indices for sensitivity and specificity as well as the PPV and NPV for RT-PCR were 98.0 percent, 89.0 percent, 84.0 percent and 99.0 percent, respectively, when compared to the results of IFA. In addition, comparison of the results of ICA-BD and those of RT-PCR yielded relative indices of 79.5 percent for sensitivity and 95.4 percent for specificity, as well as PPV and NPV of 92.9 percent and 86.0 percent, respectively. Although RT-PCR has shown the best performance, the substantial agreement between the ICA-BD and IFA results suggests that ICA-BD, also in addition to being a rapid and facile assay, could be suitable as an alternative diagnostic screening for HRSV infection in children.
Assuntos
Pré-Escolar , Humanos , Cromatografia , Técnica Indireta de Fluorescência para Anticorpo , Vírus Sincicial Respiratório Humano , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Infecções por Vírus Respiratório Sincicial/diagnóstico , Doença Aguda , Cromatografia/métodos , Líquido da Lavagem Nasal/virologia , Nasofaringe/virologia , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , RNA Viral/genética , Vírus Sincicial Respiratório Humano/genética , Vírus Sincicial Respiratório Humano/imunologia , Sensibilidade e EspecificidadeRESUMO
Discute a intoxicação por chumbo em crianças, seus efeitos, e os niveis de chumbo no sangue. Requer inscrição gratuita para acesso ao documento.
Assuntos
Intoxicação por Chumbo , Toxicologia , Pediatria , Chumbo/toxicidade , CriançaRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To review the literature, covering the most important aspects of management of acute poisoning.METHODS: The most relevant articles on the management of acute poisoning were selected.RESULTS: Acute poisoning is an important matter of public health, particularly for the child. Medicaments are the main responsible agents followed closely by accidents with poisonous animals and household chemical products, pesticides and industrial products. The management of the poisoned patient must proceed through the following sequential stages: initial clinical evaluation and stabilization of the patient, when life-threatening situations are identified and treated; recognition of the toxic syndrome and identification of the causal agent, when the careful analysis of the signs and symptoms help choosing the diagnostic tests; decontamination, with the careful use of the available methods; administration of antidotes, which are small in number and should never delay the other phases; enhancing the elimination of the absorbed toxic, which requires knowledge of the kinetics of the toxic substance; and supportive treatment.CONCLUSIONS: The recognition of the toxic syndrome and knowledge of the phases of management are basic conditions for the success of treatment.
