RESUMO
Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis is a Gram-positive, pleomorphic, facultative intracellular pathogen that causes Oedematous Skin Disease (OSD) in buffalo. To better understand the pathogenic mechanisms of OSD, we performed a comparative genomic analysis of 11 strains of C. pseudotuberculosis isolated from different buffalo found to be infected in Egypt during an outbreak that occurred in 2008. Sixteen previously described pathogenicity islands (PiCp) were present in all of the new buffalo strains, but one of them, PiCp12, had an insertion that contained both a corynephage and a diphtheria toxin gene, both of which may play a role in the adaptation of C. pseudotuberculosis to this new host. Synteny analysis showed variations in the site of insertion of the corynephage during the same outbreak. A gene functional comparison showed the presence of a nitrate reductase operon that included genes involved in molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, which is necessary for a positive nitrate reductase phenotype and is a possible adaptation for intracellular survival. Genomes from the buffalo strains also had fusions in minor pilin genes in the spaA and spaD gene cluster (spaCX and spaYEF), which could suggest either an adaptation to this particular host, or mutation events in the immediate ancestor before this particular epidemic. A phylogenomic analysis confirmed a clear separation between the Ovis and Equi biovars, but also showed what appears to be a clustering by host species within the Equi strains.
Assuntos
Hibridização Genômica Comparativa , Infecções por Corynebacterium/microbiologia , Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis/genética , Genoma Bacteriano , Dermatopatias Bacterianas/microbiologia , Animais , Proteínas de Bactérias/genética , Búfalos , Infecções por Corynebacterium/epidemiologia , Infecções por Corynebacterium/patologia , Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis/classificação , Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis/isolamento & purificação , Toxina Diftérica/classificação , Toxina Diftérica/genética , Surtos de Doenças , Egito/epidemiologia , Genômica , Sequenciamento de Nucleotídeos em Larga Escala , Família Multigênica , Filogenia , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Dermatopatias Bacterianas/epidemiologia , Dermatopatias Bacterianas/patologiaRESUMO
Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis is of major veterinary importance because it affects many animal species, causing economically significant livestock diseases and losses. Therefore, the genomic sequencing of various lines of this organism, isolated from different hosts, will aid in the development of diagnostic methods and new prevention and treatment strategies and improve our knowledge of the biology of this microorganism. In this study, we present the genome of C. pseudotuberculosis Cp31, isolated from a buffalo in Egypt.
