Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Association With Agenesis of Corpus Callosum: Syndromic Links, Difficult Airway Challenges, and Pediatric Anesthesia Management.

Agenesis of corpus callosum (ACC) is a congenital absence of corpus callosum either completely or partially; without deficits in behavior or function during the first two years of life. Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a congenital cardiac defect in which there is persistent contact between the pulmonary artery and the descending thoracic aorta due to failure of the normal physiologic closure of the fetal ductus. This article details a unique case of a three-month-old male infant who was initially diagnosed with PDA and later discovered to have corpus callosum agenesis. The child was posted on a PDA device for closure. Here, we will be discussing syndromic association, difficult airway, procedure-related factors, and pediatric anesthesia management of this rare case.

Pituitary Macroadenoma: A Comprehensive Case Study of Surgical Intervention and Postoperative Management.

This case report presents a comprehensive analysis of a 48-year-old woman diagnosed with pituitary macroadenoma, detailing the clinical presentation, surgical intervention, and postoperative management. The patient exhibited a complex array of symptoms, including persistent headaches, insomnia, and anemia, with a history of trauma and blood transfusion. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) confirmed the presence of a large, lobulated pituitary macroadenoma, prompting a trans-nasal trans-sphenoidal endoscopic excision. The surgical procedure was successful, but postoperative complications, revealed by a CT scan, included hyperdense lesions and mixed-density collections. Incorporating antibiotics, analgesics, antacids, and anti-emetics, vigilant postoperative care addressed these complications. This case underscores the challenges and successes in managing pituitary macroadenomas, highlighting the importance of individualized care, multidisciplinary collaboration, and ongoing research for optimizing patient outcomes. The insights gained from this case contribute to the evolving understanding and refinement of strategies for addressing these complex tumors.

Anaesthetic Management of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) in a Cesarean Section: A Case Report.

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a life-threatening complication of diabetes mellitus that poses unique challenges during pregnancy. We present a case of a 36-year-old pregnant woman with a history of type 1 diabetes mellitus who developed severe DKA at 33.5 weeks of gestation, necessitating an emergency cesarean section. Despite a known history of diabetes, the patient's infrequent clinic attendance and suboptimal disease management contributed to her critical condition. DKA was promptly diagnosed, and a multidisciplinary team comprising obstetricians, endocrinologists, anesthesiologists, and neonatologists collaborated to provide comprehensive care. The preoperative assessment revealed dehydration and electrolyte imbalances, necessitating meticulous planning for IV fluid administration and hemodynamic stability during the cesarean section. Regional anaesthesia was chosen as the anaesthetic approach, and close postoperative monitoring was initiated. The neonate, delivered with satisfactory Apgar scores, was transferred to the neonatal ICU for observation. The patient's gradual clinical improvement over 48 hours demonstrated the importance of ongoing care. This case highlights the significance of early recognition, multidisciplinary teamwork, and meticulous perioperative care in managing DKA during pregnancy, ensuring favourable outcomes for both the mother and the neonate.