RESUMO
BACKGROUND: In recent years, numerous scientists have gained interest in nanotechnology- based systems, especially for biomedical applications. Then, nanocarriers present tunable abilities and can be easily functionalized to target specific epithelial cells, tissues, and organs, while various materials can be chosen and generate nanosized particles. At present, nanoparticles that possess bioadhesion have been studied as potent drug carriers since they can easily penetrate and target organs. OBJECTIVE: Aim of this study was to explore the various applications of the bioadhesive nanoparticles found in the literature. METHODS: Authors have studied the literature finding that bioadhesive nanoparticles can be administered via routes such as oral, topical, ocular, dermal, vaginal, etc., according to the clinician's opinion and treatment choice. Therefore, the knowledge of general characteristics of bioadhesive nanoparticles, the bioadhesion theory, and other properties of nanoparticles should be known for developing innovative bioadhesive drug nanocarriers. RESULTS: In this review article, the authors state the current knowledge of theories. In addition, the present categories of nanoparticles and their basic characteristics are also discussed. Finally, the biomedical applications of bioadhesive nanocarriers and the several administration routes are extensively reviewed. CONCLUSION: The review article aims to cover the most current bioadhesive nanoparticles for drug delivery to assist any scientist who desires to study or develop innovative bioadhesive formulations.
