Uterine lithiasis, management by hysteroscopy: Case report and literature review.

The presence of calculi inside the uterine cavity is an uncommon finding, with few cases described in the literature. Here, we present a clinical case of a 30-year-old patient with uterine lithiasis. The patient presented with 3 months of evolution, characterized by abdominal pain in the hypogastrium, with a report of transvaginal ultrasound of hematometra with suggestive images of endometrial polyps. For this reason, she was scheduled for hysteroscopy, where three lesions of hard consistency were found, with the largest 1.5 cm. Currently, due to the few cases of uterine lithiasis described, there is no explanation of how the stones are formed in the uterine cavity. The age of the patient in this case report and the absence of predisposing factors for uterine calcifications reported in the literature is striking, which leads us to propose a hypothesis of the origin of uterine lithiasis, which is related to the history of cesarean section and the presence of hematometra, such hematic retention could have predisposed to the development of calculi in this patient. Uterine lithiasis is an extremely rare entity with few published cases; therefore, further studies are necessary.

Revisión de los criterios diagnósticos para el síndrome de ovario poliquístico / Review of diagnostic criteria for polycystic ovary syndrome

Resumen El síndrome de ovario poliquístico, es la alteración endocrina metabólica más frecuente en mujeres en edad fértil, teniendo implicaciones a nivel reproductivo, metabólico, cardiovascular y psicosocial. Actualmente, su sobrediagnóstico corresponde a una problemática común derivada de la heterogeneidad en la aplicación de los criterios actualmente avalados para su hallazgo, lo que ha contribuido en el incremento de tratamientos innecesarios, así como los efectos negativos en la calidad de vida y el bienestar de las pacientes falsamente calificadas con este trastorno. Se realizó una búsqueda en PubMed-MENDELEY y Ovid entre los meses de Febrero a Abril del 2020, obteniendo 43 artículos relacionados con el tema, publicados en los últimos 10 años. El conocimiento por parte del personal médico capacitado sobre los consensos actuales para la correcta evaluación del síndrome y el estudio individualizado de cada caso, corresponden las medidas más apropiadas para la reducción del sobrediagnóstico. MÉD.UIS.2020;33(3):21-28

Abstract Polycystic ovary syndrome is the most frequent metabolic endocrine disorder in women of childbearing age, having implications at both the reproductive, metabolic, cardiovascular and psychosocial levels. Currently, its overdiagnosis corresponds to a common problem derived from the heterogeneity in the application of the criteria currently endorsed for its discovery, which has contributed to the increase in unnecessary treatments, as well as the negative effects on the quality of life and well-being of falsely rated patients with this disorder. A search was made in PubMed-MENDELEY and Ovid between the months of February to April of 2020, obtaining 43 articles related to the topic, published in the last 10 years. The knowledge on the part of the trained medical personnel about the current consensuses for the correct evaluation of the syndrome and the individualized study of each case, correspond to the most appropriate measures for the reduction of this event. MÉD.UIS.2020;33(3):21-28

Sangrado uterino anormal y PALM COEIN / Abnormal uterine bleeding and PALM COEIN

Resumen OBJETIVO: Comunicar la nueva terminología del sangrado uterino anormal y de la clasificación PALM COEIN. MÉTODO: Búsqueda bibliográfica de artículos publicados en inglés o español con la palabra clave PALM COEIN. Desde el primer artículo publicado en 2010 hasta 2018 en las bases de datos MedLine, PubMed, Embase y Ovid. RESULTADOS: Se reunieron 64 artículos, pero solo 18 mencionaban el término, 24 eran repetidos. Se seleccionaron 22 que trataban el tema en estudio y eran referidos con la clasificación actual, de esos trabajos 6 eran de cohorte, 2 de revisión sistemática, 2 boletines y 12 revisiones de tema. CONCLUSIÓN: Esta nueva terminología facilitará el entendimiento y la comunicación, independiente del idioma y la cultura, además del acercamiento más entendible con nuestras pacientes. La clasificación PALM COEIN facilita la investigación epidemiológica, etiológica y el tratamiento de las pacientes con sangrado uterino anormal.

Abstract OBJECTIVE: To update the new terminology of abnormal uterine bleeding and the PALM COEIN classification METHOD: Bibliographic search of articles published in English or Spanish with the keyword PALM COEIN. From the first article published in 2010 to 2018 in the MedLine, PubMed, Embase and Ovid databases. RESULTS: 64 articles were collected, but only 18 mentioned the term, 24 were repeated. 22 were selected that dealt with the subject under study and were referred to with the current classification, of these works 6 were cohort, 2 systematic review, 2 newsletters and 12 theme reviews. CONCLUSION: This new terminology will facilitate understanding and communication, independent of language and culture, in addition to the most understandable approach with our patients. This classification of PALM COEIN facilitates the epidemiological, etiological investigation and treatment of patients with abnormal uterine bleeding.