Effects of Afobazole on Postnatal Development of Rat Offspring.

Physical development, development of sensory and motor reflexes, behavioral and mnestic patterns were studied infantile and juvenile rat pups born by female rats receiving Afobazole during pregnancy. Physical development and development of sensory and motor reflexes in rats were completed without pathologies by the age of 2 months. During the infantile period, the rat pups demonstrated reduced body weight gain, delayed eye opening and pupillary response formation, decreased muscle force, and suppressed motor behavior. During the juvenile period, body weight gain and development of motor behavior were intensified. Females demonstrated later vagina opening and poorer mnestic responses. In males, the terms of sexual maturation were unchanged and processes of learning and memory retrieval were not impaired.

[PHYSICAL AND BEHAVIORAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE OFFSPRING OF FEMALE RATS TREATED WITH AFOBAZOLE DURING PREGNANCY.]

It is experimentally established that afobazole produces no damaging action on the organogenesis and fetogenic processes registered in the postnatal period of rat offspring development. It was noted that, in rat babies in lactation age, the dynamics of body weight gain was lower on average by 7.4% (p < 0.05) in males and 17.0% (p < 0.001) in females; the rate of muscular force maturing was lower by 2.7% (p < 0.05); and the locomotive activity was lower (by 19.4% for ver- tical standings and by 50% for looking into floor holes, p < 0.05) compared to control values. For the same offspring passed to definitive food, the body weight gain and behavioral activity did not differ from control indicators, while the terms of sexual development were delayed in females and did not change in males. By two-month age, the physical development of rat offspring was completely created and met physiological standards.

[Influence of Adamantilbromphenylamine on Parameters of Immunity and Symptoms of Asthenia in Patients with Non-Psychotic Mental Disorders].

OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to assess effect of antiasthenic drug adamantilbromphenylamine on the immune system and symptoms of asthenia in patients with non-psychotic mental disorders and to reveal possible criteria for prediction of treatment efficiency. METHODS: Uncontrolled study with interrupted time series was carried out. According to efficiency of treatment patients were divided into two groups (group 1 (n=21)--very much improved and much improved; group 2 (n=9)--minimally improved). Adamantilbromphenylamine was administered to patients as a monotherapy 100 mg a day for 28 days. Examination was conducted before and after therapy. Severity of asthenic symptoms according to MFI-20 scale was identified; cellular and humoral immunity parameters, mitogen-induced production of interleukins (IL) 1ß and IL 4 by immunocompetent cells of patients were assessed. RESULTS: 30 patients with non-psychotic mental disorders with predominance of asthenic symptomatology in clinical picture of the disease were examined. Before therapy every proband had over 60 points across 5 items of MFI-20 scale. As compared with control decrease of number of lymphocytes of CD3+-, HLA-DR+, CD16+-phenotypes; increase in the ratio of CD4+/CD8+; concentration of serum IgM; phagocytic activity of neutrophils were revealed. In the end of therapy in group 1, sum total of points of asthenia decreased up to 26(23-37) (p<0.001); in group 2--up to 57(47-61). Only in group 1 positive dynamic of immune parameters was revealed. It was shown that baseline level of proinflammatory cytokine IL 1ß in group with apparent therapeutic effect of the drug was reliably lower, than in group with minimal improvement (p=0.005). These differences remained also after course of therapy (p=0.042). CONCLUSION: Interrelationship of clinical-immunological effect of adamantilbromphenylamine has been revealed; intensity of production of IL 1ß may be considered as a criterion of prognosis of efficiency of treatment with adamantilbromphenylamine in patients with non-psychotic mental disorders.

Effects of Impaza on the Generative Function of Female Rats.

The effects of impaza on ovulatory cycles, sexual behavior, and conception processes were studied in female rats. A two-week course of impaza in doses of 3 and 15 ml/kg did not affect alternation of estrous cycle phases, the incidence of estrus reducing. Sexual behavior of these females was characterized by activation of the receptive sexual motivations; conception was characterized by a higher fertility index and a lower fetal mortality.

Effects of a New Benzimidazole Derivative on Generative Function of Female Rats.

The effects of a new thietanylbenzimidazole derivative (K-134) on estrous cycles, conception processes, and sexual behavior of female rats were studied. Two-week oral treatment with K-134 in doses of 5 and 50 mg/kg shortened the estrus phase and prolonged proestrus. Changes in sexual behavior were presented by activation of receptive sexual motivations without affecting proceptive motivations. The pregnancy and fertility indexes in experimental females after mating with intact males increased and pre- and postimplantation embryonic death decreased.

Effect of afobazole administered to pregnant rats during organogenesis on prenatal development of fetuses.

Experiments on pregnant rats have demonstrated the absence of damaging effect of Afobazole administered during the antenatal period on organogenesis in fetuses. Afobazole in a dose of 5 mg/kg given to pregnant rats on gestation days 6-16 reduced pre- and post-implantation fetal mortality and improved fertility; 20-day-old embryos had no developmental abnormalities and did not differ from controls by craniocaudal size, body weight, and skeleton ossification. Afobazole in a dose of 100 mg/kg reduced pre- and post-implantation fetal mortality, but had no effect on fertility. No congenital malformations were found in the fetuses, but they were characterized by lower craniocaudal size, body weight, and number of ossification foci in the sternum and spine.

Effects of chronic treatment with the eNOS stimulator Impaza on penis length and sexual behaviors in rats with a high baseline of sexual activity.

Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) has an important role in erection, and it also affects aspects of sexual behavior. In this experiment, we determined whether a compound enhancing the activity of eNOS, Impaza, could stimulate any aspect of sexual behavior and increase penis length in rats with a high baseline of sexual activity. For comparison, the PDE5 inhibitor sildenafil was included. Male rats were orally treated with Impaza or sildenafil for 28 days. Impaza (3 ml kg(-1)) was given daily while sildenafil (3 mg kg(-1)) was given twice weekly. Tests for sexual incentive motivation and copulatory behavior were performed just before drug treatment and at days 7, 14 and 28 of treatment. In addition, the length of the protruding penis at mount, intromission and ejaculation was measured. Impaza but not sildenafil increased penis length at mount after 14 and 28 days of treatment. The compounds failed to modify sexual incentive motivation or copulatory behavior. It is suggested that Impaza enhanced intracavernous pressure, as such a pressure increase is the most likely explanation for enhanced penis length at mount. This effect, together with an absence of motivational actions, suggests that Impaza may be the most valuable treatment for erectile dysfunction.

Experimental study of the effects of Dietressa, a new weight-reducing drug.

The capacity of a new drug containing ultra-low doses of antibodies to cannabinoid receptor type 1 (Dietressa) to reduce body weight gain in mice on a high-calorie diet was evaluated, possible mechanisms of drug action were analyzed, and its safety (abuse potential in the reaction of self-stimulation) was evaluated. Dietressa was not inferior to sibutramine in reducing body weight gain in mice and exhibited no abuse potential.

[Study of efficacy of anaferon pediatric in mice infected by pandemic influenza virus A(H1N1/09)v].

AIM: To study efficacy of anaferon pediatric in mice infected by pandemic influenza virus A(H1N1/09)v. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Influenza virus strain A/California/07/2009 (H1N1)v was used. Three groups of BALB/c mice intranasally inoculated with influenza virus were studied. First group received solution of Anaferon pediatric during 5 days before and 8 days after inoculation, 2nd group received Tamiflu during 5 days after inoculation. Distilled water was administered orally to mice from control group. RESULTS: It was shown that Anaferon pediatric used as preventive and treatment agent in mice intranasally inoculated with 100% infectious dose of influenza virus strain A/ California/07/2009 (H1N1)v had antiviral effect, which expressed in 10-fold decreased reproduction of influenza virus in lungs of infected mice compared to control group measured 4, 6, and 8 days after inoculation. CONCLUSION: Use of anaferon pediatric before and after inoculation with influenza virus A(H1N1/09)v was not less effective than use of Tamiflu after inoculation.

Effects of Impaza on sexual behavior in different experimental models.

Experiments on different models for sexual behavior (seasonal and age-related inhibition of sexual function, animals with initially reduced sexual function) showed that ultra-low doses of anti-NO-synthase antibodies (Impaza) stimulate sexual motivation and copulative behavior in rats. The effects of the drug on different aspects of sexual behavior depend on the chosen model.

Anxiolytic activity of tenoten and diazepam depends on conditions in Vogel conflict test.

We compared two modifications of Vogel conflict test and assessed anxyolitic activity of two drugs: diazepam (benzodiazepine anxiolitic) and tenoten (ultra-low doses of antibodies to S-100 protein) in both modifications of the test. It was found that the intensity of anxiolitic effect of the drugs depends on the conditions of Vogel test.

Modification of sulpiride model of benign prostatic hyperplasia for evaluation of the effectiveness of drug therapy.

Specific effects of ultra-low doses of antibodies to prostate-specific antigen obtained from laboratory rats of late reproductive age with sulpiride model of benign prostatic hyperplasia were compared with the results of clinical application of the preparation. Clinical reproducibility of experimental data was proven, which suggests that the developed model is adequate for pilot testing of the effects of pharmacotherapy of this disease.

Antiviral activity of Anaferon (pediatric formulation) in mice infected with pandemic influenza virus A(H1N1/09).

Anaferon (pediatric formulation) administered in the therapeutic-and-prophylactic regimen to mice receiving intranasally 100% infecting dose of A/California/07/2009(H1N1)v influenza virus exhibited an antiviral effect and 10-fold reduced the production of influenza virus in the lungs of infected mice on days 4, 6, and 8 after infection compared to the control (distilled water). The efficiency of Anaferon (pediatric formulation) administered before and after infection with A/California/07/2009(H1N1)v influenza virus was not inferior to the use of Tamiflu after infection.

Some aspects of toxicological activity of kardosten after chronic 6-month administration to rats.

Chronic treatment of rats with kardosten for 6 months had a positive effect on some ECG values and behavior without disordering the hepatorenal functions. All effects of the drug observed during a course of treatment were leveled and the parameters reached the basal values within 2 weeks after drug discontinuation, this confirming its safety.

Application of ultralow doses of antibodies to interferon-gamma in complex therapy of bacterial infections and prophylaxis of bacterial complications.

Comparative placebo-controlled clinical trials on the efficiency and safety of ultralow doses of antibodies to human IFN-gamma (anaferon pediatric formulation and anaferon) and prophylaxis of bacterial complication showed that administration of these preparations in complex therapy of bacterial infection reduced the incidence of bacterial complications of viral infections and considerably decreased the duration of the main clinical symptoms of the disease.

Clinical study of the efficiency and safety of afala in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia.

The use of afala in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia and moderate urination disturbances reduced the symptoms of the disease, improved urodynamic parameters, and increased quality of life. Clinical efficiency of afala was comparable with the efficiency of Serenoa repens extract (reference preparation).

Evaluation of the efficiency and safety of combined treatment with impaza and nitrates in CHD patients with erectile dysfunction.

The safety of combined administration of ultralow doses of antigens to endothelial NO synthase (impaza) and nitrates for the treatment of erectile dysfunction in CHD patients was evaluated in an open non-comparative clinical trial. The efficiency and safety of impaza and the possibility of its administration to patients receiving nitrates were demonstrated.

The use of ultralow doses of antibodies to C-terminal fragment of angiotensin II AT1 receptor (kardos) in the therapy of arterial hypertension.

Kardos monotherapy allows attaining the target levels of systolic and diastolic blood pressure in patients with high-risk and very-high-risk hypertension. We demonstrated excellent tolerability of the preparation in combination with reliable blood pressure decrease over 24 h, during day and night hours.

Pharmacodynamics of kardos administered as monotherapy and in combination with hypothiazide and enalapril in grade I-II arterial hypertension.

Therapy with kardos produced an antiihypertensve effect in patients with grade I-II arterial hypertension. This antiihypertensve effect was considerably potentiated, when kardos was administered in combination with enalapril.