Analysis of Popular Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Content on TikTok.

Researchers used the TikTok platform to investigate the quality of select TikTok educational content regarding gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). One hundred TikTok videos that fit the inclusion criteria were analyzed using DISCERN, a tool that evaluates the quality of consumer health information on the internet. There was no substantial difference in DISCERN scores between physicians and non-physician content creators. Nevertheless, both groups consistently scored low (<3) in areas such as providing sources of information, indicating the publication date of their sources, discussing treatment risks, and outlining potential consequences if no treatment is pursued.

The short- and long-term effect of osteopathic manipulative treatment on pain, and psychosocial factors in adults with chronic low back pain.

CONTEXT: Chronic low back pain (CLBP) has long plagued mankind, but little progress has been made in finding a rational and effective treatment, let alone a common cause. This study is an attempt to fill that void by measuring short- and long-term effects of osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT), including psychosocial and pain reduction in CLBP patients. OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to investigate the effectiveness of neuromusculoskeletal medicine/osteopathic manipulative medicine (OMM) in treating CLBP, with a focus on biopsychosocial (pain sensitivity questionnaire [PSQ]) and pain control in chronic conditions. METHODS: The study involved a large, single cohort observational design of 101 patients. The inclusion criteria for selecting patients targeted those with "nonspecific" CLBP. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) Minimum Dataset for Chronic Low Back Pain (NMD) was the measurement tool and was administered at consent (baseline), 2, 4, and 8 weeks and at 6 and 12 months. Time trends were analyzed as overall mean. Pairwise differences were compared between time points. Mixed-effects models were utilized to test the association of time with pain and biopsychosocial scores. RESULTS: Pain and PSQ scores decreased over the study timeline. The most significant change for both pain and biopsychosocial scores occurred at 6 months compared to baseline, with a further reduction at 12 months. CONCLUSIONS: OMT has been demonstrated to significantly reduce pain and psychosocial factors related to CLBP in both the short and long term.

The Surprising Dynamics of the McLafferty Rearrangement.

We report femtosecond time-resolved measurements of the McLafferty rearrangement following the strong-field tunnel ionization of 2-pentanone, 4-methyl-2-pentanone, and 4,4-dimethyl-2-pentanone. The pump-probe-dependent yields of the McLafferty product ion are fit to a biexponential function with fast (∼100 fs) and slow (∼10 ps) time constants, the latter of which is faster for the latter two compounds. Following nearly instantaneous ionization, the fast time scale is associated with rotation of the molecule to a six-membered cyclic intermediate that facilitates transfer of the γ-hydrogen, while the ∼50-100 times longer time scale is associated with a π-bond rearrangement and bond cleavage between the α- and ß-carbons to produce the enol cation. These experimental measurements are supported by ab initio molecular dynamics trajectories, which further confirm the time scale of this important stepwise reaction in mass spectrometry.

What is the Mechanism of H3+ Formation from Cyclopropane?

We examine the possibility that three hydrogen atoms in one plane of the cyclopropane dication come together in a concerted "ring-closing" mechanism to form H3+, a crucial cation in interstellar gas-phase chemistry. Ultrafast strong-field ionization followed by disruptive probing measurements indicates that the formation time of H3+ is 249 ± 16 fs. This time scale is not consistent with a concerted mechanism, but rather a process that is preceded by ring opening. Measurements on propene, an isomer of cyclopropane, reveal the H3+ formation time to be 225 ± 13 fs, a time scale similar to the H3+ formation time in cyclopropane. Ab initio molecular dynamics simulations and the fact that both dications share a common potential energy surface support the ring-opening mechanism. The reaction mechanism following double ionization of cyclopropane involves ring opening, then H-migration, and roaming of a neutral H2 molecule, which then abstracts a proton to form H3+. These results further our understanding of complex interstellar chemical reactions and gas-phase reaction dynamics relevant to electron ionization mass spectrometry.

Analyzing the Content Found on Fellowship Websites for Adult Congenital Heart Disease.

The Adult Congenital Heart Disease (ACHD) fellowship is a two-year fellowship that can be done by physicians who have finished their internal medicine residency and cardiology fellowship. This study evaluated the accessibility and provided information on the websites of the ACHD fellowship programs to identify potential areas of improvement for future fellowship applicants. Analysis of 25 ACHD fellowship program websites was conducted based on 34 criteria under three main categories: recruitment information, education and research information, and incentive information. This study found that many evaluated ACHD program websites lacked information regarding recruitment. Specifically, information regarding mentorship opportunities, hospital statistics/number of beds, selection process, and interview dates, leaving out crucial details on what to expect during the matching process. Additionally, more information on education and research is beneficial for applicants to sufficiently compare ACHD fellowship programs and make more informed decisions about which programs they would like to apply to. Information on academic stipends, evaluation criteria, expected caseload, moonlighting opportunities, elective opportunities, rotation schedules, call requirements, and types of procedures were all limited across multiple websites. Lastly, incentive information was found to be insufficient across most ACHD fellowship websites. Incentive information included fellow wellness, harassment policies, parental leave, salary, benefits, and vacation/sick leave. This study shows that ACHD fellowship programs need to supply more information on their websites to provide applicants with details to help them choose the fellowship program that corresponds best with their career goals. Expanding upon information regarding recruitment, education, research, and incentives will provide applicants with a strong understanding of ACHD fellowship programs and what they can expect throughout their education. In return, this will help ACHD fellowship programs attract stronger applicants, ultimately improving the quality of their respective programs.

Musculoskeletal Oncology Fellowship Websites: A Comprehensive Assessment and Cross-Sectional Content Analysis.

This manuscript evaluates the utility of Musculoskeletal Oncology (MSK Oncology) fellowship program websites and identifies areas for improvement. This study identified 20 MSK Oncology programs using two public databases, allocated 45 criteria domains into 6 categories, and evaluated each program independently. MSK Oncology programs had limited information (34%) on their websites, particularly under the "People" category. It is recommended that programs include more information about current fellows and their training background, faculty publications, and alumni descriptions. MSK Oncology program websites should contain necessary information for prospective applicants, particularly considering the increased virtual world during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Websites should be more comprehensive for applicants in their process of choosing their preferred programs and submitting their rank order lists.