[Hypolipidemic effect of gevilon]. / Osobennosti gipolipidemicheskogo deistviia preparata gevilona.

The drug gevilon that produces hypolipidemic effects has been clinically tested. The drug was used to treat 53 patients suffering from coronary heart disease, hypertensive disease with severe lipid metabolic disturbances. Gevilon has been found to have a hypolipidemic effect in reducing the levels of total cholesterol, beta-cholesterol, triglycerides, increasing alpha-cholesterol levels and normalizing the atherogenicity coefficient. The hypolipidemic effect of the drug is the most pronounced in Type IIb dyslipoproteinemia. Gevilon is well tolerated by patients, it can be used in combination with the drugs given in the complex therapy for coronary heart disease and hypertension.

[Effect of corinfar on the dynamic function and various indices of glycolysis and glycogenolysis in the thrombocytes of patients with unstable stenocardia]. / Vliianie korinfara na dinamicheskie funktsii i nekotorye pokazateli glikoliza i glikogenoliza trombotsitov u bol'nykh nestabil'noi stenokardiei.

An increase in the aggregation properties of platelets accompanied by the activation of glycogenolysis and glycolysis was established in patients with unstable angina as compared to a control group of healthy persons. In most cases corinfar therapy resulted in a positive time course of the main platelet indices and a marked improvement of the patients' status. The correlation between the platelet aggregation index and phosphorylase A activity and their association with a course of disease indicated an opportunity of using these indices as accessory diagnostic criteria and control over therapeutic efficacy in unstable angina.

[Effect of arginine on the lipid and lipoprotein content of animal blood]. / Vliianie arginina na soderzhanie lipidov i lipoproteidov v syvorotki krovi zhivotnykh.

Arginine decreased cholesterol and triglyceride content in blood sera of intact rats and inhibited the development of hyperlipidemia provoked by Triton WR-1339 injection. In rabbits pretreated with cholesterol arginine diminished the content of blood serum cholesterol and triglycerides. Introduction of arginine to intact and hyperlipidemic guinea pigs decreased the VLDL and increased the HDL level. Under influence of arginine electrophoretic zone of HDL apo A-1 was more pronounced and apo E zone became less distinct in hyperlipidemic guinea pigs.

[Changes in the cholesterol metabolism of rats following sympathetic and parasympathetic denervation of the liver]. / Izmenenie kholesterinovogo obmena u krys pri simpaticheskoi i parasimpaticheskoi denervatsii pecheni.

The rate of cholesterol biosynthesis from 2-14C-acetate and 2-14C-mevalonate te as well as the content of cholesterol in liver tissue and blood plasma (in the fractions of atherogenic lipoproteins) were decreased after partial sympathetic denervation of rat liver tissue caused by dissection of celiac nerves. As shown by ultracentrifugation in stepwise density gradient the intermediate lipoproteins disappeared and the content of low density lipoproteins was decreased; biochemical analyses showed that the content of cholesterol was decreased in the total fractions of low and very low density lipoproteins. Parasympathetic denervation of liver tissue, after bilateral dissection of vagus nerve, showed the opposite effect: the content of cholesterol and the rate of its biosynthesis from 2-14C-acetate were increased in liver tissue, but incorporation of 2-14C-mevalonate into the total nonsaponified lipid fraction was unaltered. Content of the intermediate lipoproteins and of low density lipoproteins as well as of cholesterol in atherogenic lipoproteins were increased in blood plasma.

[Effect of sectioning the celiac and vagus nerves on the activity and isoenzymatic composition of rat liver lactate dehydrogenase]. / Vliianie pererezki chrevnykh i bluzhdaiushchikh nervov na aktivnost' i izofermentnyi sostav laktatdegidrogenazy pecheni krys.

Total activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was increased in rat liver cytoplasm after dissection of nervus celiacus; the enzyme activity was, however, decreased after section of nervus vagus. As showen by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis the alterations in the enzyme activity occurred mainly due to changes in the isoenzyme LDH5, prevailing in this liver fraction. Administration of insulin did not restore the LDH activity, decreased after vagotomy. The suggestion is corroborated that the regulatory effects of sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems on glycolysis are of oppositely directed character.

[Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in rat liver and myocardium following toxic doses of noradrenaline]. / Gliukozo-6-fosfatdegidrogenazy pecheni i serdechnoi myshtsy krys pri vvedenii toksicheskikh doz noradrenalina.

Administration of toxic doses of noradrenaline into rats led to exhaustion of noradrenaline reserves in liver and heart tissues with the simultaneous increase in the activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in the tissues. Actinomycin D, administered together with noradrenaline, completely prevented the elevation of the G6PD activity in the tissues studied. The data obtained suggest that sympathetic nervous system and its mediator are responsible for regulation of the rate of enzymatic protein synthesis in tissues.

[Nature of changes in the activity of certain enzymes of energy metabolism in the liver after partial sympathectomy]. / Kharakter izmenii aktivnosti nekotorykh fermentov energeticheskogo obmena v pecheni posle ee chastichnoi desimpatizatsii

Partial sympathectomy of rat liver, carried out by bilateral section of celiac nerves, caused a distinct increase in the activity of hexokinase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and (less distinctly) of 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase and lactate dehydrogenase in liver tissue. The alterations in glucokinase activity were not statistically significant. Noradrenaline disappeared completely from rat liver after the celiac nerves section. Activities of the above-mentioned enzymes were altered to the same degree in sympathectomized liver of adrenalectomized animals. The increase in the hexokinase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity was prevented by administration of actinomycin D immediately after the section of celiac nerves. The data obtained suggest that after section of liver celiac nerves the alterations in the enzymatic activities are determined by the increase of their biosynthesis and occur as a result of impairment of liver sympathetic innervation.

[Participation of the hypothalamus in regulating the activity of rat liver energy metabolism enzymes]. / Uchastie gipotalamusa v reguliatsii aktivnosti fermentov énergeticheskogo obmena pecheni krysy

In soluble fraction of rat liver studies have been made on the activity of glycolytic enzymes and dehydrogenases of the pentose phosphate pathway 3 and 20 hours after the electrical stimulation of the medial (HVM) and lateral (AHL) structures of the medial hypothalamus via chronically implanted electrodes. Electrical stimulation of the HVM within 3 hours decreased total hexokinase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, and lactate dehydrogenase activities, and to a lower extent -- the activity of glucokinase. This effect was not prevented by the adrenalectomy. During stimulation of the AHL, the decrease of LDH activity was the same, whereas the activity of hexokinase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and glucokinase decreased to a lower extent. Electrical stimulation of the medial hypothalamus within 20 hours decreased the response, this effect being presumably associated with the decrease in the content of endogenous noradrenalin in the liver of animals. The role of the hypothalamus and sympathetic nervous system in regulation of the investigated enzymes of energy metabolism in the liver is discussed.

[Activity of energy metabolism related enzymes in the myocardium and liver following administration of large doses of noradrenaline]. / Aktivnost' nekotorykh fermentov énergeticheskogo obmena v miokarde i pecheni posle vvedeniia bol'shikh doz noradrenalina

The activity of the glycolytic enzymes and of the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PDH) were compared with the content of noradrenaline in rat myocardium and the liver after the intraperitoneal injection of high doses of noradrenaline. It was shown that 24 hours after int noradrenaline injection which caused exhaustion of endogenous catecholamine supply, the lactate content and the activities of lactic dehydrogenase were increased in the myocardium; the activity of hexokinase and G-6-PDH in rat myocardium and the liver were also increased, whereas the glucokinase activity was decreased. In these experiments alterations of the enzyme activities were shown to be similar to the alterations in the dystrophic tissues in which the catecholamine content was sharply decreased. The role of the sympathetic nervous system and its mediators in the mechanism of the enzyme regulation of the energy metabolism in the myocardium and the liver is discussed.

[Hexokinases and glycolysis in embryonic and denervated rat liver]. / Geksokinazy i glikoliz v embrional'noi i denervirovannoi pecheni krys

Certain similarity in the isoenzymic composition of hexokinase (HK) and the rate of glycolysis in embryonic and denervated liver of rats has been revealed. These tissues exhibit high activity of HK-II and especially HK-III, which has the highest affinity to glucose. Depending on the isoenzymic composition of HK, the rate of glycolysis in embryonic and denervated liver is rather intensive even at low external concentrations of glucose and is not significantly affected by the increase in the level of the latter. It is suggested that the observed similarity results from a reduced activity of the sympathetic nervous system. This conclusion is confirmed by low catecholamine content in the tissues studied.