Grape seed proanthocyanidins regulate mitophagy of endothelial cells and promote wound healing in mice through p-JNK/FOXO3a/ROS signal pathway.

Skin wound healing is a dynamic and complex process that involves multiple physiological and cellular events. Grape seed proanthocyanidins (GSP) have strong anti-oxidation and elimination of oxygen free radicals, and have been shown to significantly promote wound healing, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Studies have indicated that reactive oxygen species (ROS) acts as an upstream signal to induce mitophagy, suggesting that GSP can regulate mitophagy through the signal pathway. This study aimed to investigate whether GSP regulates mitophagy by down-regulating oxidative stress to promote wound healing. In vivo, GSP treatment accelerated wound healing, granulation tissue formation, collagen deposition, and angiogenesis in mice. Moreover, GSP down-regulated ROS levels and promoted the expression of antioxidant proteins by up-regulating the expression of p-JNK/FOXO3a protein, thereby regulating the expression of mitophagy-related proteins. In vitro, 4 µg/mL GSP showed no apparent toxic effects on cells and effectively reduce the oxidative stress damage of cells induced by H2O2. Western blot and superoxide anion fluorescence probe further confirmed that GSP effectively reduced Dihydroethidium content and up-regulated the expression of antioxidant proteins by activation of p-JNK/FOXO3a protein expression, thereby regulating mitophagy. Taken together, the findings from in vitro and in vivo experiments provide new insights into the promotion of wound healing by GSP.

Research of influence and mechanism of combining exercise with diet control on a model of lipid metabolism rat induced by high fat diet.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the influence and mechanism of combining exercise with diet control on a model of lipid metabolism rat induced by high fat diet. METHODS: Twenty-four male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups of 8: normal, model and intervention. The model group and intervention group were fed with high fat diet, while the normal group received basal feed. From day 1, the intervention group was randomly given interventions such as swimming exercise and dietary restriction. The interventions duration were 28 days. At the end of the experiment, the levels of rats' body weight and liver weight were detected, the serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and hepatic triglyceride content (TG) were detected by using biochemical assay, serum level of gastrin (GAS), motilin (MTL) were assayed by the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: Compared with the level of body weight and liver weight in the normal rats, body weight and liver weight in the rat of the model group were significantly increase (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Plasma concentrations of TC, LDL-C and hepatic TG in the model group were significantly increased compared with those in the normal group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The contents of GAS, MTL, HDL-C in the model rats'plasma were significantly reduced compared with those of the normal group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Compared with those in the model group, rats' body weight, liver weight, serum TC, LDL-C, and TG content of liver in the intervention group decreased significantly (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Meanwhile, serum content of GAS, MTL, HDL-C were significantly improved in the intervention rats compared to the model group. CONCLUSION: The action of combining exercise with diet control for lipid metabolism disorder might be related to regulation of GAS, MTL and other gastrointestinal hormones.

The model of rat lipid metabolism disorder induced by chronic stress accompanying high-fat-diet.

OBJECTIVE: To develop an animal model of Lipid Metabolism Disorder, which conforms to human clinical characteristic. METHODS: There were 24 male Wistar rats that were randomly divided into 3 groups with 8 rats in each. They were group A (normal diet), group B (high-fat-diet), group C (chronic stress+ high-fat-diet). Group A was fed with normal diet, while group B and C were fed with high-fat-diet, going on for 55 days. From the 35th day, group B and C received one time of daily chronic stress, going on for 21 days. After that, the activities of the serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and the levels of the serum triglyceride (TG), Cholesterol (Ch), high-density lipoprotein-Cholesterol (HDL-C) and liver TG were evaluated. RESULTS: Compared with group A, the activities of the serum ALT and AST, and the levels of the serum CH, TG, HDL-C and liver TG were found to be markedly increased, when the level of HDL-C was markedly decreased in group B and C, and the results of group C was more obviously. CONCLUSION: Chronic stress and high-fat-diet have the synergistic action in rat's Lipid Metabolism Disorder. They lead to a model of Lipid Metabolism Disorder, which conforms to human clinical characteristic much better.

Clinical observation on the relation between tongue petechia and gynecologic tumor and dysmenorrhea / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective To discuss the relation between gynecologic tumor and dysmenorrheal and tongue petechia, make clear the diagnostic value of tongue petechia in gynecology department tumor and dysmenorrheal, and provide theoretic basis for diagnosing gynecologic diseases by TCM. Methods A total of 169 patients with gynecologic tumor and dysmenorrheal were set as a treatment group, and a total of 211 patients who excluded the tongue signs of gynecologic tumor and dysmenorrheal were set as a control group. Tongue petechias were identified and compared between the two groups. Results ①Probability of tongue petechia showed a significantly higher value in the treatment group than the control group. (P<0.01) ; ②Probability of tongue petechia showed a significantly higher value of patients with tumor in the treatment group than patients with other gynecologic diseases in the control group (P< 0.05) ; ③Probability of tongue petechia showed a significantly higher value of patients with dysmenorrhea in the treatment group than patients with other gynecologic diseases in the control group (P<0.01). Conclusion ①Relevant researche of gynecologic tumor, dysmenorrheal and tongue petechia at the tip of tongue was based on TCM theory, diagnostics and clinical experiences. The data of this study has proven this diagnostic method.②Compared with other kinds of diseases, gynecologic tumor and dysmenorrheal showed a higher probability in the appearance of tongue petechia. Therefore, petechia at the tip of tongue can be used as one of diagnostic references for gynecologic tumor and dysmenorrheal.

Effects of Qushi Huayu Decoction in prevention and treatment of fatty liver in rats based on adiponectin-free fatty acid pathway / 中西医结合学报

To explore the effects of Qushi Huayu Decoction (QSHYD), a compound traditional Chinese herbal medicine, in prevention and treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in rats.

Research of Herba Artemisiae Scoporiae inhibits the hepatic lipotoxicity / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the efficiency and effect mechanism of Herba Artemisiae Scoporiae inhibits the hepatic lipotoxicity model in vitro.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Preparation rat regular serum and medicine serum. Under the safty of medicine thickness by toxicity testing, normal and model groups were added 10% normal rat serum, Herba Artemisiae Scoporiae group was added 10% medicine serum incubation for 24 h, FFA was added to all the groups but the normal incubation for 24 h. The indices were tested below: the content of serum tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) by ELISA, cellular triglyceride content (TG), Oil Red Staining; protein expression of cellular Bcl-2 Assaciated X protein (Bax), phospho-IKB (P-IkappaB) and Cathepsin B (ctsb) by Western Blotting; gene expression of cellular TNF-alpha, Bax and ctsb by real-time PCR; the expression and distribution of ctsb observed by immunofluorescence.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>After being incubated with FFA for 24 hours, TG deposition of HepG2 in the model group increased markedly. Compared with normal group, not only the content of serum TNF-alpha, but also the protein expression of cellular ctsb, P-IkappaB and mRNA expression of ctsb, TNF-a increased significantly. Contrast to model group, TG deposition decreased markedly in the Herba Artemisiae Scoporiae group. The Herba Artemisiae Scoporiae inhibited TNF-alpha content, the protein expression of cellular ctsb, P-IkappaB and mRNA expression of TNF-alpha significantly.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Herba Artemisiae Scoporiae has a direct inhibition on HepG2 steatosis and TNF-alpha secretion induced by long-chain FFA. The effect mechanism of Herba Artemisiae Scoporiae inhibits the hepatic lipotoxicity has close relationship with inhibition on the protein expression and mRNA expression of ctsb.</p>

Effects of Qushi Huayu Decoction on cathepsin B and tumor necrosis factor-alpha expression in rats with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis / 中西医结合学报

OBJECTIVE: To study the mechanism of Qushi Huayu Decoction (QHD), a compound of traditional Chinese herbal medicine, in prevention and treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). METHODS: Thirty-five Wistar male rats were randomly divided into normal group, untreated group, QHD group and Ganle (diisopropylamine dichloroacetate) group. The rats except those in normal group were subcutaneously injected with carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4)) for 4 weeks (twice per week) and simultaneously fed with high-fat and low-protein diet for 2 weeks to induce NASH. Then, the rats were administrated with QHD, Ganle, or distilled water for 2 weeks, respectively. After harvest, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) content in serum as well as triglyceride (TG) and free fatty acid (FFA) in liver tissue were evaluated, and relativity analysis among these parameters was performed. Cathepsin B (Ctsb), phospho-inhibitor kappa B (P-IkappaB), TNF-alpha protein expressions in liver tissue were assayed with western-blot. The expression and distribution of ctsb in liver tissue were observed with immunohistochemical method. RESULTS: The contents of TG, FFA and activity of ALT were significantly decreased in QHD group. While in the Ganle group, only the activity of ALT in serum was decreased significantly. Expressions of Ctsb, P-IkappaB and TNF-alpha proteins in liver tissues and serum TNF-alpha level were all enhanced in untreated group which, however, were significantly inhibited in the QHD group. And as expected, there were significant relativities among contents of TG in liver tissues and the content of FFA in liver tissue and activity of ALT in serum, content of TNF-alpha in serum and content of FFA in liver tissue and activity of ALT in serum. CONCLUSION: The inhibiting effects of QHD on fat deposition and inflammation in liver are related with its inhibition on the "FFA-Ctsb-TNF-alpha" pathway of lipo-toxicity.

Inhibitory effects of Yinchenhao Decoction on fatty deposition and TNF-? secretion in HepG2 cells induced by free fatty acid / 中华中医药杂志

Objective:To study the effects of effective herbs in Yinchenhao Decoction(YD)on fatty deposition and TNF-?secretion of hepatic lipo-toxicity model in vitro.Methods:TG and TNF-?as the inspection target,apply the steatosis with TNF-?secretion lipo-toxicity model in vitro of HepG2 induced by long-chain FFA and uniform design U7(76)form for YD,which had 3 herbs,to compound 6 kinds of different prescriptions,in order to look for the effective herbs or optimized group in YD.Results:The Chinese medicine Yinchen and its optimized group-Yinchen and Zhizi combination can remarkably reduce the TG and TNF-?content.Conclusion:The Chinese medicine Yinchen and its optimized group-Yinchen and Zhizi combination were effective herbs in YD for inhibiting fatty deposition and TNF-?secretion of hepatic lipo-toxicity model in vitro.