A Qualitative Study on the Experience of Assisted Reproductive Technology in Women with Dyspareunia.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the phenomenon of sexual intercourse-related fear among women utilizing assisted reproductive technology due to dyspareunia. The primary objective is to offer insights that can inform the development of targeted nursing interventions. Methods: Employing a purposive sampling approach, a cohort of 23 female patients experiencing dyspareunia and undergoing treatment at the Reproductive Medicine Center of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, between July 2022 and December 2022, were selected as participants for this research. Semi-structured, in-depth interviews were conducted to gather qualitative data. The Colaizzi 7-step analysis method was subsequently applied to scrutinize the interview transcripts and identify emergent themes. Results: The analysis yielded five prominent themes: psychological disturbances, incongruent cognitive perceptions, anticipations regarding conception, insufficient adaptive responses, and sexual expectations. Conclusion: It is imperative for medical practitioners to demonstrate reverence for patients' sexual beliefs and conditions, attune to their apprehensions, and offer efficacious emotional support. Tailored and multifaceted sexual health knowledge should be dispensed based on patients' individual requirements and their envisioned sexual experiences, thereby fostering spousal and familial harmony. By prioritizing patients' sexual well-being, cultivating a compassionate medical milieu, and augmenting the quality of assisted reproductive services, comprehensive improvements can be achieved.

Realization of carrier envelope phase control in an erbium-doped all-fiber comb via an intracavity electrical polarization controller.

We present an erbium-doped all-fiber comb that is realized via intracavity piezoelectric mechanical responses by inserting an electrical polarization controller (EPC) for carrier envelope phase offset (fceo) control and sticking a piezoelectric transducer (PZT) for repetition rate (fr) stabilization. With only three components inside the oscillator, it facilitates an all-fiber comb system with high integration and robustness. Besides fceo control, smart, recoverable, and precise searching of mode-locked states can also be achieved by finely tuning the EPC driving voltages. The fceo signal can be tightly phase-locked due to the 20 kHz 3 dB bandwidth of the EPC device. Compared with the traditional pump feedback mode, the EPC approach exhibits a larger and flatter gain in the near-zero-dispersion zone of the fiber comb, corresponding to less EPC induced intracavity fluctuations. It is also a benefit for reducing cross regulation between fr and fceo in long-term stabilization of the comb.

On the Q-switching bunch dynamics in the build-up of stretched-pulse mode-locking.

In this paper, we experimentally investigate a rich set of Q-switching bunches in the build-up of stretched-pulse mode-locking of an erbium-doped fiber laser. Interestingly, regular clustering of periodic Q-switched mode-locking states is observed in the self-starting process. Moreover, with time-stretch spectroscopy, we record periodic pulse-to-pulse spectral evolution occurring in these turbulent and rapidly-evolving pre-mode-locking states.

Experimental study on polarization evolution locking in a stretched-pulse fiber laser.

Polarization evolution locking (PEL) of a stretched-pulse fiber laser is experimentally investigated with a simple pulse selection method based on a fast electrooptic modulator, capable of revealing the temporal and spectrum evolution of the PEL pulses. Moreover, the wavelength dependence of PEL is observed by spectrally filtering the pulses and is further investigated for individual fiber laser comb lines through beat note measurements with narrow-linewidth cw lasers.

Harmonic mode locking with reduced carrier-envelope phase noise in ytterbium-doped fiber laser.

We experimentally explored the influence of passive harmonic mode locking on the temporal and spectral features of a ytterbium-doped fiber laser. Similar dependences of free-running linewidth of the laser carrier-envelope offset frequency (f0) on the intracavity net dispersion were observed for the fundamental-, second-, and third-order mode-locking states. Due to the reduction of nonlinear effects and supermode phase locking that balanced the third-order dispersion in the fiber cavity, the third-order harmonic mode-locking exhibited the narrowest free-running f0 linewidth of ~120 kHz in the near-zero net dispersion regime.

High-power ultra-broadband frequency comb from ultraviolet to infrared by high-power fiber amplifiers.

A high-power ultra-broadband frequency comb covering the spectral range from ultraviolet to infrared was generated directly by nonlinear frequency conversion of a multi-stage high-power fiber comb amplifier. The 1030-nm infrared spectral fraction of a broadband Ti:sapphire femtosecond frequency comb was power-scaled up to 100 W average power by using a large-mode-area fiber chirped-pulse amplifier. We obtained a frequency-doubled green comb at 515 nm and frequency-quadrupled ultraviolet pulses at 258 nm with the average power of 12.8 and 1.62 W under the input infrared power of 42.2 W, respectively. The carrier envelope phase stabilization was accomplished with an ultra-narrow line-width of 1.86 mHz and a quite low accumulated phase jitter of 0.41 rad, corresponding to a timing jitter of 143 as.

High-power Yb-fiber comb with feed-forward control of nonlinear-polarization-rotation mode-locking and large-mode-area fiber amplification.

We report on a simple scheme to precisely control carrier-envelope phase of a nonlinear-polarization-rotation mode-locked self-started Yb-fiber laser system with an average output power of ∼7 W and a pulse width of 130 fs. The offset frequency was locked to the repetition rate of ∼64.5 MHz with a relative linewidth of ∼1.4 MHz by using a self-referenced feed-forward scheme based on an acousto-optic frequency shifter. The phase noise and timing jitter were calculated to be 370 mrad and 120 as, respectively.

Electronic control of nonlinear-polarization-rotation mode locking in Yb-doped fiber lasers.

We demonstrate a convenient approach to precisely tune the polarization state of a nonlinear-polarization-rotation mode-locked Yb-doped fiber laser by using an electronic polarization controller. It is shown to benefit self-starting of mode-locking states, with precise tuning of the spectral profile, pulse width, and carrier-envelope offset frequency. The pulse width changed linearly by 0.78 ps in the time domain, and the carrier-envelope offset frequency shifted ~77.5 MHz in the frequency domain with a slight change of the driving voltage of 30.7 mV applied on the controller, corresponding to a polarization rotation of 0.0135π. This facilitated precise and automatic regeneration of a particular mode-locking state by setting an accurate voltage at the polarization controller with a programmed microprocessor control unit.