[Exocrine function of the pancreas in rats with experimental obesity].

The influence of neonatal administration of hyperosmolar sodium chloride and sodium glutamate on the exocrine function of the pancreas in rats has been investigated. It was observed the development of acute pancreatitis under experimental obesity. The cross-section area of acini reduced by 12%, the cross-section area of acinocytes nuclei increased by 10%, the length between the lobes of the gland has grown by 48%. The level of amylase was increased by 43%, the levels of pancreatic amylase and lipase were increased by 68% and 24%, respectively.

[The influence of long-term monosodium glutamate feeding on the structure of rats pancreas].

The influence of prolonged administration of monosodium glutamate (MSG) on pancreas in rats was studied. It was established that 30-days feeding by MSG in the doses 15 to 30 mg/kg (equivalent to 1 and 2 g/person) leads to necrotic, necrobiotic and degenerative changes in exocrine and endocrine cells, leukocytic and lymphoid infiltration, perivascular and interstitial fibrosis, edema and discirculatory disorders. Introduction of sodium glutamate increases the cross-sectional area of nuclei ofexocrine and endocrine cells, indicating intensification of synthetic processes in the cells of the pancreas and reduces the cross-sectional area of exocrine pancreatic cells, which is a sign of stimulation of secretory processes in exocrine cells. The changes described are characteristic of the acute pancreatitis. It is concluded that the maximum daily dose of food supplements containing glutamic acid and its salts should be reviewed because of their adverse effects on the pancreas. It is concluded that the maximum dose of MSG should be reconsidered taking into account its influence on the pancreas.

[Physiological properties and possible correction of adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium channel function].

Unique function of ATP-sensitive K channels (K(ATP)) is maintenance of interrelation between a metabolism and excitability of cells of various bodies and fabrics. In smooth muscle cells activation KP channels lead to vasodilatation, in beta-cells of a pancreas these channels play a role in interface of excitability of a membrane and secretion of insulin. Sulfonylurea drugs lowering a level of glucose in blood which use for treatment of a 2 type diabetes,--influence, contacting SUR 1 subunit and oppressing thus a K(ATP) current. It leads to membranes depolarisation, to Ca2+ entrance in cells and secretions of insulin. As opposed to this, diazoxide and pinacidil which reduce allocation of insulin, reduce arterial pressure, are specific K(ATP) activators. These preparations render therapeutic effects, stimulating K(ATP) and as consequence, limit increase of a level intracellular Ca2+ at depolarisation. At an ischemia of heart activation of K(ATP) channels reduces duration of potential of action, and it leads to reduction of Ca2+ entrance and renders cardio protective action. For last years significant successes in understanding of molecular mechanisms, determines K(ATP) channels activity, and in finding-out of their role in physiological and pathological processes are achieved. In this review of the literature the basic achievements in this area, and also problems which should be solved are considered.

[Combined effect of agonists and antagonists of the membranes channels on hemodynamic indices in rats with normal blood pressure and spontaneous hypertension]. / Kompleksnyi vplyv aktyvatoriv i blokatoriv membrannykh kanaliv na pokaznyky hemodynamiky shchuriv z normal'nym arterial'nym tyskom ta zi spontannoiu hipertenziieiu.

It has been investigated the influence of synthesized in Institute of Organic Chemistry NA of Science fluorinated Compound "C" on haemodynamic indexes of normotensive (Wistar) and hypertensive (SHR) rats. Molecules of Compound 'C' contain the blocker of calcium channels foridon and the potassium channels activator flocalin. It was shown that separately used foridon (0.5 mg/kg) and flocalin (which has dose-depended effect) evoke hypertensive reaction, decreasing the total peripheral resistance. They differently affect the systolic blood volume (foridon decreases and flocalin increases) but do not change the heart rate. Compound "C" (0.5 mg/kg) decreases arterial pressure and total peripheral vessels resistance, decreases heart rate and increases systolic blood volume. In hypertensive animals these effects were more pronounced in comparison with normotensive animals.

[Effect of dalargin on the bile acid spectrum in human bile]. / Vplyv dalarhinu na spektr zhovchnykh kyslot u zhovchi liudyny.

Effects were studied of dalargin on the bile acids spectrum in the bile of patients with duodenal ulcer. Dalargin has been shown to increase the bile concentration of tauro- and glycochilates, with the concentration of free bile acids remaining unchanged or being on the decrease.

[Effect of nitric oxide on force-frequency relations in experimental hyperfunction and hypertrophy in the heart muscle]. / Vplyv oksydu azotu na khronoinotropnu zalezhnist' miokarda pry eksperymental'nii hiperfunktsiï ta hipertrofiï sertsia.

The influence of nitric oxide--NO on force-frequency relations in normal and hypertrophy rats isolated papillary muscles were compared using isometric force measurement. Stimulation frequency varied between 0.33 and 3 Hz. In normal conditions rat papillary muscle exhibit a negative force-frequency staircase, which is different from hypertrophy ventricular preparations (force-frequency relations practically be absent). During the incubation of hypertrophy ventricular preparations in nitro-glycerinem-containing solution (NO donator) the force-frequency relations measured on these muscles display the same behaviour as in normal conditions. The application of a caffeine into the bath solution abolishes a negative force-frequency staircase in all bunches of experiments. Under durable infusion of NO-predecessor--L-arginine to the rats (100 mg/kg) with hypertrophy of heart, the papillary muscle exhibits a positive force-frequency staircase. Caffeine did not caused any changes in force-frequency relations on rats ventricular preparations in there conditions. We conclude that the paradoxical response of hypertrophy of hearts is connected to infringements of redistribution of ions Ca between extracellular medium and intracellular stores in a systole and diastole.

[The effect of L-arginine on the development of experimental cardiac hyperfunction and hypertrophy]. / Vplyv L-arhininu na rozvytok eksperymental'noï hiperfunktsiï ta hipertrofiï miokarda.

It was shown, in the investigation on laboratory rats with experimental aortic coarctation, the development of myocardial hyperfunction and hypertrophy before and under the influence of the N kappa--predecessor--L-arginine. It was found that on the 14-20 day after coarctation weight of the heart, especially of the left ventricle, and contractive activity of the papillar muscle realistically increase. Under durable infusion of L-arginine to the rats (100 mg/kg) with aortic coarctation, weight of heart and myocardial contractive activity increase more significantly than without it. N kappa--predecessor secures intracellular structures of the myocardium.

[The effect of membrane channel agonists and antagonists on hemodynamics and vascular tonus]. / Vplyv ahonistiv i antahonistiv membrannykh kanaliv na hemodynamiku ta tonus sudyn.

Compound "C" which was synthesized in Institute of Organic Chemistry NA of Science unite in one molecule remnant of 4-aril-1,4-dihydropyridin kernek cause it as calcium channel block-up property and group of molecule pinacidil which determine if effect as activation potassium channels. This compound cause essential decrease arterial pressure and total periphery resistance of vessels. The decrease this figures of hemodynamic connect with reducing vessels tone. This is proved by substantial decrease contractile activity isolated strips of aorta and portal vein by compound "C". The mechanism reducing tone, as demonstrate investigations on isolated solitary smooth muscle mesenterial arteries, cause with increase potassium current, hyperpolarization of cell's membrane, and with depresses calcium current in L-type Ca(2+) channels.

[Contractility and energy metabolism in human myocardium in normal state and in various stages of cardiac insufficiency]. / Skorotlyva aktyvnist i enerhetychnyi obmin v miokardi liudyny v normi i na riznykh stadiiakh rozvytku sertsevoi nedostatnosti.

Contractile function and metabolism of byoptates of human myocardium were investigated in the control group and at early stages of heart failure development. Support of the myocardial contractile function at the early stage of the heart failure is provided by intensive use of macroergic phosphates and their insufficient resynthesis. At the late stages of myocardial failure deterioration of the heart muscle relaxation was observed as a result of disturbances in transport of high-ergic phosphates to the sites of their utilization.