A distinct electrocardiographic type of acute myocardial infarction determined by collateral flow.

The post-AMI ECG separates patients with ECG changes typical of regional pericarditis (Figure 1A) from patients with typical post-AMI changes (Figure 1B). The ECG pattern of regional pericarditis identifies a transmural AMI which results from a persistent total obstruction of the infarct-related coronary artery and inadequate collateral flow.

In vitro inactivation of aminoglycosides by sulbactam, other beta-lactams, and sulbactam-beta-lactam combinations.

At clinically achievable levels (e.g., 25 micrograms/ml), sulbactam exerted no effect on aminoglycoside concentrations when incubated together in pooled serum at 37 degrees C for up to 24 h. Sulbactam alone and in combination with ampicillin or cefoperazone inactivated tobramycin, gentamicin, netilmicin, and amikacin in vitro when the sulbactam concentration was 200 to 225 micrograms/ml. At 75 micrograms/ml, sulbactam inactivated only tobramycin. Inactivation of tobramycin by high concentrations of sulbactam occurred even at -20 degrees C, but not at -70 degrees C, and was influenced by the serum matrix.

Smoking characteristics of US workers, 1978-1980.

Data from the 1978-1980 National Health Interview Survey smoking questionnaire were used to analyze prevalence and levels of cigarette smoking among groups of US workers. This information is valuable for indirect adjustment in occupational epidemiology studies as well as for describing smoking patterns of workers in a wide range of job settings. Although there was a higher percentage of current smokers among men than women in the general population, there were few differences in prevalence of smoking among men and women for specific occupations. Also, race and employment status had an influence on prevalence of smoking, where both the currently unemployed and blacks generally had a higher proportion of current smokers, although blacks generally had a higher proportion of current smokers, although blacks smoked fewer cigarettes. Industry also played a major role in the variation of smoking habits. For instance, the percentage of current smokers of a given occupation had as much as a 25% difference depending on the industry they were employed, such as 52% vs 26% for managers and administrators. Detailed data will be made available as microcomputer files for interested researchers.

Occupational health and safety risks and potential health consequences perceived by U.S. workers, 1985.

Data from the Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Questionnaire, part of the 1985 National Health Interview Survey, were used to report workers' perceptions of occupational risk in their present jobs. This information will be used to monitor progress between 1985 and 1990 toward achieving broad goals in health promotion and disease prevention. The proportions of currently employed persons who perceived exposure to health-endangering substances, work conditions, or risks of injuries were reported for age, race, sex, and occupation groups. Occupational groups were further characterized by the proportion of men and women who reported specific exposures (such as exposure to chemicals or to loud noise) and specific health consequences of exposure (such as risk of developing cancer or hearing impairment). Greater proportions of men than women reported perceived risk from exposure to health-endangering substances, work conditions, and injuries in their present job. Also, a greater proportion of workers perceived risk of injury in their present job than other occupational risk categories. The greatest proportions of perceived exposure to occupational risk were reported by farm operators and managers, police and firefighters, and by workers in forestry and fishing occupations. Among workers reporting perceived exposures, chemicals, noise, and risk of injuries from vehicles were cited by the greatest proportion of workers, as were such health consequences as lung and respiratory problems and hearing impairment. Data from this study may be used to target employment groups for health promotion or education and to develop indepth studies of specific occupational groups to reduce or prevent risk at the worksite.

Maternal occupation and industry and the pregnancy outcome of U.S. married women, 1980.

Data from the 1980 National Natality and National Fetal Mortality Surveys were used to characterize the occupations of women during the year before delivery; to search for disproportionate numbers of adverse pregnancy outcomes in specific occupational groups; and to compare demographic, reproductive, and lifestyle characteristics of employed mothers to those of mothers not employed in the year before delivery. National estimates were derived from the sample through a complex poststratified ratio adjustment procedure. For all pregnancy outcome groups, the greatest proportion of mothers were employed in three industry categories: professional and related services, wholesale and retail trade, and manufacturing; and in four occupation categories: clerical and kindred workers; professional, technical, and kindred workers; service workers; and operatives. Compared with employed mothers of live-born infants, a greater proportion of employed mothers of low birth weight infants worked full-time but stopped working before the third trimester. Compared with unemployed mothers, a larger proportion of employed mothers were between 20-29 years old, college educated, had a total family income of $21,000 or more per year, received early prenatal care, had no previous pregnancy, and drank alcohol during pregnancy. Estimates from this study may be used to (a) provide a better perspective of the magnitude of reproductive health problems, (b) target certain industrial populations for further research, and (c) assist in identifying causes of reproductive failure.