Effects of ketamine and pentobarbitone on acetylcholine release from the rat frontal cortex in vivo.

We have studied the effects of ketamine and pentobarbitone on acetylcholine (ACh) release from the rat frontal cortex using microdialysis. Ketamine 25, 50 and 100 mg kg-1 increased ACh release from the frontal cortex to 286%, 253% and 381% of basal release, respectively. In contrast, pentobarbitone 10, 20 and 40 mg kg-1 caused 73%, 78% and 96% inhibition of basal levels, respectively. The results suggest that ketamine and pentobarbitone have opposite effects on ACh release from the rat frontal cortex, as seen previously in the rat hippocampus.

[Clinical evaluation of hydroxyapatite implants in human periodontal osseous defects. Clinical observations over a one-year period following surgery].

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of implants of granular hydroxyapatite (HAP). HAP was implanted into twenty-five vertical bone defects of twenty-one patients as bone graft material. Various clinical and radiographic examinations were performed postoperatively over a twelve month period. Redness and swelling of the gingiva, gingival bleeding, postoperative pain and increased tooth mobility developed transiently, but they all recovered in time. Open wounds and out-flow of HAP disappeared within the first month. After twelve months, mean probing depth decrease was 3.7 mm and clinical attachment gain was 2.5 mm. In all cases there was radiographic evidence of alveolar bone repair. These results suggest that HAP is clinically effective as a bone graft in periodontal therapy.