Two cases of respiratory infection due to Pasteurella multocida: Acute and chronic form.

We present two cases of Pasteurella multocida (P. multocida) respiratory infection. The first case involves a 62-year-old female with abnormal chest shadows, a history of bronchial asthma, and colorectal cancer. Endobronchial ultrasound with a guide sheath (EBUS-GS) revealed granulomatous changes, and P. multocida was cultured. The second case is a 64-year-old female presenting to the emergency department with progressively worsening chest pain and dyspnea, with P. multocida detected from her sputum culture. Treatment with penicillin antibiotics resulted in symptom improvement and normalization of CT findings. These cases indicate the importance of considering P. multocida in respiratory infections, given the patients' history of pet ownership and the nonspecific imaging findings and symptoms. This highlights the necessity for accurate diagnosis and appropriate antibiotic treatment, particularly in cases where animal traumatic exposure is not detected.

The liver-to-spleen ratio is a risk factor predicting oxygen demand in COVID-19 patients.

Background: We aimed to investigate risk factors predicting oxygen demand in COVID-19 patients. Methods: Patients admitted to Shizuoka General Hospital with COVID-19 from August 2020 to August 2021 were included. First, we divided patients into groups with and without oxygen demand. Then, we compared patients' clinical characteristics and laboratory and radiological findings to determine factors predicting oxygen demand. Results: One hundred seventy patients with COVID-19 (aged 58±15 years, 57 females) were enrolled. Common comorbidities were cardiovascular diseases (47.6%), diabetes mellitus (28.8%), and dyslipidemia (26.5%). Elder age, higher body mass index, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, lower lymphocyte count, albumin, hepatic attenuation value, and the liver-to-spleen ratio (L/S), higher D-dimer, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, troponin-T, C-reactive protein, KL-6, chest and abdominal circumference, and visceral fat were found in patients with oxygen demand. According to the multivariate logistic regression analysis, L/S, lymphocyte count, D-dimer, and abdominal circumference under the diaphragm were independent risk factors predicting oxygen demand in COVID-19 patients. Conclusions: On admission, L/S, lymphocyte count, D-dimer, and abdominal circumference were predictive factors for oxygen demand. These factors may help in the appropriate triage of COVID-19 patients in the decision to admit them to the hospital.