[Bleomycetin antitumor activity in relation to solid mouse tumors]. / Protivoopukholevaia aktivnost' bleomitsetina v otnoshenii plotnykh opukholei myshei.

The antitumor activity of bleomycetin or bleomycin A5 was studied with respect to sarcoma 180, Garding-Passey melanoma, cervical carcinoma CC-5 and lymphosarcoma L10-1. Bleomycetin showed a high selective effect on the solid form of sarcoma 180. Its activity against Garding-Passeys melanoma and cervical carcinoma CC-5 was lower. Lymphosarcoma L10-1 was most resistant to bleomycetin. The intravenous route of bleomycin administration had no advantages over subcutaneous administration of the antibiotic.

[Antitumor activity of bleomycetin against ascitic tumors in mice]. / Protivoopukholevaia aktivonst' bleomitsetina v otnoshenii astsitnykh opukholei myshei.

When used intraperitoneally in doses of 18.0-0.006 mg/kg daily bleomycetin inhibited th growth of lymphadenosis NK/Li by 90-100 per cent. When used subcutaneously or intravenously in maximum tolerated doses the antibiotic inhibited the development of lymphadenosis NK/Li by 90 and 70 per cent respectively. The antitumor effect of bleomycetin on Ehrlich's carcinoma was somewhat less pronounced. Inhibition of Ehrlich's carcinoma growth by 50-90 per cent was observed with intraperitoneal and subcutaneous use of the antibiotic in doses of 0.2-1.0 and 5.0-13.0 mg/kg respectively. When used intraperitoneally bleomycetin markedly prolonged the life span of mice with lymphocytic leucosis P-388 and was superior by its efficiency to methotrexate used as a reference. On subcutaneous administration the efficiency of the antibiotic was almost the same as that of methotrexate and on intravenous administration it amounted to 70 per cent of the methotrexate efficiency. No effect of bleomycetin on its intraperitoneal use was observed with respect to lymphoid leucosis L-1210.

[Antitumor activity of the components of a carminomycin complex]. / Protivoopukholevaia aktivnost' komponentov karminomitsinovogo kompleksa

The antiblastomic activity of the carminomycin complex components was studied with respect to 8 strains of transplantable tumors of mice: lymphosarcoma L10-1, prestomach cancer OZh-5, sarcoma 180, lymphoid leucosis L 1210, lung bronchogenic cancer RL, lymphodenosis NK/LI, Ehrlich carcinoma and Garding-Passy melanoma. It was shown that components I, II and III possessed almost the same high antiblastomic activity and the same optimal administration schemes should be used for them. The scheme consisted of two-fold administration of the drug at intervals of 96-120 hours. Component I had broader therapeutic ranges and was more active against the lung bronchogenic cancer as compared to component II. All 3 components had no selective antiblastomic effect on the ascitic form of Ehrlich carcinoma. A comparative study of the component toxicity and pharmacology is required for final conclusion as to the recommendation of one of the components for clinical trials.

[Antitumor activity of carminomycin antibiotic used orally]. / Protivoopukholevaia aktivnost' antibiotika karminomitsina pri peroral'nom primenenii

Antitumor activity of karminomycin used perorally was studied with respect to 3 strains of mouse transplantable tumors, i. e. one ascitic strain of lymphadenosis NK/LI and two solid strains of lymphosarcoma L10-1 and sarcoma 180. Karminomycin was shown to have a high antitumor activity against the above tumors on its oral administration. In the experiments with lymphadenosis NK/LI the efficiency of karminomycin was higher when it was used perorally as compared to its intravenous administration. It was found that karminomycin had practically the same inhibitory effect on growth of lymphosarcoma L10-1 and sarcoma 180 on its peroral and intravenous administration in doses equivalent by their toxicity.

[Preparation of dihydrocarminomycin and a comparison of its antitumor activity with the activity of carminomycin]. / Poluchenie digidrokarminomitsina i sravnenie ego protivoopukholevoi aktivnosti s aktivnost'iu karminomitsina

A dihydro derivative of karminomycin was prepared using chemical reduction with potassium boron hydride. When dihydrokarminomycin was administered intravenously to healthy albino mice in a single dose it practically showed the same toxicity as karminomycin. However, unlike the latter dihydrokarminomycin induced the death of the animals at later periods of time. Studies on mice with transplantable tumours showed high antitumor activity of dihydrokarminomycin against lymphosarcoma L10-1, sarcoma 180, Garding-Passy melanoma, lymphoid leukosis L-1210 and lymphocytal leukosis P-388. In treatment of the mice with leukosis L-1210 and Garding-Passy melanoma dihydrokapminomycin was much inferior by its efficiency than karminomycin.

[Cross resistance in tumor cells and staphylococci with respect to anthracycline-group antineoplastic antibiotics]. / Izuchenie perekrestnoi ustoichivosti u opukholevykh kletok i stafilokokkov v otnoshenii protivoopukholevykh antibiotikov iz gruppy antratsiklinov

The variants of the tumor cells of Fisher lymphadenosis, strain L-5178 and Staph. aureus resistant to rubomycin simultaneously became partially less sensitive to adriamycin. Sensitivity to karminomycin in the rubomycin resistant strains did not practically change as compared to the sensitivity of the initial strains. Sensitivity to adriamycin and rubomycin in Staph. aureus decreased 67 and 4 times respectively after 7 passages on media with increasing concentrations of adriamycin, while sensitivity to karminomycin decreased only 1.5 times, i.e. remained practically unchanged. After 22 passages of Staph. aureus to karminomycinrubomycin and adriamycin decreased 16, 67 and 33 times respectively. The results of the study may be explained by differences in the changes of the cell membrane permeability due to the drug effect.