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The classic Astragalus-Cassia twig drug pair has a long history of proven efficacy. However, a fewer studies on material basis of the Astragalus and Cassia twig decoction (ACD) was researched at present. The method of UPLC-Q-TOF-MS for classifying and identifying the main chemical components of ACD was established and the differences in composition between single decoction and co-decoction were compared by using HPLC-UV. The therapeutic role of ACD on type 2 diabetes (T2D) rats was investigated. Thirty-five compounds were resolved from the ACD. Fifteen compounds were deduced from the decoction of Astragalus, whereas nine compounds were identified from Cassia twig. Pairing of herbs make a significant effect on the chemical composition of herbal decoction. ACD can play a more obvious role in alleviating the symptoms of T2D rats, compared to the application of single herb.
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Astrágalo , Animais , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Ratos , Astrágalo/química , Masculino , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Cassia/química , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/química , Espectrometria de Massas , Estrutura Molecular , Compostos Fitoquímicos/farmacologia , Compostos Fitoquímicos/isolamento & purificação , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/tratamento farmacológico , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/tratamento farmacológicoRESUMO
Viral infectious diseases have always been a threat to human survival and quality of life, impeding the stability and progress of human society. As such, researchers have persistently focused on developing highly efficient, low-toxicity antiviral drugs, whether for acute or chronic infectious diseases. This article presents a comprehensive review of the design concepts behind virus-targeted drugs, examined through the lens of antiviral drug mechanisms. The intention is to provide a reference for the development of new, virus-targeted antiviral drugs and guide their clinical usage.
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Antivirais , Desenvolvimento de Medicamentos , Proteínas Virais , Viroses , Antivirais/farmacologia , Humanos , Viroses/tratamento farmacológico , Proteínas Virais/metabolismo , Proteínas Virais/genética , Vírus/efeitos dos fármacos , Desenho de FármacosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Exploring the effect of Optimized New Shengmai powder (, ONSMP) on myocardial fibrosis in heart failure (HF) based on rat sarcoma (RAS)/rapidly accelerated fibrosarcoma (RAF)/mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)/extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK) signaling pathway. METHODS: Randomized 70 Sprague-Dawley rats into sham (n = 10) and operation (n = 60) groups, then established the HF rat by ligating the left anterior descending branch of the coronary artery. We randomly divided the operation group rats into the model, ONSMP [including low (L), medium (M), and high (H) dose], and enalapril groups. After the 4-week drug intervention, echocardiography examines the cardiac function and calculates the ratios of the whole/left heart to the rat's body weight. Finally, we observed the degree of myocardial fibrosis by pathological sections, determined myocardium collagen (COL) I and COL â ¢ content by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, detected the mRNA levels of COL I, COL â ¢, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and c-Fos proto-oncogene (c-Fos) by universal real-time, and detected the protein expression of p-RAS, p-RAF, p-MEK1/2, p-ERK1/2, p-ETS-like-1 transcription factor (p-ELK1), p-c-Fos, α-SMA, COL I, and COL â ¢ by Western blot. RESULTS: ONSMP can effectively improve HF rat's cardiac function, decrease cardiac organ coefficient, COL volume fraction, and COL I/â ¢ content, down-regulate the mRNA of COL I/â ¢, α-SMA and c-Fos, and the protein of p-RAS, p-RAF, p-MEK1/ 2, p-ERK1/2, p-ELK1, c-Fos, COL â /â ¢, and α-SMA. CONCLUSIONS: ONSMP can effectively reduce myocardial fibrosis in HF rats, and the mechanism may be related to the inhibition of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway.
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Combinação de Medicamentos , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas , Fibrose , Insuficiência Cardíaca , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Animais , Ratos , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/administração & dosagem , MAP Quinases Reguladas por Sinal Extracelular/metabolismo , MAP Quinases Reguladas por Sinal Extracelular/genética , Fibrose/tratamento farmacológico , Insuficiência Cardíaca/tratamento farmacológico , Insuficiência Cardíaca/genética , Insuficiência Cardíaca/metabolismo , Insuficiência Cardíaca/fisiopatologia , Insuficiência Cardíaca/etiologia , Sistema de Sinalização das MAP Quinases/efeitos dos fármacos , Quinases de Proteína Quinase Ativadas por Mitógeno/metabolismo , Quinases de Proteína Quinase Ativadas por Mitógeno/genética , Miocárdio/metabolismo , Miocárdio/patologia , Sarcoma/tratamento farmacológico , Sarcoma/genética , Sarcoma/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
Conducting an in-depth analysis and research in the field of global organ donation by reviewing and integrating the recently published work Incentives and Obstacles in Organ Donation:A Multicultural Study among Beijing,Chicago,Tehran,and Hong Kong.This book provided an in-depth analysis of challenges and opportunities in the ethical,cultural,social,and legal of organ donation around the world.Through meticulous analysis and comparison of incentive models in different cultural contexts,the aim was to provide a more comprehensive understanding framework.By examining cases from Beijing,Chicago,Tehran,and Hong Kong,it explored incentive models for organ donation in various regions,such as honor incentives,compensatory incentives,and family incentives,revealing their effectiveness and limitations.This book particularly emphasized the uniqueness and challenges faced by the incentive models for organ donation in various cultural and social contexts,and advocated the adoption of comprehensive incentive strategies and customized policies based on different cultural backgrounds.Additionally,it also proposed recommendations for future research and policy formulation.This work not only provided profound insights into the field of medical ethics,but also provided important theoretical support for the improvement of organ donation policies worldwide.
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Objective To analyze the acupoint compatibility law and the application characteristics of acupuncture moxibustion treatment for depression based on complex network technology;To provide a basis and ideas for formulating prescriptions of acupuncture antidepressant therapy.Methods Related clinical literature about acupuncture for the treatment of depression was retrieved from CNKI,Wanfang Data,VIP,CBM,PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library,and Web of Science from the establishment of the databases to 21st,Sep.2022.According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,the literature was screened,and the clinical literature database of acupuncture in anti-depression was established.Excel 2010 was used for frequency analysis of acupoints.SPSS Modeler 18.0 was used for association rule analysis,and Gephi 0.9.5 was used for complex network analysis.Results Totally 579 articles were included,involving 172 acupoints,with a total frequency of 3 222.The results of descriptive analysis showed that the main meridians of acupoints were Governor Vessel,bladder meridian and liver meridian,and the specific acupoints such as Yuan-primary point,Shu-stream point,Back-shu point,Luo-connecting point,Eight confluence points,Front-mu point,He-sea point were frequently used.Association rules analysis showed that the combination of the highest correlation acupoints were"Yintang(GV29)-Baihui(GV20)".Through the complex network k-core analytic hierarchy process and community analysis,two core acupoint groups were finally obtained.The acupuncture angle,depth and direction were based on safety and meridian circulation direction,the tonifying and reducing method was based on syndrome differentiation,and the prescription was based on syndrome differentiation and symptomatic selection.Conclusion Acupuncture for depression has the following characteristics:the principle of acupoint selection is based on meridian selection and specific acupoints,the selection of core acupoints focuses on the treatment of spirit and the regulation of viscera,channels and functions,and the emphasis on syndrome differentiation and symptomatic acupoint selection in clinical treatment.While,it was important to pay more attention to the specificity of acupuncture and moxibustion.
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Objective To establish the HPLC fingerprint of Rosae Rugosae Flos;To provide references for the quality evaluation of Rosae Rugosae Flos.Methods The HPLC analysis was carried on a COSMOSIL 5C18-MS-Ⅱ column(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm);the mobile phase was 2.5 % acetonitrile + 0.1 % formic acid aqueous solution(A)-acetonitrile + 0.1 % formic acid(B)with gradient elution at the flow rate of 0.5 Ml/min;the column temperature was 40℃;the detection wavelength was 350 nm.The similarity of 13 batches of samples was evaluated by Similarity Evaluation System for Chromatographic Fingerprint of TCM(2012 edition).Qualitative analysis was carried out by LC-MS technology.The overall quality evaluation of Rosae Rugosae Flos was carried out by combining clustering analysis,principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least square discrimination.Results The common mode of HPLC fingerprints of Rosae Rugosae Flos was established,and the similarity of 13 samples was good.9 compounds were identified preliminary.13 batches of samples were aggregated into 3 categories by chemical pattern recognition.Conclusion The fingerprints of Rosae Rugosae Flos established in this study combines with chemical pattern recognition method,which has high sensitivity and strong specificity,can provide a basis for the quality evaluation of Rosae Rugosae Flos.
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Objective To analyze the trends in Oncomelania hupensis distribution in Wuhan City, Hubei Province from 2003 to 2022, so as to provide insights into precision schistosomiasis control. Methods Data pertaining to O. hupensis snail survey in Wuhan City from 2003 to 2022 were collected. The trends in the proportion of areas with snail habitats, actual area with snail habitats, mean density of living snails and prevalence of Schistosoma japonicum infection in snails were evaluated in schistosomiasis-endemic areas of Wuhan City from 2003 to 2022 with the slope of trend curve (β), annual percent change (APC) and average annual percent change (AAPC) using a Joinpoint regression model. Results During the period from 2003 through 2022, there were two turning points for the proportion of areas with snail habitats in Wuhan City in 2005 and 2015, with a rise during the period from 2003 to 2005 (β1 = 5.93, t = 1.280, P > 0.05), a decline from 2005 to 2015 (β2 = −0.88, t = −2.074, P > 0.05) and a rise from 2015 to 2022 (β3 = 1.46, t = −2.356, P < 0.05). During the period from 2003 through 2022, there were two turning points for the proportion of areas with snail habitats in islet endemic areas of Wuhan City in 2006 and 2015, with no significant differences in the trends from 2003 to 2006 (β1 = 4.64, t = 1.888, P > 0.05) or from 2006 to 2015 (β2 = −1.45, t = −2.143, P > 0.05), and with a tendency towards a rise from 2015 to 2022 (β3 = 2.04, t = −3.100, P < 0.05). During the period from 2003 through 2022, there were two turning points for the proportion of areas with snail habitats in inner embankment endemic areas of Wuhan City in 2012 and 2020, with a tendency towards a decline from 2003 to 2012 (β1 = −0.39, t = −4.608, P < 0.05) and with no significant differences in the trends from 2012 to 2020 (β2 = 0.03, t = 0.245, P > 0.05) and from 2020 to 2022 (β3 = 1.38, t = 1.479, P > 0.05). During the period from 2003 to 2022, the actual area with snail habitats all appeared a tendency towards a decline in Wuhan City, and in islet and inner embankment endemic areas of Wuhan City from 2003 to 2022 (AAPC = −2.39%, −5.75% and −2.35%, all P values < 0.05). The mean density of living snails reduced from 0.087 snails/0.1 m2 in 2003 to 0.027 snails/0.1 m2 in 2022 in Wuhan City, with a significant difference in the tendency towards the decline (APC = AAPC = −11.47%, P < 0.05). The annual mean decline rate of the mean density of living snails was 17.36% in outside embankment endemic areas of Wuhan City from 2003 to 2022 (APC = AAPC = −17.36%, P < 0.05), and there was no significant difference in the trends in the mean density of living snails in islet endemic areas of Wuhan City from 2003 to 2022 (APC = AAPC = −0.97%, P > 0.05). In addition, the prevalence of S. japonicum infection in snails appeared a tendency towards a decline in Wuhan City from 2003 to 2022 (APC = AAPC = −12.45%, P < 0.05). Conclusions The proportion of areas with snail habitats, actual area with snail habitats, mean density of living snails and prevalence of S. japonicum infection in snails all appeared a tendency towards a decline in Wuhan City from 2003 to 2022. Intensified snail control, modification of snail habitats, shrinking of areas with snails and implementation of grazing prohibition in snail-infested settings are required, in order to facilitate the progress towards schistosomiasis elimination in Wuhan City.
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ObjectiveTo observe the effect of Yangyin Xifeng Tongluo Formula (养阴熄风通络方) and its core herbs combination on prevention of ventricular precontraction (PVC). MethodsExperiment 1: Forty SD rats were randomly divided into model group, formula group, core herb-pairs medium-dose group and amiodarone group, with 10 rats in each group. Rats in the model group were given 10 ml/(kg·d) of pure water by gavage, rats in the formula group were given 1.125 g/(kg·d) of Yangyin Xifeng Tongluo Granules (养阴熄风通络方颗粒) by gavage, rats in the core herb-pairs medium-dose group were given 0.585 g/(kg·d) of granules of core herb-pairs by gavage, and rats in the amiodarone group were given 18 mg/(kg·d) of amiodarone hydrochloride tablets by gavage. The rats in each group were gavaged once a day for 14 consecutive days, and then a PVC model was established using rat tail vein injection of aconitine 25 μg/kg to compare the mortality and incidence of PVC, ventricular tachycardia (VT) and ventricular fibrillation (VF), the time of the appearance of PVC, and the duration of PVC in the rats in each group. Experiment 2: Sixty SD rats were randomly divided into model group, the amiodarone group, and the core herb-pairs of low, medium and high dose groups, 12 rats in each group. Rats in the model group were gavaged with 10 ml/(kg·d) of purified water, rats in the low, medium, and high dose groups were gavaged with 0.2925, 0.585, and 1.17 g/(kg·d) of the core herb-pairs granules respectively, and rats in the amiodarone group were gavaged with 18 mg/(kg·d) of amiodarone hydrochloride tablets. All of them were gavaged once a day. After 14 days, rats in each group were injected intravenously into the tail vein with aconitine 25 μg/kg, and then the rats in each group were observed to show the mortality and incidence of PVC, VT and VF, and the time of appearance and duration of PVC. ResultsExperiment 1: Compared with the model group, The difference in the incidence of PVC in rats of all groups was not statistically signi-ficant (P>0.05), and the mortality and incidence of VT and VF in rats in the formula group, the core herb-pairs medium-dose group, and the amiodarone group significantly reduced, with delayed time of the occurrence of PVC and shorter duration of the PVC (P<0.05 or P<0.01) as compared with the model group, whereas the difference between each group with medication intervention was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Experiment 2: There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of PVC in all groups (P>0.05), and the mortality and incidence of VT and VF reduced in the core herb-pairs of low-, medium-, and high-dose groups and in the amiodarone group, and the appearance of PVC delayed and its duration shortened (P<0.05 or P<0.01) as compared with the control group, whereas the differences were not statistically significant in the comparison among groups with medication (P>0.05). ConclusionBoth Yangyin Xifeng Tongluo Formula and its core herb-pairs could delay the time of occurrence and shorten the duration of PVC.
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Objective To discuss the clinical safety,feasibility and efficacy of transcatheter arterial infusion chemotherapy(TAI)combined with lipiodol chemoembolization in the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer(CRC).Methods The clinical data of 37 patients with advanced CRC,who received TAI combined with lipiodol chemoembolization at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University of China between June 2016 and December 2022,were retrospectively analyzed.The clinical efficacy was evaluated,the progression-free survival(PFS)and the serious complications were recorded.Results A total of 55 times of TAI combined with lipiodol chemoembolization procedures were successfully accomplished in the 37 patients.The mean used amount of lipiodol emulsion was 2.9 mL(0.8-10 mL).No serious complications such as bleeding and intestinal perforation occurred.The median follow-up time was 24 months(range of 3-48 months).The postoperative one-month,3-month,6-month and 12-month objective remission rates(ORR)were 67.6%(25/37),67.6%(25/37),64.9%(24/37)and 56.8%(21/37)respectively,and the postoperative one-month,3-month,6-month and 12-month disease control rates(DCR)were 91.9%(34/37),91.9%(34/37),89.2%(33/37)and 81.1%(30/37)respectively.The median PFS was 16 months(range of 2-47 months).As of the last follow-up,22 patients survived and 15 patients died of terminal stage of tumor.Conclusion Preliminary results of this study indicate that TAI combined with lipiodol chemoembolization is clinically safe and effective for advanced CRC,and it provide a new therapeutic method for patients with advanced CRC.
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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the cancers with the highest incidence and mortality rates in China and often presents with insidious early clinical manifestations. This frequency results in the majority of patients being diagnosed at middle and advanced stage of the disease, thereby missing the opportunity for potentially curative surgical interventions. For patients who are ineligible for radical surgical resection, a variety of therapeutic approaches, including systemic antitumor therapy, local radiotherapy, interventional treatment, and liver transplantation, have been employed. Moreover, neoadjuvant therapies have transformed a subset of initially unresectable HCC cases into operable ones. Nevertheless, many patients fail to benefit from these treatments, underscoring the urgent need for novel therapeutic targets. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), a principal component of the solid tumor microenvironment, play a pivotal role in the proliferation, migration, invasion, and treatment resistance of cancer cells. This review delineates the origins of CAFs and their mechanisms of action in the pathogenesis and progression of HCC and discusses potential therapeutic strategies targeting CAFs.
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Background/Aims@#The shortage of donor liver hinders the development of liver transplantation. This study aimed to clarify the poor outcomes of functionally marginal liver grafts (FMLs) and provide evidence for the improvement of ischemia-free liver transplantation (IFLT) after FML transplantation. @*Methods@#Propensity score matching was used to control for confounding factors. The outcomes of the control group and FML group were compared to demonstrate the negative impact of FMLs on liver transplantation patients. We compared the clinical improvements of the different surgical types. To elucidate the underlying mechanism, we conducted bioinformatic analysis based on transcriptome and single-cell profiles. @*Results@#FMLs had a significantly greater hazard ratio (HR: 1.969, P=0.018) than did other marginal livers. A worse 90-day survival (Mortality: 12.3% vs. 5.0%, P=0.007) was observed in patients who underwent FML transplantation. Patients who received FMLs had a significant improvement in overall survival after IFLT (Mortality: 10.4% vs 31.3%, P=0.006). Pyroptosis and inflammation were inhibited in patients who underwent IFLT. The infiltration of natural killer cells was lower in liver grafts from these patients. Bulk transcriptome profiles revealed a positive relationship between IL-32 and Caspase 1 (R=0.73, P=0.01) and between IL-32 and Gasdermin D (R=0.84, P=0.0012). @*Conclusions@#FML is a more important negative prognostic parameter than other marginal liver parameters. IFLT might ameliorate liver injury in FMLs by inhibiting the infiltration of NK cells, consequently leading to the abortion of IL-32, which drives pyroptosis in monocytes and macrophages.
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The complex chemical composition and limited research ideas of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) have led to the unclear material basis and mechanism of the medicinal effects, which is a common problem hindering the modernization of TCM in China. The introduction of computer virtual technology has provided a new perspective for TCM research. In this study, we established the research method of structure-activity omics to study the relationships between the structures and effects of different compounds in TCM based on the chemical structures of TCM components and to analyze and predict the material basis and multitarget synergistic mechanism of TCM. Furthermore, a structure-activity omics study was carried out with the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of Qizhi Weitong granules as an example. This study provides support for screening the pharmacodynamic components and analyzing the active ingredients of TCM and gives insights into the research on the material basis and mechanism of compound efficacy and the development of lead compounds of TCM, thus promoting the modern research and the innovative development of TCM.
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ObjectiveTo explain the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of Corydalis Rhizoma by the means of structure-activity omics. MethodOn the basis of the previous in vitro screening study, we studied the in vivo efficacy of the alkaloids in Corydalis Rhizoma. With the targets as a bridge, the structures of chemical components in Corydalis Rhizoma were connected with the efficacy. The molecular docking of the alkaloids in Corydalis Rhizoma with the targets of inflammation and pain was carried out. According to the docking scores and the differences in the structural nucleus of Corydalis Rhizoma alkaloids, a study of structure-activity omics was carried out to summarize the rules of their connection. ResultThe alkaloids in Corydalis Rhizoma had good anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects in vivo, involving 53 chemical components and 73 targets. There were 3 074 targets associated with inflammation and pain, and 42 targets of direct action were shared by the chemical components and the disease. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) and molecular docking analysis predicted that the main active components of Corydalis Rhizoma were tetrahydropalmatine and palmatine, and the core targets were prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2), glutamate receptor metabotropic 5 (GRM5), estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1), solute carrier family 6 member 4 (SLC6A4), and fusion oncoproteins (FOS). According to the differences of mother nucleus, the 53 alkaloid components of Corydalis Rhizoma were classified into 8 categories, including protoberberine, berberine, and aporphine, which had high binding affinities with PTGS2, GRM5 and other targets. The relationship between the structures of Corydalis Rhizoma alkaloids and docking scores in each group showed the same law. In protoberberine, appropriate substituents with hydroxyl, alkoxy or methyl groups on the A and D rings of the parent ring were conducive to enhancing the binding activities with the two targets. In berberine, the structure containing a methyl group on position 13 had strong binding affinities with the two targets. It is hypothesized that the methyl fragment changes the binding mode between the component structure and amino acid residues, which greatly improves the binding affinity. ConclusionThis study employs the method of structure-activity omics to analyze the material basis for the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of alkaloids in Corydalis Rhizoma, and the structure-activity omics provides new ideas for revealing the pharmacodynamic substances of traditional Chinese medicine.
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ObjectiveTo identify the pharmacodynamic substances for the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of Bupleuri Radix by structure-activity omics. MethodA mouse model of pain was established with formaldehyde to examine the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of saikosaponins in vivo. The core targets of the active components in Bupleurum Radix for the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects were screened from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP), Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM), and Search Tool for Recurring Instances of Neighbouring Genes (STRING). The key core targets with high binding affinity were screened based on the comprehensive score in the molecular docking between different types of saikosaponins and core targets. The structure-activity relationship was discussed and analyzed based on the binding of compounds to pharmacodynamic targets. ResultSaikosaponins alleviated the foot swelling induced by formaldehyde and reduced the content of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in the mouse model, showcasing a significant inhibitory effect on the inflammatory pain caused by PGE2. Nine components and 39 targets of saikosaponins, as well as 3 074 targets of anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects were screened out, and 22 common targets shared by saikosaponins and the effects were obtained as the direct targets. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis showed that the main active components of Bupleurum Radix were saikosaponins a, b1, b2, b3, c, d, e, f, and v, and the key targets were fms-related receptor tyrosine kinase 1 (FLT1), kinase insert domain receptor (KDR), fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). Molecular docking between saikosaponins and the top 5 targets with high degrees in PPI network analysis revealed 25 highly active docks, including 6 docks with scores of 5-6 and 18 docks with scores above 6. ConclusionThis study adopted structural-activity omics to analyze the material basis for the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of Bupleuri Radix in vivo, providing new ideas and methods for identifying the pharmacodynamic substances in traditional Chinese medicine.
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ObjectiveTo explain the pharmacodynamic substances of Aurantii Fructus flavonoids that exert anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects using a structure-activity omics approach. MethodOn the basis of the previous in vitro pharmacological screening conducted by the research team, an in vivo pharmacological study of Aurantii Fructus flavonoids was carried out. Core targets of the anti-inflammatory and analgesic active components of flavonoids of Aurantii Fructus were identified using various network databases, including the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP), the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM), and the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING). Computer-aided virtual screening technology was used to dock different types of Aurantii Fructus flavonoids with core targets. The key core targets with high binding activity were selected based on the comprehensive scores of each target and the active structures. Using these targets as bridges, the structures of one or more types of chemical components in Aurantii Fructus were closely linked to pharmacological effects. The structure-activity relationship between the clear pharmacodynamic compounds and their effects was explored through the binding patterns of various structures with pharmacodynamic targets. ResultAurantii Fructus flavonoids demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice, which could improve symptoms and significantly reduce the levels of inflammatory factors interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β)(P<0.05). Twelve active components of Aurantii Fructus flavonoids were identified and categorized into nine dihydroflavonoids and three flavonoids based on their structures of the parent nuclei. Through Venn analysis, 167 anti-inflammatory and analgesic targets for Aurantii Fructus were identified. Based on degree value and molecular docking comprehensive scores, prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2(PTGS2) and mitogen-activated protein kinase 3(MAPK3) were selected for further structural analysis. Structural analysis revealed that components containing glycoside structures exhibited higher binding activity with anti-inflammatory and analgesic targets. ConclusionThis study utilized a structure-activity omics approach based on in vivo pharmacodynamic experiments to analyze the material basis of the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of Aurantii Fructus flavonoids. The structure-activity omics approach provides new ideas and methods for elucidating the pharmacodynamic substances of Chinese medicine.
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Aim To study the effect of menthol on hypobaric hypoxia-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension and explore the underlying mechanism in mice. Methods 10 to 12 weeks old wild type (WT) mice and TRPM8 gene knockout (TRPM8
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Aim To investigate the role of metabolites of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in promoting the transdifferentiation of pancreatic α cells to β cells. Methods Male C57BL/6J mice were injected intraperitoneally with 60 mg/kg streptozocin (STZ) for five consecutive days to establish a type 1 diabetes (T1DM) mouse model. After two weeks, they were randomly divided into model groups and 97% EPA diet intervention group, 75% fish oil (50% EPA +25% DHA) diet intervention group, and random blood glucose was detected every week; after the model expired, the regeneration of pancreatic β cells in mouse pancreas was observed by immunofluorescence staining. The islets of mice (obtained by crossing GCG
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OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the clinical effect of unilateral percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) combined with 3D printing technology for the treatment of thoracolumbar osteoporotic compression fracture.@*METHODS@#A total of 77 patients with thoracolumbar osteoporotic compression fractures from October 2020 to April 2022 were included in the study, all of which were vertebral body compression fractures caused by trauma. According to different treatment methods, they were divided into experimental group and control group. Thirty-two patients used 3D printing technology to improve unilateral transpedicle puncture vertebroplasty in the experimental group, there were 5 males and 27 females, aged from 63 to 91 years old with an average of (77.59±8.75) years old. Forty-five patients were treated with traditional bilateral pedicle puncture vertebroplasty, including 7 males and 38 females, aged from 60 to 88 years old with an average of(74.89±7.37) years old. Operation time, intraoperative C-arm X-ray times, anesthetic dosage, bone cement injection amount, bone cement diffusion good and good rate, complications, vertebral height, kyphotic angle (Cobb angle), visual analogue scale(VAS), Oswestry disability index (ODI) and other indicators were recorded before and after surgery, and statistically analyzed.@*RESULTS@#All patients were followed up for 6 to 23 months, with preoperative imaging studies, confirmed for thoracolumbar osteoporosis compression fractures, two groups of patients with postoperative complications, no special two groups of patients' age, gender, body mass index (BMI), time were injured, the injured vertebral distribution had no statistical difference(P>0.05), comparable data. Two groups of patients with bone cement injection, bone cement dispersion rate, preoperative and postoperative vertebral body height, protruding after spine angle(Cobb angle), VAS, ODI had no statistical difference(P>0.05). The operative time, intraoperative fluoroscopy times and anesthetic dosage were statistically different between the two groups(P<0.05). Compared with the traditional bilateral puncture group, the modified unilateral puncture group combined with 3D printing technology had shorter operation time, fewer intraoperative fluoroscopy times and less anesthetic dosage. The height of anterior vertebral edge, kyphosis angle (Cobb angle), VAS score and ODI of the affected vertebrae were statistically different between two groups at each time point after surgery(P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#In the treatment of thoracolumbar osteoporotic compression fractures, 3D printing technology is used to improve unilateral puncture PVP, which is convenient and simple, less trauma, short operation time, fewer fluoroscopy times, satisfactory distribution of bone cement, vertebral height recovery and kyphotic Angle correction, and good functional improvement.
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Masculino , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Fraturas por Compressão/cirurgia , Fraturas da Coluna Vertebral/cirurgia , Cimentos Ósseos , Resultado do Tratamento , Vertebroplastia/métodos , Cifose/cirurgia , Punções , Impressão Tridimensional , Tecnologia , Fraturas por Osteoporose/cirurgia , Anestésicos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Cifoplastia/métodosRESUMO
Caenorhabditis elegans and D-Gal-induced aging mouse model were used to investigate the anti-aging effect of rutin. The effects of different concentrations of rutin (0, 12.5, 25, and 50 µg/mL) on locomotor behavior, reproductive rate, and lifespan of C. elegans were determined. For establishing the aging mouse model, D-Gal (200 mg/kg) was subcutaneously injected into the back of mice, and mice were treated with rutin (200 mg/kg). At the end of treatment, memory and motor function was assessed by nest building test, open field test, and Y-maze. Serum and brain tissue were collected from each mouse to examine the ROS, lipofuscin, MDA, GSH-Px, and SOD levels. The results showed that rutin prolonged the lifespan of C. elegans, and increased the number of eggs of C. elegans (p < 0.05). In addition, rutin significantly improved the exercise capacity in mice (p < 0.05) and significantly reduced brain tissue ROS (p < 0.05) and MDA (p < 0.01) levels. Meanwhile, rutin could enhance the activity of SOD (p < 0.05) and GSH-Px (p < 0.01) significantly in the serum and brain. In summary, rutin exhibits anti-senescence capabilities which could be ascribed to its antioxidant activities.
Assuntos
Caenorhabditis elegans , Estresse Oxidativo , Camundongos , Animais , Caenorhabditis elegans/metabolismo , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio , Rutina/farmacologia , Envelhecimento , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Superóxido Dismutase/metabolismo , Superóxido Dismutase/farmacologiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE@#In this study, the role and potential mechanism of transformer 2β (Tra2β) in cervical cancer were explored.@*METHODS@#The transcriptional data of Tra2β in patients with cervical cancer from Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) and cBioPortal databases were investigated. The functions of Tra2β were evaluated by using Western blot, MTT, colony formation, Transwell assays, and nude mouse tumor formation experiments. Target genes regulated by Tra2β were studied by RNA-seq. Subsequently, representative genes were selected for RT-qPCR, confocal immunofluorescence, Western blot, and rescue experiments to verify their regulatory relationship.@*RESULTS@#The dysregulation of Tra2β in cervical cancer samples was observed. Tra2β overexpression in Siha and Hela cells enhanced cell viability and proliferation, whereas Tra2β knockdown showed the opposite effect. Alteration of Tra2β expression did not affect cell migration and invasion. Furthermore, tumor xenograft models verified that Tra2β promoted cervical cancer growth. Mechanically, Tra2β positively regulated the mRNA and protein level of SP1, which was critical for the proliferative capability of Tra2β.@*CONCLUSION@#This study demonstrated the important role of the Tra2β/SP1 axis in the progression of cervical cancer in vitro and in vivo, which provides a comprehensive understanding of the pathogenesis of cervical cancer.