Sudden Onset, Rapidly Expansile, Cervical Cystic Hygroma in an Adult: A Rare Case with Unusual Presentation and Extensive Review of the Literature.

Cystic hygroma (CH) is a benign infiltrative malformation of the lymphatic channels. We report a case of a 28-year-old Indian female who presented with rapidly enlarging right sided neck swelling over the posterior triangle since 5 days. Complete resection of CH is sometimes not amenable because of its infiltrative nature and involvement of surrounding vital structures. However, in our patient successful complete surgical resection was undertaken. The MRI findings of our patient were consistent with brachial cleft cyst; this posed a challenge in the diagnosis of CH. The histopathological analysis of the resected mass confirmed CH. CH is rare in adults and such an acute presentation is exceptionally atypical. History of prior trauma and infection are known etiological factors for adult CH; these were conspicuously absent in our patient. CH should be considered in the differentials of rapidly enlarging cystic swelling of posterior region of neck in adults. Optimal and timely management is necessary to achieve a favorable prognosis. Therefore, we report a case of rapidly enlarging cervical CH in an adult along with extensive literature review to have a better understanding regarding epidemiology, etiopathogenesis, clinical presentation, optimal management, and prognosis of such a rare entity in adults.

Disseminated Congenital Neuroblastoma - An Autopsy Case Report.

Neuroblastoma is the most common malignant tumour in the neonatal age group. The tumour is derived from neural crest cells of adrenal gland medulla or sympathetic ganglia. Disseminated congenital neuroblastoma is very rare. We hereby report a case of congenital neuroblastoma with multiple metastases diagnosed on autopsy in a fetus of 23 weeks gestational age. Autopsy revealed enlarged bilateral adrenals, large fusiform mass in the right humerus, mass in the lower lobe of left lung and posterior chest wall. Diagnosis of disseminated congenital neuroblastoma was given after histopathological and immunohistochemical examination. We are reporting this case for its rare presentation of disseminated form of congenital neuroblastoma sparing liver.

Primary Angiosarcoma of the Breast: An Uncommon Histopathological Subtype.

Primary angiosarcoma of the breast is extremely rare malignant tumour of the breast. The cytological and radiological findings are often non specific for diagnosis. Histopathology plays an important role in diagnosis and grading of tumour. Herewith we present a case of 55-year-old postmenopausal woman having history of rapidly enlarging right breast lump with prominent vascularity and associated bluish discolouration of overlying skin. Mammography shows ill defined mass lesion. Fine needle aspiration cytology was done which showed haemorrhagic aspirate with few clusters of highly pleomorphic neoplastic cells. Patient underwent modified radical mastectomy. On histopathological evaluation it showed primary angiosarcoma of the breast, poorly differentiated, grade-III. We are presenting this extremely rare malignancy of breast for its clinical, cytological and histopathological findings.

Complete Pentalogy of Cantrell (POC) with Phocomelia and Other Associated Rare Anomalies.

We are reporting a rare case of Complete Pentalogy of Cantrell (CPOC) with phocomelia and other associated anomalies such as encephalocoele, craniofacial defects, limb defects and a flexion deformity, with club foot in right lower limb. Antenatal ultrasonography done in a 20 year old primigravida revealed multiple thoraco-abdominal and CNS anomalies in a foetus with an average gestational age of 18.2 weeks. Foetal autopsy done following termination of the pregnancy revealed a combination of defects, based on which the diagnosis of Complete Pentalogy of Cantrell with associated anomalies was given. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of Complete Pentalogy of Cantrell with phocomelia which has been seen in the world.

Male breast cancer: presenting as synchronous, large, bilateral masses.

Male breast cancer is a very rare neoplasm which accounts for 1% of all breast cancers. A 70-year-old male presented with a rapidly growing, bilateral breast masses with large size, surface ulceration and bloody discharge. Synchronous bilateral breast cancer was diagnosed by using fine needle aspiration cytology, mammography, ultrasonography and incisional biopsy. Histopathological studies revealed invasive ductal carcinoma (not otherwise specified), which was of grade III in left breast and of grade II in right breast. We are presenting this case with its clinico-pathological findings, as synchronous bilateral breast cancer occurs extremely rarely in males.