Cellular and humoral immune status of thalassemia children with repeated blood transfusion in Yunnan province / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To investigate the changes in cellular immunity (peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets) and humoral immunity (serum immunoglobulin and ferritin) status among children with thalassemia who received repeated transfusions in Yunnan. 【Methods】 Forty-six children with thalassemia who underwent repeated blood transfusions from January 2020 to October 2022 were selected as the observation group. Forty children with thalassemia who did not receive blood transfusion were included in control group 1, and 46 healthy children underwent physical examination were included in control group 2. The differences in lymphocyte subsets, serum immunoglobulin levels and ferritin concentrations were compared among the three groups. 【Results】 For lymphocyte subsets: CD3+, CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ in the observation group was lower than the control group 1 and 2: 57.60±8.36 vs 64.57±7.56 vs 66.58±5.65, 33.16±5.67 vs 38.62±8.36 vs 38.62±6.41 and 1.49±0.09 vs 2.32±0.15 vs 2.13±0.16, respectively; CD16+ CD56+ in the observation group was lower than the control group 2: 11.21±5.06 vs 16.70±7.92; CD8+ in the observation group was higher than control group 1 and control group 2: 26.63± 1.75 vs 20.60±1.43 vs 18.92±0.84; CD19+ in the observation group was higher than the control group 2: 24.06±6.42 vs 19.67 ±8.42, P<0.05, but no significant difference was noticed between the two control groups(P>0.05). For serum immunoglobulin and ferritin: IgG and ferritin in the observation group were higher than control group 1 and control group 2: 10.59±3.88 vs 7.02±3.88 vs 5.58±1.98 and 2 037.37±1 377.59 vs 72.63±56.71 vs 59.48±33.88. IgA in the observation group was higher than the control group 2: 1.06±0.92 vs 0.39±0.32(P<0.05), but no significant difference was noticed between the two control groups (P>0.05). The difference of IgM and IgE between the three groups was not significant (P > 0. 05). 【Conclusion】 The proportion of lymphocyte subsets in thalassemia children with repeated blood transfusion was imbalanced,and the level of immunoglobulin in humoral immunity was abnormal.

Vegetarian diet and vitamin B 12 level in Chinese pregnant women / 中华围产医学杂志

Objective:To explore the relationship between vegetarian diets and vitamin B 12 levels in Chinese pregnant women. Methods:A cross-sectional survey was used to explore the relationship between vegetarian diets and vitamin B 12 levels in Chinese pregnant women based on data from the Chinese National Nutrition and Health Surveillance (2015-2017). Maternal serum vitamin B 12 concentration was determined by electrochemiluminescence. Background and diet information of all subjects were collected using general and food frequency questionnaires. General Linear Model was used to analyze the difference in serum vitamin B 12 levels between vegetarian and non-vegetarian pregnant women and multivariate logistic regression for examining the relationship between vegetarian diets and vitamin B 12 deficiency (vitamin B 12<150 pmol/L) in pregnant women. Results:A total of 8 366 pregnant women were included in the analysis, and vegetarians accounted for 1.2% (102/8 366). The median serum vitamin B 12 concentrations were 155.8(93.6-212.4) pmol/L and 187.2(127.4-267.6) pmol/L ( Z=－4.22, P<0.001), and the vitamin B 12 deficiency rates were 48.0% (49/102) and 35.0% (2 896/8 264) in vegetarian and non-vegetarian women, respectively. The vitamin B 12 deficiency rate in vegetarian women was 0.89-fold higher than in non-vegetarians (95% CI: 1.24-2.89). Among the vegetarian and non-vegetarian pregnant women, vitamin B 12 deficiency rates during the first, second, and third trimesters were 34.8%(16/46), 54.3%(19/35), 66.7%(14/21), and 20.4%(521/2 559), 32.6%(941/2 886), 50.9%(1 430/2 807), noting for an increasing trend ( Z=23.54 and 2.57, P=0.010 and P<0.001). Conclusions:Vegetarian pregnant women are at high risk of vitamin B 12 deficiency. Compared with non-vegetarian women, vegetarian pregnant women in China have lower vitamin B 12 levels and a higher risk of vitamin B 12 deficiency. Moreover, the risk of vitamin B 12 deficiency will gradually increase during pregnancy.

Correlation analysis of blood pressure with serum creatinine and glomerular filtration rate / 中华健康管理学杂志

Objective:To investigate and analyze the correlation between blood pressure and serum creatinine (Scr) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR).Methods:This research was a cross-sectional study, a total of 46792 people over 20 years old with relatively complete data in the health management center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from January to December 2018 were included as the research subjects, and baseline data of these study subjects were obtained by on-site questionnaire, collection of blood pressure, creatinine and other physiological and biochemical indicators. The subjects were divided into 20-64 years old group and ≥65 years group according to their age; being treated as the continuous variables (systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, five categories), their blood pressure indicators were analyzed. The F test, t test, χ2 test and logistic regression model were used to analyze the baseline characteristics of Scr level and GFR, as well as the correlation between blood pressure and Scr and GFR. Results:(1) The average Scr level was (72.89±16.84) μmol/L in the study population aged 20-93. The average GFR was (102.17±17.01) ml·min -1·(1.73 m 2) -1. The average Scr of men was higher than that of women, the average GFR of men was lower than that of women (all P<0.001). (2) Among the subjects above, there were 514 cases (1.10%) with abnormal Scr level and 657 cases (1.40%) with abnormal GFR, the incidence of abnormal Scr and GFR was higher in men, subjects with age ≥65 years old, or diabetes, or hypertension (all P<0.05). (3) There were significant differences in Scr level and GFR in subjects with different gender, age, blood pressure and body mass index (BMI) (all P<0.05). (4) With the increase of blood pressure, among the crowd of 24-64 years old, the relative risk of abnormal Scr and GFR in the group with baseline blood pressure ≥180/110 mmHg was 8.434 and 5.168 times higher than that in the group with baseline blood pressure<120/80 mmHg, respectively, after adjusting variables such as sex, age, nationality, BMI, hypertension, diabetes. However, among the crowd of ≥65 years old, only the relative risk in the group with baseline blood pressure of 160-179/100-109 mmHg was statistically significant compared with<120/80 mmHg. Conclusion:The blood pressure is bound up with Scr and GFR in the crowd of 24-64 years old.

Evaluation of continuous metabolic syndrome score as a screening tool for metabolic syndrome in Xinjiang urban population aged 15-18 years / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#The purpose of the present study was to evaluate of continuous metabolic syndrome score (cMetS) in screening metabolic syndrome (MetS) and to determine the cut-off values in a representative sample of Xinjiang population aged 15 to 18 years old.@*Methods@#A stratified cluster sampling was used to select participants aged 15-18 years from 13 cities in Xinjiang. cMetS was calculated by summing up the Zscores of standardized waist circumference, mean arterial pressure, high-density lipoprotein, triglyceride, and fasting blood glucose by age and gender.@*Results@#Totally 16.3% of subjects were overweight, and 5.2% were obese. The proportion of overweight and obesity in males was significantly higher than that in females (18.1% vs 13.8%)(6.0% vs. 4.1%)(χ2=15.36，7.89，P<0.05). The prevalence of total MetS was 6.1%, with 6.6% and 5.4% for men and women, respectively. There was a correlation between cMetS and MetS components, and the average cMetS value increased with increasing MetS component(P<0.05). The total cut-off value of cMetS was 0.99 (sensitivity 68.0%, specificity 80.7%), and the area under the ROC curve was 84.9%. The cMetS scores for boys and girls were 0.80 and 1.48, respectively.@*Conclusion@#Compared with MetS, cMetS shows more accuracy in screening MetS among youth aged 15-18 years in both gender.

Analysis of health literacy status and its influencing factors among Kazakh residents in Yili Prefecture, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region / 中华健康管理学杂志

Objective:To investigate health literacy level and its influencing factors of 7, 945 Kazakh residents in Yili Prefecture, Xinjiang, China.Methods:Participants were enrolled from rural or urban Kazakh permanent residents aged 18 to 75 years living within the city and four counties of Yili Prefecture, Xinjiang, from April to November 2019. Stratified random sampling was adopted to divided the sites into five layers: Yining city, Gongliu County, Nilk County, Xinyuan County and Zhaosu County. According to the calculation of actual sample size, a total of 7, 945 subjects were selected. A health literacy questionnaire was used to determine the different demographic characteristics and health literacy status of Kazakh residents.Results:A total of 7, 945 cases, with mean age of (40.6±11.6) years, including 3, 391 males (42.68%) and 4, 554 females (57.32%) were studied. The total health literacy score was (45.8±17.2). In this study, we aimed to identify health literacy status of at least 424 cases(5.34%). The number of people with safety and first aid literacy was the largest, with a total of 2, 437 cases (30.67%). The number of people with health information access literacy and infectious disease prevention literacy was relatively small, with 860 (10.82%) and 866 cases (10.90%), respectively. Univariate analysis results showed that there were statistically significant differences (all P<0.05) in the scores of marital status, age, education level, personal monthly income, occupation, and household health literacy level. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the main influencing factors of Kazakh residents′ health literacy were marital status, educational level, personal monthly income, occupation, and household registration. Conclusion:The health literacy of Kazakh residents in Yili prefecture, Xinjiang is at a low level, among which literacy in health information access and infectious disease prevention and control were the lowest. Ultimately, marital status, education level, personal monthly income, occupation, household registration, and other factors can have an impact on the level of health literacy.

Correlation analysis between pulse pressure index, body mass index, and cerebral hemodynamics in 12 375 individuals undergoing physical examination in Urumqi / 中华健康管理学杂志

Objective:This study aimed to explore and analyze the correlation between pulse pressure index (PPI), body mass index (BMI), and cerebral hemodynamics and evaluate their significance in early screening for stroke.Methods:The subjects were selected from those who had completed the cerebral blood flow function test in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from January to December 2018. First, basic information and disease history of the respondents were obtained through on-site questionnaire survey. Height, weight, and blood pressure were measured, and BMI, pulse pressure, PPI, and mean arterial pressure were calculated. Meanwhile, cerebral hemodynamic monitoring was completed. Individuals with cerebral hemodynamic indexes ≥75 were classified as normal cerebrovascular function group and those with cerebral hemodynamic indexes <75 as abnormal group. This study divided the PPI into three subgroups: high, medium, and low. According to the Chinese Adult Overweight and Obesity Prevention and Control Guidelines, the BMI was divided into too low, normal, overweight, and obese. The correlations of PPI and BMI with cerebral hemodynamics in different groups were calculated and compared.Results:A total of 12 375 subjects, aged (52.6±7.3) years, were included in the study, consisting of 7 275 men (58.79%) and 5 100 women (41.21%). There were 9 900 patients (80.00%) in the normal group and 2 475 patients (20.00%) in the abnormal group. The abnormal rate of cerebral hemodynamics was higher in the Han nationality； those with a history of hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia. Moreover, those with abnormal cerebral hemodynamic indicators had a higher BMI, systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, pulse pressure and PPI, mean arterial pressure was higher than the normal group (all P<0.001). In different PPI groups, the average blood flow, average velocity, maximum velocity, minimum velocity, and critical pressure level of the left and right sides showed a downward trend with the increase in PPI. Peripheral resistance, pulse wave velocity, characteristic impedance, dynamic resistance, and difference between diastolic and critical pressure all showed an upward trend with the increase in PPI. In different BMI groups, the average blood flow in the obese group on the left side was lower than that in the underweight, normal, and super recombination groups. The average blood flow in the obese group on the right side was lower than that in the normal and super recombination groups and higher than that in the subhypoxia group. The mean, maximum, and minimum velocities of the left and right sides decreased with the increase in BMI. The differences in peripheral resistance, pulse wave velocity, characteristic impedance, dynamic resistance, critical pressure level, diastolic blood pressure, and critical pressure showed an increasing trend with the increase in BMI, and the differences of the above indicators were statistically significant (all P <0.001).The results of unconditional multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that Han nationality, history of hypertension, history of diabetes, PPI, and BMI were the main risk factors for abnormal cerebral hemodynamics. The higher the PPI and BMI, the higher the risk of abnormal cerebral blood flow. Conclusion:The higher the PPI and BMI, the higher the possibility of abnormal cerebral hemodynamic indexes. Extremely high PPI and BMI should be paid greater attention.

Clinical, pathologic and genetic analysis of 3 families with dystrophinopathy / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective:To explore the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of 3 Chinese families with dystrophinopathy, so as to provide the data for earlier diagnosis and therapy.Methods:The clinical, muscle pathology and electrophysiological data from the 3 families with dystrophinopathy were analyzed.The perpheral venous blood of 15 members from the 3 families was collected.Meanwhile, the known genes that were related to neuromyopathy were detected.Results:There were 8 patients in the 3 families.All the patients presented progressive weakness of extremities as the main manifestation, with elevated creatine kinase (CK) and myogenic changes in electrophysiological examination.The proband of family 1 was a 15 years old boy with 1 year history.He displayed limb weakness and accompanied with muscle pain after exercise.Muscle pathology only revealed denatured and atrophy muscle fibers, without necrosis and hyperplastic muscle fibers.The proband of family 2 was a 9 years old boy with 1 year history.His muscle pathology illustrated degeneration, necrosis, proliferation and lipid deposition muscle fibers.The proband of family 3 was a 16 years old boy with 10 years history.He exhibited generalized muscle atrophy, spine and chest deformity.His muscle pathology demonstrated classical muscular dystrophy changes.Gene detection gave information that deletion mutation in exons 45 to 47 of DMD gene in family 1 proband.c.2636 T> G mutation in exons 18 of DMD gene in family 2 proband, repeat mutation in exons 61 to 76 of DMD gene in family 3 proband; c.2636T>G was classified as pathogenic variation according to the guidelines for the interpretation of sequence variants of the American college of medical genetics and genomics guidelines. Conclusions:The phenotype of dystrophinopathy is related to genotype.A new mutation of DMD gene c. 2636T>G is discovered.Early patient with dystrophinopathy can only display pained weakness of muscle after exercise.Muscle pathology and gene detection should be performed as soon as possible.

Correlation analysis between pulse pressure index, body mass index, and cerebral hemodynamics in 12 375 individuals undergoing physical examination in Urumqi / 中华健康管理学杂志

Objective@#This study aimed to explore and analyze the correlation between pulse pressure index (PPI), body mass index (BMI), and cerebral hemodynamics and evaluate their significance in early screening for stroke.@*Methods@#The subjects were selected from those who had completed the cerebral blood flow function test in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from January to December 2018. First, basic information and disease history of the respondents were obtained through on-site questionnaire survey. Height, weight, and blood pressure were measured, and BMI, pulse pressure, PPI, and mean arterial pressure were calculated. Meanwhile, cerebral hemodynamic monitoring was completed. Individuals with cerebral hemodynamic indexes ≥75 were classified as normal cerebrovascular function group and those with cerebral hemodynamic indexes <75 as abnormal group. This study divided the PPI into three subgroups: high, medium, and low. According to the Chinese Adult Overweight and Obesity Prevention and Control Guidelines, the BMI was divided into too low, normal, overweight, and obese. The correlations of PPI and BMI with cerebral hemodynamics in different groups were calculated and compared.@*Results@#A total of 12 375 subjects, aged (52.6±7.3) years, were included in the study, consisting of 7 275 men (58.79%) and 5 100 women (41.21%). There were 9 900 patients (80.00%) in the normal group and 2 475 patients (20.00%) in the abnormal group. The abnormal rate of cerebral hemodynamics was higher in the Han nationality； those with a history of hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia. Moreover, those with abnormal cerebral hemodynamic indicators had a higher BMI, systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, pulse pressure and PPI, mean arterial pressure was higher than the normal group (all P<0.001). In different PPI groups, the average blood flow, average velocity, maximum velocity, minimum velocity, and critical pressure level of the left and right sides showed a downward trend with the increase in PPI. Peripheral resistance, pulse wave velocity, characteristic impedance, dynamic resistance, and difference between diastolic and critical pressure all showed an upward trend with the increase in PPI. In different BMI groups, the average blood flow in the obese group on the left side was lower than that in the underweight, normal, and super recombination groups. The average blood flow in the obese group on the right side was lower than that in the normal and super recombination groups and higher than that in the subhypoxia group. The mean, maximum, and minimum velocities of the left and right sides decreased with the increase in BMI. The differences in peripheral resistance, pulse wave velocity, characteristic impedance, dynamic resistance, critical pressure level, diastolic blood pressure, and critical pressure showed an increasing trend with the increase in BMI, and the differences of the above indicators were statistically significant (all P <0.001).The results of unconditional multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that Han nationality, history of hypertension, history of diabetes, PPI, and BMI were the main risk factors for abnormal cerebral hemodynamics. The higher the PPI and BMI, the higher the risk of abnormal cerebral blood flow.@*Conclusion@#The higher the PPI and BMI, the higher the possibility of abnormal cerebral hemodynamic indexes. Extremely high PPI and BMI should be paid greater attention.

A case study of the chief inspection conclusions from physical examination reports of a Tertiary Ⅲ-A hospital in Urumqi / 中华健康管理学杂志

Objective This paper analyzed the conclusion report of physical examinations by the chief inspection physician from the Health Management Center,The First Teaching Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University in Urumqi,to examine the quality of these reports.The research aimed to provide a reference for improving the quality of the chief physician's conclusions from physical examinations.Method Using the method of blinding,three senior physicians as quality control doctors analyzed the value of concordance of 12 489 conclusions from physical examinations by seven chief inspection physicians made from September to October 2017 based on three aspects,including standardization of classified disease-diagnosis handwriting,conclusions of physical examination and sequence of positive results,and unified diagnosis.Results The results showed that value of concordance of standardization of classified disease-diagnosis handwriting of the reports by the seven chief inspection physicians was 95.2％-96.5％ and of conclusions of physical examination and sequence of positive results was 94.0％-96.1％.Additionally,these two values indicated no statistically significant differences among the seven chief inspection physician (x2=9.906,9.740respectively,P＞0.05).However,the concordance value of unified diagnosis by the seven chief inspection physicians was 86.2％-94.6％,displaying statistically significant differences among the chief inspection physicians (x2=92.990,P＜0.001).Conclusion It was concluded through the research that differences in the chief inspection physicians' reports of physical examination reached normalization and unification in aspects of standardization of classified disease-diagnosis handwriting,and conclusions of physical examination and sequence of positive results.However,statistical variations in aspects of unified diagnosis revealed that training should be conducted for the chief inspection physician for physical examination.

Study on the intention and influence factors of general practioner signed service for the staff in Urumqi community health service center / 中华健康管理学杂志

Objective Analysis of community work personnel's general practitioner engaged in service intention and its influencing factors. Methods Between December 2016 and May 2017, using multi-stage cluster random sampling in the Urumqi area,across 7 community health service centers(CHSC) out of 59 in a county jurisdiction,we randomly selected 1-2 community health service centers in each area county.Wethen randomly selected 8 CHSC staff as the research participants and chose a total of 324 community work personnel, 66 male and 258 female, with an average age of (34.7 ± 10.4) years to complete a questionnaire survey.The general practitioner engaged with theservice staff will use chi-square test analysis and logistic regression analysis on the influencing factors. Results Of 324 medical workers in community health service centers, including 250 of Han ethnic group and 74 minority ethnic group workers, 97.6% workers of Han ethnic group and 95.9% of minority ethnic group had signing service awareness; 92.4% of Han workers would sign system services,and 95.9% of the minority ethnic group staff were willing to sign system services. Single factor analysis found that the staff were familiar with the signing system service, attended the health management training in general medicine,had teacher-training background,had teaching experience,wondered whether to have interns,wondered whether it can save manpower,wondered whether workload could be reduced, wondered whether it can improve compliance, and considered doctor-patient relationship. These nine parameters represented service contracts with the GPS system and showed statistically significant differences (χ2=6.433, 12.913, 5.984, 6.448, 14.593, 20.675, 17.031, 84.829, 97.943, respectively;P< 0.05). In the comparison of Han ethnic group and minority workers' signing intention,the nine indicators showed no significant differences(P>0.05).Conclusion Urumqi Han ethnic group and minority community workers' a wareness of signing service, willingness to sign system services, strengthening community staff of general medicine,and training for health management knowledge and skills are advantageous to the community engaged in service.

Prospective cohort study on the predictive value of serum uric acid levels to the incident nonalcoholic fatty liver disease / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

Objective To assess the predictive value of serum uric acid levels to the incident nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)in a cohort of healthy population. Methods A prospective cohort study of NAFLD incidence was conducted in Xinjiang province, from 2012 to 2014. A cohort study was performed on 2 207 subjects with no evidence of fatty liver disease by liver ultrasound and with no major risk factors for liver disease at baseline. All participants were interviewed to carry out the epidemiological questionnaire survey, physical examination, abdominal ultrasonography, as well as blood biochemistry measurements. The hazard ratios of NAFLD were compared among groups with different uric acid levels. All subjects were classified according to serum uric acid (within normal range grouped by quartile: Q1-Q4 group; above the normal range: Q5 group). Results NAFLD was newly diagnosed in 13.72% subjects within the 3-year period. The incidence of NAFLD was increased with elevated serum uric acid quartiles(P<0.01). In multivariate logistic regression, after adjustment for gender, age, race, metabolic syndrome and its components, OR for incident fatty liver in Q2 to Q5 of serum uric acid concentration as compared to Q1 were 2.509, 3.172, 3.392, and 4.041 respectively. Conclusion Elevated serum uric acid concentrations may predict NAFLD in the subjects for a regular health checkup.

Analysis on IL-6-174G/C and-572C/G site gene polymorphism and non-valvular atrial fibrillation population in Xinjiang and national differences / 重庆医学

Objective To investigate the relationship between IL-6-174C/G and-572C/G site gene polymorphism with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation(NVAF) as well as the national differences of interleukin-gene polymorphism between Kazak and Han nationality in Xinjiang region.Methods Seventy-nine Kazak patients of NVAF(Kazak NVAF group),78 Han patients with NVFA (Han NVAF group),75 Han cases of non-AF and 79 Kazak cases of non-AF were selected in Xinjiang region.The venous bloods were collected from extracting DNA.IL-6 gene-174G/C and-572C/G polymorphism in various groups were analyzed by adopting the PCR-RFLP technique.Results The allele frequency of IL-6-572G/C site G in the NVAF group was significantly higher than that in the control group(x2 =4.076,P＜0.05).The allele frequency of IL-6 gene-572 G/C site G had statistical difference between the NVAF group and the control group(OR=1.519,95 ％CI:I.087-2.122,P＜0.05),but the distribution difference between the Han and Kazak control groups had no statistical significance(P＞0.05);the advanced age ≥75 years old)(OR=6.468,95 ％CI:2.427-17.240) and left atrial dimension(OR =1.053,95 ％ CI:1.022-1.085) were the independent factors of AF occurrence;the left ventricular ejection fraction was a protective factor for preventing AF occurrence.The allele frequency of IL-6 gene 174G/C site C and G had no statistical difference among various groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion The allele of IL-6-572 G/C site G is a risk factor of genetic predisposition in NVAF.IL-6-174G/C site gene polymorphism has no relation with the susceptibility of AF.

Effects of luteolin on the secretion of inflammatory cytokines from activated RAW264.7 macrophages / 医学研究生学报

Objective Inflammation is a defensive reaction of body , but excessive inflammatory response can lead to physi-cal injury.The aim of this study was to explore the effects of luteolin on the secretion of inflammatory cytokines from lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon-g(IFN-γ) activated RAW264.7 cells. Methods RAW264.7 cells were divided into 5 groups: control group (without any medicine), M1 group (polarized M1 cells activated by final concentration of 10 ng/mL LPS+20 ng/mL IFN-γ), M1+5L group (simultaneous activation of LPS and IFN-γplus final concentration of 5μmol/L luteolin), M1+10L group(simultaneous activa-tion of LPS and IFN-γplus 10μmol/L luteolin), M1+20L group(simultaneous activation of LPS and IFN-γplus 20μmol/L luteolin). The cell morphological transformation was observed by laser confocal microscope ;the mRNA levels of iNOS , IL-1βand IL-6 were test-ed by real-time quantitative PCR respectively;the secretion levels of TNF-αand IL-6 in culture supernatant were detected by ELISA;the changes of p-STAT3 (ser727) protein pathways were examined by western blot. Results Cellular morphology of activated RAW 264.7 cells changed obviously .Compared with the control group , the mRNA levels of iNOS, IL-1βand IL-6 decreased significantly in the other 4 groups(P<0.05).The iNOS level in M1+20L group significantly de-creased compared with M1 group[(29.52±3.07) vs (98.91±10.65), P<0.01].As to IL-1βlevel, it decreased significantly in M1+10L group(78.38±8.65) and M1+20L group(41.59±6.80) compared with M1 group(110.69±4.12)(P<0.05).While the IL-6 levels decreased significantly in M1+5L group(177.51±19.28), M1+10L group (106.14±5.63), M1+20L group(27.15±1.26), compared with M1 group(394.10±33.47)(P<0.05).LPS+IFN-γcould induce in-creased p-STAT3 (ser727) expression in M1 phenotype of RAW264.7 cells which was proved by its significant increase in M 1 group, M1+5L group and M1+10L group compared with control group (P<0.05).In comparison to M1 group, p-STAT3-ser expression in M1 phenotype downregulated in M1+5L group, M1+10L group, M1+20L group(P<0.05), along with dose-dependent characteristic.Com-pared with control group, the levels of IL-6 and TNF-αincreased significantly in M1 group, M1+5L group and M1+10L group.Com-pared with M1 group, the levels of IL-6 and TNF-αdecreased significantly in M1+5L group, M1+10L group and M1+20L group(P<0.05) , in which IL-6 showed concentration independence and TNF-αshowed no concentration independence . Conclusion Luteolin inhibits the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines through the down-regulation of p-STAT3 so as to exert anti-inflammatory effects .

Association of GCKR gene polymorphisms and type 2 diabetes among ethnic Uygurs / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the association of glucokinase regulator protein (GCKR) gene polymorphisms and type 2 diabetes (T2D) among ethnic Uygurs from Xinjiang, China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One thousand and six T2D patients and 1004 healthy controls were recruited. The rs780094 genotype of the GCKR gene was determined with a Sequenom Mass ARRAY system.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The distribution of GCKR rs780094 AA, AG and GG genotypes were not statistically different between the two groups (P>0.05). After adjusting confounding factors, an association of rs780094 with T2D was observed in an additive and dominant model (OR=1.181, 95%CI: 1.021-1.366, P=0.025; OR=1.296, 95%CI: 1.043-1.610, P=0.019). The total cholesterol level was higher in AA carriers than GG and GA carriers (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The AA genotype of the GCKR rs780094 polymorphism may increase the risk of T2D among ethnic Uygurs from Xinjiang.</p>

Prevalence of dyslipidemia and the risk factors analysis of 39 980 subjects in Urumqi / 中华健康管理学杂志

Objective To analyze the prevalence of dyslipidemia and the risk factors of 39 980 subjects in Urumqi and to explore the characteristics of dyslipidemia's risk factors. Methods The following parameters of the subjects were determined: total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, blood sugar, and uric acid. The prevalence of dyslipidemia of different gender or age and risk factors for dyslipidemia were analyzed. Results Dyslipidemia total detection rate was 55.15%, the rate in male (66.03%) was significantly higher than in women (41.72%) (χ2=2 360.034, P<0.001);and in the men the various types of dyslipidemia detection rate was higher than those in the female, the TC (χ2=66.860, P<0.001) and TG (χ2=2 756.572, P<0.001), LDL-C (χ2=258.636, P<0.001), HDL-C (χ2=2 714.685, P<0.001) were significantly higher in men than in women; the detection rate of dyslipidemiaincreased with age, and then decreased gradually in the age group 50-59 years after the peak, the (high total cholesterol (χ2=2 529.462, P<0.001), hypertriglyceridemia (χ2=1 389.313, P<0.001) high LDL-C (χ2=1 552.074, P<0.001), low HDL-C (χ2=97.279, P<0.001) of all age groups the dyslipidemia detection rate differences were statistically significant. Risk factors of dyslipidemia: Logistic regression analyses showed that male gender (OR=1.681;95%CI:1.337-1.928), age (OR=1.299;95%CI:1.270-1.330), high diastolic blood pressure (OR=1.248;95%CI:1.145-1.361), high waist circumference(OR=1.895;95%CI:1.638-1.956), high uric acid(OR=1.200;95%CI:1.094-1.317), high blood glucose(OR=1.366;95%CI:1.229-1.517), high TG(OR=4.043;95%CI:3.770-4.335), high LDL-C(OR=40.148;95%CI:37.341-43.166), low HDL-C ( OR=1.982;95%CI:1.432-2.511) were closely correlated with the high TC; male ( OR=1.956;95%CI:1.853-2.066), high age(OR=1.060;95%CI:1.040-1.080), high BMI(OR=2.097;95%CI:1.968-2.235), high diastolic blood pressure(OR=1.512;95%CI:1.411-1.620), high waist circumference(OR=1.397;95%CI:1.313-1.478), high uric acid(OR=2.146;95%CI:1.995-2.308), high blood glucose(OR=1.498;95%CI:1.375-1.631), high TC(OR=4.030;95%CI:3.821-4.250), low HDL-C(OR=4.003;95%CI:3.764-4.258) were closely correlated with the high TG. Conclusion The prevalence of dyslipidemia is high in Urumqi area. Improving prevention knowledge, attention to life style, regular physical examination, abnormal condition in time, are important to prevent and reduce the occurrence of vascular diseases.

Clinical research on two preventive measures for facial skin injury caused by endotracheal intubation and fixation / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To find a safer and more effective facial care method,reduce the incidence rate of facial skin injury,and improve patients' comfort level,as well as work efficiency of nursing.Methods 90 patients with orotracheal intubation were divided into the control group,transparent dressing group and skin protecting membrane group by random number table method.The control group was conducted with basic facial nursing;the transparent dressing group was applied with protective transparent dressing on the basis of basic facial nursing;the skin protecting membrane group was applied with skin protecting membrane on the basis of basic facial nursing.This research was conducted by observing and recording the incidence rate of skin injury,severity of skin injury,patients' comfort level,duration of skin care and the results.Results The incidence rate of facial skin injury was as follows:skin protecting membrane group 6.89％ (2/29)and transparent dressing group 15.15％(5/33)were better than the control group 50.00％(14/28),statistical significance was found among the three groups (X2=16.75,P ＜ 0.05);The times of facial skin nursing was as follows:the skin protecting membrane group (4.28±0.53) times was less than transparent dressing group (4.52±0.76) times and the control group (6.04±1.35) times,statistical significance was found among the three groups (Hc=32.65,P ＜ 0.05).Patients' comfort level comparison were as follows:the skin protecting membrane group was better than transparent dressing group and the control group,statistical significance was found among the three groups (Hc=22.42,P ＜ 0.05);Duration of skin care were as follows:skin protecting membrane group (10.40±1.35) minutes was less than transparent dressing group (14.09±1.27) minutes and the control group (12.35±1.28) minutes,statistical significance was found among the three groups (F=85.87,P＜ 0.05).Conclusions Skin protective membrane can effectively reduce the incidence and severity of facial skin injury on patients with orotracheal incubation,improve patients' comfort level,and greatly reduce operation time for nurses through its easer operation and less time consumption.

Clinical study of three kinds of nursing interventions for prevention of incontinence associated der-matitis in critically ill patients / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To study the effect of skin protective membrane, semi-transparent dressing and combination of the two in critically ill patients with incontinence associated dermatitis (IAD) skin protection. Methods A total of 114 patients who were admitted into ICU and NICU of Hebei Xingtai People′s Hospital from December 2013 to November 2014 were selected. These subjects were divided into 3 groups randomly. All three groups received routine skin care, on this basis, skin protective membrane group (34 cases) used skin protective membrane for skin protection, semi-transparent dressing group (40 cases) adopted semi-permeable dressing for skin protection, while the combination group (40 cases) used skin protective membrane combined with semi-transparent dressing for skin protection. The incidence, occurrence and severity of IAD in the three groups were compared. Results The incidence rate of IAD in the combination group was 20.0%(8/40), 20.6%(7/34) in the skin protective membrane group, and significantly lower than 47.5% (19/40) in the semi-transparent dressing group, the difference was significant ( χ2=9.201, P<0.05). The occurrence time of IAD in the combination group was (4.75±0.46) days, which was significantly longer than those of the skin protective membrane group [(3.86±1.35) days] and the semi-transparent dressing group [(2.74±0.73) days], the difference was significant (F=17.120, P < 0.05). The IAD severity of the combination group scored 3.63 ±0.92, which was significantly lower than those of the skin protective membrane group (5.29±1.11) and the semi-transparent dressing group (6.74±1.79), the difference was significant (F=12.240, P<0.05). Conclusions Skin protective membrane combined with semi-transparent dressing have priority in decreasing IAD incidence rate, and delaying the occurrence time of IAD, and relieving the severity of IAD, which is better than either of the two.

Association between type 2 diabetes in Uygur and polymorphisms of SLC30A8 and its interaction with smoking / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the relationship between the polymorphism of solute carrier family 30, member 8 (SLC30A8) gene and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Uyhgur in Xinjiang and further analyze the interaction between SLC30A8 gene polymorphism loci and smoking.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A case control study, including 1 000 patients with T2DM and 1 010 non-diabetic controls, was conducted in Xinjiang. All the subjects were Uygur and the age difference between the two groups was within 3 years. Physical examination and blood biochemical detection were performed to obtain personal clinical parameters. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of SLC30A8 of all the subjects was tested by using MALDI-TOF. Statistical analyses were performed with SPSS 16.0. Bootstrap method was used to calculate 95% confidence intervals of RERI, AP and S.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After adjusting BMI, SBP, TC, HDL-C and LDL-C, rs13266634 of SLC30A8 gene genotype frequency and allele frequency distribution had statistical differences (P<0.05). Rs13266634 of risk allele were C, OR was 1.194 (95% CI: 1.044-1.366). In addition, the data from genotype distribution analysis under different models showed that significant association between rs13266634 and T2DM in dominant model, OR was 1.640 (95% CI 1.072-2.510). The product of rs13266634 with the active smoking or passive smoking had no statistical significance (P>0.05) , indicating there were no multiplication interaction among them. Additive interactions index of RERI, AP and S and its 95% confidence interval of rs13266634 and active smoking, rs13266634 and passive smoking were 0.301 (-1.314-0.712), 0.204 (-0.854-0.446), 0.612 (0.186-2.013) and 0.125 (-0.805-1.055), 0.052 (-0.353-0.456), 1.096 (0.500-2.403) respectively, indicating there were no significant additive interaction among them.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Rs13666334 of SLC30A8 gene is associated with the susceptibility of T2DM in Uygur, and its protective genotype might be TT. Passive smoking might increase the risk of T2DM in Uygur.</p>

Endoscopic therapy in undifferentiated early gastric cancer / 中国肿瘤临床

Objective:To investigate the clinicopathological factors predictive of lymph node metastasis (LNM) in undifferentiat-ed early gastric cancer (EGC) and to expand the possibility of endoscopic therapy for treating undifferentiated EGC.Methods:The re-searchers collected the data of 90 undifferentiated EGC patients who had undergone surgery at the Xingtai People's Hospital, Xingtai, China. The relationship between LNM and clinicopathological factors was retrospectively analyzed using univariate and multivariate lo-gistic regression analyses. Results:Univariate analysis showed that tumor size, lymphatic vessel involvement (LVI), and cancer inva-sion depth were the significant and independent risk factors for LNM. The LNM rate was 57.1%in patients with the three clinicopatho-logical risk factors. LNM was not found in patients without the three risk factors. Conclusion:Tumor size, LVI, and invasion depth are independently associated with the presence of LNM in undifferentiated EGC. Endoscopic therapy can be used to treat the patients with-out risk factors.

Radiosynthesis and preliminary evaluation of 5-(11Cmethyloxy)-L-tryptophan as PET tumor imaging / 药学学报

The PET tracer 5-([11C]methyloxy)-L-tryptophan (5-(11)CMTP) was prepared by nucleophilic fluorination and alkylation reaction via a two-step procedure in order to develop specific tumor probe. The biodistribution and microPET imaging of 5-(11)CMTP were executed. The results unveiled that the overall radiochemical yield with no decay correction was (14.6 ±7.2) %, the radiochemical purity was more than 95% and high uptake and long retention time of 5-(11)CMTP in liver, kidney and blood were observed but low uptake in brain and muscle were found, furthermore, high uptake of 5-(11)CMTP in tumor tissue was observed. It seems that 5-(11)CMTP will be a potential amino acid tracer for tumors imaging with PET.