RESUMO
BACKGROUND: It is known that the incidence of skin cancer is rising rapidly worldwide, but no reliable figures on multiple nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) are available. AIM: To determine the actual incidence of skin cancer in dermatology practice and to estimate how this relates to the first primary tumours (registered at the Eindhoven Cancer Registry). METHODS: We examined 1001 randomly selected patient records at Catharina Hospital Eindhoven for mention of skin cancer. For each patient, skin cancers were recorded in a database, starting from 1 January 2004 until 1 March 2010. The time interval between tumours and any history of skin cancer were also recorded. RESULTS: Of this group, 876 patients were treated for skin cancer during the study period. We recorded a total of 2106 tumours with a mean of 2.4 skin cancers per patient. Nearly half (46%) of patients developed multiple tumours, and the second tumour developed within a median period of 5 months. Over a quarter (28%) of patients were known to have had skin cancer before 2004, the start of the study period. CONCLUSIONS: The number of NMSCs in practice differs substantially from the number of first primary histologically confirmed NMSCs, as usually reported by the Eindhoven Cancer Registry. To obtain the optimum benefit from registration of NMSC, it is recommended to register all NMSCs, because only this complete number will give an insight into the incidence of the rising skin-cancer numbers. Because subsequent tumours occur frequently, NMSC should be regarded as a chronic disease, and innovations in disease management are required for cost-effective control.
Assuntos
Carcinoma/epidemiologia , Melanoma/epidemiologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Dermatologia/estatística & dados numéricos , Feminino , Departamentos Hospitalares/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Incidência , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias Primárias Múltiplas/epidemiologia , Países Baixos/epidemiologia , Sistema de Registros/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Adulto JovemRESUMO
AIM: Recent phylogenetic analyses on the herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) genes US4, encoding glycoprotein G (gG) and US7, encoding gI, of clinical HSV-1 isolates have led to the classification of HSV-1 into three genotypes, arbitrarily designated as A, B and C. The prevalence of the HSV-1 gG and gI genotypes and their potential disease association was determined in a large cohort of patients with herpetic keratitis (HK). METHODS: Primary corneal HSV-1 isolates of 178 HK patients were genotyped by a PCR-based restriction fragment length polymorphism method targeting the viral genes US4 and US7. RESULTS: Genotype B was more frequently expressed by the corneal HSV-1 isolates compared with genotypes A and C. Fifty-five of 178 corneal isolates (31%) had different genotypes in both loci. No clinically relevant associations were observed between the HSV-1 genotypes and disease outcome in the HK patients studied. CONCLUSIONS: The data presented demonstrate a high frequency of recombinant corneal HSV-1 isolates and suggest that clinical outcome of HSV-1-induced keratitis is independent of a gG or gI genotype.
Assuntos
Herpesvirus Humano 1/genética , Ceratite Herpética/virologia , Proteínas do Envelope Viral/genética , Idoso , Estudos de Coortes , DNA Viral/genética , DNA Viral/isolamento & purificação , Feminino , Genótipo , Herpesvirus Humano 1/classificação , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Países Baixos , Polimorfismo de Fragmento de Restrição , Proteínas do Envelope Viral/análiseRESUMO
We characterized a novel extracellular matrix element that is present in the earliest developmental stages of Xenopus laevis, and is recognized by an mAb 3D7. Based on amino acid composition, breakdown patterns by bacterial collagenases, and the molecular weights of the components of the antigen (240, 200, and 140 kD), we found it very similar to mammalian collagen type VI. The antigen is evenly distributed in unfertilized eggs. Shortly after fertilization, it becomes localized intracellularly in the periphery of the cleaving embryo as well as in the extracellular spaces. During gastrulation, the antigen was localized in the cells lining the blastopore and in the extracellular space between the two cell layers, in the presumptive archenteron. When Fab elements of the 3D7 antibody were added to the culture medium, gastrulation was blocked, suggesting a role for the antigen in gastrulation movements.
Assuntos
Colágeno/fisiologia , Embrião não Mamífero/fisiologia , Gástrula/fisiologia , Aminoácidos/análise , Animais , Anticorpos Monoclonais , Western Blotting , Cromatografia de Afinidade , Colágeno/isolamento & purificação , Eletroforese em Gel de Poliacrilamida , Embrião não Mamífero/citologia , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Feminino , Fertilização , Gástrula/citologia , Colagenase Microbiana , Peso Molecular , Pepsina A , Xenopus laevisRESUMO
CHO cell lines that constitutively produce the murine interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) subspecies alpha 4 and alpha 6 were constructed. The producer cell lines were protected against viral (vesicular stomatitis virus) infection by the IFN species secreted, but were resistant to the growth inhibitory activity of the IFN species. As compared with alpha 4, the alpha 6 protein displayed a high antiproliferative activity when added to normal CHO cells, which correlates completely with the high antiviral activity of alpha 6 on these cells. Three messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) species, which are normally induced in CHO cells by IFN treatment (1-8, 2-5A synthetase, and ISG 15) were constitutively present in CHO producer cell lines. The level of another mRNA (ISG 54), however, was very low in the producer cells as compared with its expression in short-term IFN-treated cells. These data indicate that 1-8, 2-5A synthetase and ISG 15 are not involved in the antigrowth activity of IFN in this system, but rather suggest a function of ISG 54 in this respect.
