Ecological trap for seabirds due to the contamination caused by the Fundão dam collapse, Brazil.

Human-induced rapid environmental changes can disrupt habitat quality in the short term. A decrease in quality of habitats associated with preference for these over other available higher quality is referred as ecological trap. In 2015, the Fundão dam containing iron mining tailings, eastern Brazil, collapsed and released about 50 million cubic meters of metal-rich mud composed by Fe, As, Cd, Hg, Pb in three rivers and the adjacent continental shelf. The area is a foraging site for dozens of seabird and shorebird species. In this study, we used a dataset from before and after Fundão dam collapse containing information on at-sea distribution during foraging activities (biologging), dietary aspects (stable isotopes), and trace elements concentration in feathers and blood from three seabird species known to use the area as foraging site: Phaethon aethereus, Sula leucogaster, and Pterodroma arminjoniana. In general, a substantial change in foraging strategies was not detected, as seabirds remain using areas and food resources similar to those used before the dam collapse. However, concentration of non-essential elements increased (e.g., Cd and As) while essential elements decreased (e.g., Mn and Zn), suggesting that the prey are contaminated by trace elements from tailings. This scenario represents evidence of an ecological trap as seabirds did not change habitat use, even though it had its quality reduced by contamination. The sinking-resuspension dynamics of tailings deposited on the continental shelf can temporally increase seabird exposure to contaminants, which can promote deleterious effects on populations using the region as foraging sites in medium and long terms.

Práticas complementares ao transtorno do espectro autista infantil: revisão integrativa da literatura / Complementary practices to child autistic spectrum disorder: integrative literature review

Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo é identificar as práticas complementares ao transtorno do espectro autista infantil (TEA) encontradas em publicações nacional e internacional. Métodos: O presente artigo visa apresentar uma Revisão Integrativa da Literatura (RIL) com enfoque qualitativo e exploratório fundamentada na análise de conteúdo de Laurence Bardin. Resultados: Este estudo mostrou por meio da busca bibliográfica a análise de artigos da literatura nacional e internacional, no que se refere à publicação sistematizada nos periódicos acerca do autismo e as terapias complementares. Conclusão: Se conclui que as práticas complementares contribuem de forma eficaz para o tratamento do TEA, possibilitando um prognóstico e evolução positiva no desenvolvimento físico, motor e na comunicação verbal e não verbal. (AU)

Objective: The objective of this study is to identify the complementary practices to the infantile autism spectrum disorder (ASD) found in national and international publications. Methods: This article aims to present an Integrative Literature Review (RIL) with a qualitative and exploratory focus based on the content analysis of Laurence Bardin. Results: This study showed, through the bibliographic search, the analysis of articles from national and international literature, regarding the systematic publication in journals about autism and complementary therapies. Conclusion: It is concluded that complementary practices contribute effectively to the treatment of ASD, enabling a prognosis and positive evolution in physical, motor development and verbal and nonverbal communication. (AU)

Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio es identificar las prácticas complementarias al trastorno del espectro autista (TEA) que se encuentran en publicaciones nacionales e internacionales. Métodos: Este artículo tiene como objetivo presentar una Revisión Integral de Literatura (RIL) con un enfoque cualitativo y exploratorio basado en el análisis de contenido de Laurence Bardin. Resultados: Este estudio mostró, a través de la búsqueda bibliográfica, el análisis de artículos de literatura nacional e internacional sobre la publicación sistemática en revistas sobre autismo y terapias complementarias. Conclusión: Se concluye que las prácticas complementarias contribuyen de manera efectiva al tratamiento del TEA, permitiendo un pronóstico y evolución positivos en la comunicación física, motora y verbal y no verbal. (AU)