Benefícios da cinesioterapia respiratória no pós-operatório de colecistectomia laparoscópica / Benefits of postoperative respiratory kinesiotherapy following laparoscopic cholecystectomy

INTRODUÇÃO: Alterações da função pulmonar após cirurgia abdominal levam à redução do volume pulmonar, prejudicando as trocas gasosas. OBJETIVO: Avaliar os efeitos da cinesioterapia respiratória sobre a função pulmonar e a força muscular respiratória em pacientes submetidos à colecistectomia laparoscópica. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Em estudo prospectivo, 20 mulheres e 16 homens (idade: 48,4 ± 9,55 anos), submetidos à colecistectomia laparoscópica, foram divididos aleatoriamente: 17 realizaram exercícios respiratórios (respiração diafragmática, sustentação máxima da inspiração e inspiração fracionada) e 19 participaram como Grupo Controle. Todos realizaram avaliação das pressões respiratórias máximas (PImax e PEmax), pico de fluxo expiratório (PFE) e espirometria, medindo capacidade vital (CV), capacidade vital forçada (CVF), volume expiratório no primeiro segundo (VEF1), relação VEF1/CVF no pré-operatório e diariamente até o sexto pós-operatório (PO). RESULTADOS: Os valores de pré-operatório não foram estatisticamente diferentes entre os dois grupos. Ambos os grupos apresentaram diminuição de todas as variáveis no 1º PO (p< 0,05). O Grupo Exercício permaneceu com diminuição até o 2º PO para CV, CVF e VEF1 (p< 0,05), 3º PO para PImax e PFE (p< 0,05) e 4º PO para PEmax (p< 0,05), enquanto que, no Grupo Controle, os valores de todas as variáveis retornaram a partir do 5º PO. Os valores de PImax e PEmax foram maiores no Grupo Exercício que no Grupo Controle desde o 3º e 2º PO (p< 0,05), respectivamente. CONCLUSÕES: A cinesioterapia respiratória contribuiu para a recuperação precoce da função pulmonar e da força muscular dos pacientes submetidos à colecistectomia laparoscópica.

INTRODUCTION: Pulmonary function changes following abdominal surgery lead to reduced pulmonary volume, thus compromising gas exchanges. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of respiratory kinesiotherapy on pulmonary function and respiratory muscle strength in patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy. METHODS: Twenty women and 16 men (age 48.4 ± 9.55 years) who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy were prospectively studied. They were randomly divided as follows: 17 subjects performed breathing exercises (diaphragmatic respiration, maximum sustained inspiration and fractional inspiration) and 19 participated as a Control Group. All of them underwent evaluations of maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures (MIP and MEP), peak expiratory flow (PEF) and spirometry, with measurements of vital capacity (VC), forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) and the FEV1/FVC ratio before the operation and daily until the sixth postoperative day (POD). RESULTS: The preoperative parameters were not statistically different between the two groups. Both groups presented decreases in all variables on the first POD (p< 0.05). The Exercise Group continued to present decreased values until the second POD for VC, FVC, and FEV1 (p< 0.05), until the third POD for MIP and PEF (p< 0.05) and the fourth POD for MEP (p< 0.05). For the Control Group, the values of all the variables began to normalize on the fifth POD. The MIP and MEP values in the Exercise Group were higher than those in the controls, from the third and second POD onwards, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Respiratory kinesiotherapy contributed towards early recovery of pulmonary function and muscle strength among patients who had undergone laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Insulin-like growth factor I levels during growth hormone (GH) replacement in GH-deficient adults: a gender difference.

To evaluate the variation of serum IGF-1 levels during GH replacement and observe gender differences, 29 adults with GH deficiency (mean age 42.5 +/- 10.1 year), were studied. Serum IGF-1 was assessed every 4 weeks during the titration period and afterwards every 3 months of GH therapy. At baseline 77.7% of women and 45.4% of men had serum baseline IGF-1 levels below the lower limit of normal age-related reference range. The time to reach the maintenance dose was lower in men than women (p < 0.05). There was an increase in IGF-1 levels after one year of GH therapy, significant only in men (p < 0.01). IGF-1 concentrations were higher in men than women (p < 0.05), at the 12th and 18th months of GH therapy. GH dose was reduced by 25% in men (p < 0.01). At the end of the study the mean GH dose was lower in men than in women (p < 0.05). The factor responsible for these findings is not known, however a possible role of androgens has been suggested.