Neutrophil virucidal activity against SARS-CoV-2 is mediated by NETs.

BACKGROUND: The inflammation in the lungs and other vital organs in COVID-19 are characterized by the presence of neutrophils and high concentration of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), which also seems to mediate host tissue damage. However, it is not known whether NETs could have virucidal activity against SARS-CoV-2. METHODS: We investigated whether NETs could prevent SARS-CoV-2 replication in neutrophils and epithelial cells, and what the consequence of NETs degradation in K18-humanized ACE2 transgenic mice infected with SARS-CoV-2. RESULTS: Here, by immunofluorescence microscopy we observed that viral particles co-localize with NETs in neutrophils isolated from COVID-19 patients or from healthy individuals and infected in vitro. The inhibition of NETs production increased virus replication in neutrophils. In parallel, we observed that NETs inhibited virus abilities to infect and replicate in epithelial cells after 24 h of infection. Degradation of NETs with DNase I prevented their virucidal effect in vitro. Using K18-humanized ACE2 transgenic mice we observed a higher viral load in animals treated with DNase I. On the other hand, the virucidal effect of NETs was not dependent on neutrophil elastase or myeloperoxidase activity. CONCLUSION: Our results provide evidence of the role of NETosis as a mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 viral capture and inhibition.

Comparison of senescence phenotype of short- and long- term cultured rat mesenchymal stem cells in vitro.

Mesenchymal stem cells present clinical potential to recover and regenerate injured tissues in diverse pathologies. The in vitro expansion and characterization of these cells contribute to elucidation of the mechanisms of senescence and strategies involving cell therapies. This study aimed to compare specific characteristics between initial and advanced passages of mesenchymal stem cells derived from adipose tissue and bone marrow. Both cell types were characterized according to immunophenotype, osteogenic differentiation, genomic instability, migration assay, doubling population time and colony forming ability. Our results demonstrated that both cell types were able to maintain an immunophenotypic profile typical of mesenchymal stem cells during increasing passages. Adipose stem cells at initial passage presented greater migration capacity compared to advanced passage cells, and advanced passage cells proliferated faster than initial passage cells. Bone marrow stem cells at early passages presented higher osteogenic potential than advanced. At advanced passages they presented higher colony forming capacity and genetic damage than those at initial passage. These results suggest that mesenchymal stem cells maintained in culture presented characteristics of senescence that should be monitored prior the use in regenerative medicine and cells derived from bone marrow at initial passage have better potential for therapeutic use in bone tissue engineering.

Fibromyalgia: A Review of Related Polymorphisms and Clinical Relevance.

Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic pain syndrome that affects the central nervous system and generates disability, which is characterized by generalized pain, fatigue, and functional decline. In this review, we aimed to identify the polymorphisms related to the pathophysiology of FM and the clinical characteristics generated by genetic influence. Only original studies with genes related to FM were considered, totaling 27 articles. The genes found were: MTHFR, RGS4, MYT1L, TACR1, SCN9A, DRD3, ADRB2, IL-4, HLA-DRB1, EDN1, CNR1, TAAR1, OPRM1, ADRA1A, ADRB3, BDNF, GRIA4, HTR3A, HTR3B, HTR2A, SERPINA 1 or A1AT, NRXN3, GCH1, MEFV, TRPV3, SLC6A4, ACE I/D, TSPO, COMT, and MAOA. Several genes related to different pain syndromes and altered pain thresholds have been identified and some polymorphisms were related to susceptibility to FM. It was observed that 73.33% of the genes related to FM were also associated with some psychological disorders, such as anxiety, depression, schizophrenia, and obsessive and compulsive disorder, and 40.00% with pain sensitivity and/or migraine, besides other disorders associated (drug addiction, autoimmune disorders, circulatory problems, and metabolic alterations). This review demonstrated an association of FM and genetic polymorphisms that can expand our knowledge about the pathophysiology of this disease.

Neutrophil and Eosinophil DNA Extracellular Trap Formation: Lessons From Pathogenic Fungi.

Fungal infections represent a worldwide health problem. Fungal pathogens are responsible for a variety of conditions, including superficial diseases, allergic pathologies and potentially lethal invasive infections. Neutrophils and eosinophils have been implicated as effector cells in several pathologies. Neutrophils are major effector cells involved in the control of fungal infections and exhibit a plethora of antifungal mechanisms, such as phagocytosis, reactive oxygen species production, degranulation, extracellular vesicle formation, and DNA extracellular trap (ET) release. Eosinophils are polymorphonuclear cells classically implicated as effector cells in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases and helminthic infections, although their roles as immunomodulatory players in both innate and adaptive immunity are currently recognized. Eosinophils are also endowed with antifungal activities and are abundantly found in allergic conditions associated with fungal colonization and sensitization. Neutrophils and eosinophils have been demonstrated to release their nuclear and mitochondrial DNA in response to many pathogens and pro-inflammatory stimuli. ETs have been implicated in the killing and control of many pathogens, as well as in promoting inflammation and tissue damage. The formation of ETs by neutrophils and eosinophils has been described in response to pathogenic fungi. Here, we provide an overview of the mechanisms involved in the release of neutrophil and eosinophil ETs in response to fungal pathogens. General implications for understanding the formation of ETs and the roles of ETs in fungal infections are discussed.

Systems chemo-biology analysis of DNA damage response and cell cycle effects induced by coal exposure.

Cell cycle alterations are among the principle hallmarks of cancer. Consequently, the study of cell cycle regulators has emerged as an important topic in cancer research, particularly in relation to environmental exposure. Particulate matter and coal dust around coal mines have the potential to induce cell cycle alterations. Therefore, in the present study, we performed chemical analyses to identify the main compounds present in two mineral coal samples from Colombian mines and performed systems chemo-biology analysis to elucidate the interactions between these chemical compounds and proteins associated with the cell cycle. Our results highlight the role of oxidative stress generated by the exposure to the residues of coal extraction, such as major inorganic oxides (MIOs), inorganic elements (IEs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) on DNA damage and alterations in the progression of the cell cycle (blockage and/or delay), as well as structural dysfunction in several proteins. In particular, IEs such as Cr, Ni, and S and PAHs such as benzo[a]pyrene may have influential roles in the regulation of the cell cycle through DNA damage and oxidative stress. In this process, cyclins, cyclin-dependent kinases, zinc finger proteins such as TP53, and protein kinases may play a central role.

Cytotoxic and genotoxic evaluation of cotinine using human neuroblastoma cells (SH-SY5Y).

Cotinine is the main metabolite of nicotine, which is metabolized in the liver through a cytochrome P450 enzyme. Different studies point to genetic instability caused by nicotine, such as single and double DNA strand breaks and micronuclei formation, but little is known about the effect of cotinine. Therefore, the present in vitro study assessed the effects of cotinine on cell viability and DNA damage in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells, as well as genotoxicity related to oxidative stress mechanisms. Comparisons with nicotine were also performed. An alkaline comet assay modified by repair endonucleases (FPG, OGG1, and Endo III) was used to detect oxidized nucleobases. SH-SY5Y neuronal cells were cultured under standard conditions and exposed for 3 h to different concentrations of cotinine and nicotine. Cytotoxicity was observed at higher doses of cotinine and nicotine in the MTT assay. In the trypan blue assay, cells showed viability above 80% for both compounds. Alkaline comet assay results demonstrated a significant increase in damage index and frequency for cells treated with cotinine and nicotine, presenting genotoxicity. The results of the enzyme-modified comet assay suggest a DNA oxidative damage induced by nicotine. Unlike other studies, our results demonstrated genotoxicity induced by both cotinine and nicotine. The similar effects observed for these two pyridine alkaloids may be due to the similarity of their structures.

Selection for Growth and Precocity Alters Muscle Metabolism in Nellore Cattle.

To clarify the relationship between beef genetic selection for growth and precocity with muscle metabolism and metabolites, we performed metabolomic analysis using Longissimus lumborum (LL) muscle from Nellore cattle with divergent selection for these traits (high growth, HG; low growth, LG; high precocity, HP; low precocity, LP). Genetic potential for growth affected muscle protein and energetic metabolism. HG animals had a high concentration of arginine, carnosine, and leucine compared to LG animals. HP animals presented a high concentration of glutamine, betaine, creatinine, isoleucine, carnitine, acetyl carnitine, and lower levels of glucose compared to LP animals, affecting protein and fatty acid metabolism. Intensity of selection (high or low) was correlated with changes in protein metabolism, and the type of selection (growth or precocity) affected fat metabolism. In conclusion, both HG and HP appear to be correlated with a high concentration of protein metabolites and changes in protein metabolic pathways, while selection for precocity is more correlated with changes in fat metabolism compared to animals selected for growth.

Complicações do cateter port a cath: subsídios para os cuidados de enfermagem / Complications of port a cath catheter: subsidies for nursing care

O Sistema Único de Saúde deve estar orientado e capacitado para a atenção integral à saúde do paciente oncológico. Sendo assim, houve o despertar em apreender as complicações clínicas que levavam à retirada do cateter port a cath. Traçamos como objetivos: descrever as complicações que levam a retirada do cateter port a cath no paciente oncológico; analisar as complicações que levam à retirada do cateter port a cath no paciente oncológico, trazendo subsídios para os cuidados de enfermagem. O método apresenta-se como pesquisa documental, de caráter quantitativo e natureza descritiva e retrospectiva de dados extraídos de prontuários, através de um instrumento de coleta de dados. No desdobramento dos achados das complicações relatadas referentes ao cateter port a cath, empregou-se a análise de estatística descritiva e a infecção foi a principal complicação. Conclui-se que o impacto do resultado da pesquisa poderá promover a melhoria da assistência, maior disponibilidade para as mudanças de atitude e comportamento da equipe de enfermagem

The Unified Health System (SUS) should be oriented and trained to provide comprehensive health care for cancer patients. Thus, there was an awakening in learning about the clinical complications that led to the removal of the catheter port a cath. The goals of this research are: to describe and analyze the complications that lead to the removal of the port to cath catheter in cancer patients, bringing subsidies to the nursing care. Documentary, quantitative and descriptive research of data extracted from medical records through an instrument of data collection. In the unfolding of the findings of the reported complications related to the port a cath catheter, the analysis of descriptive statistics was used, and infection was the main complication. The impact of the research result may promote improved care, greater availability for changes in attitude and behavior of the nursing team

Isolation and characterization of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells from Ctenomys minutus.

Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells distributed in all tissues and characterized by adherence, morphology, immunophenotype and trilineage differentiation potential. The present study aimed to isolate and characterize adherent MSC-like populations from different tissues of Ctenomys minutus, a threatened wildlife rodent popularly known as tuco-tuco. Adherent cells were isolated from bone marrow, brain, liver, pancreas and adipose tissue of three adult animals collect in southern Brazil. Cultures showed typical morphology and proliferation potential. Adipose-derived MSCs showed trilineage potential. Cultures derived from adipose tissue, bone marrow and brain were immunophenotyped with negative results for CD31, CD44, CD45, CD106, and MHC class II, as well as strong positive results for CD29. Low fluorescence levels were seen for CD49d, CD90.2 and CD117. Cultures were negative for CD49e, except for brain-derived cultures that were weakly positive. CD11b was negative in adipose-derived MSCs, but positive in brain and bone marrow-derived cultures. The scratch assay showed high migration potential for pancreas and adipose tissue-derived cells. This study represents the first report of isolation and characterization of cultures having characteristics of MSCs from Ctenomys minutus. The collection of biological information for biobanks represents an important contribution to the creation of strategies for prevention of loss of genetic diversity.

[Insufficient levels of physical activity of adolescents associated with sociodemographic, environmental and school factors]. / Níveis insuficientes de atividade física de adolescentes associados a fatores sociodemográficos, ambientais e escolares.

This study investigated the associations between the level of physical activity with sociodemographic, environmental and academic factors of adolescents. Two thousand five hundred and forty-five adolescents aged between 14 and 18 from Florianópolis and neighboring cities participated in this study. The short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used. The prevalence of inactive adolescents was 48.6%, being higher among females (53.9%). For girls, physical inactivity was associated with the lack of appropriate and free places for physical activity (OR = 1.30 95% CI 1.05 to 1.82), with no influence of other variables. For boys who had no professional activity (OR = 1.54 95% CI 1.14 to 2.08), less educated mothers (OR = 0.41 95% CI 0.27 to 0.75), or graduate mothers (OR = 0.35 95% CI 0,17- 0,73), living in major cities (OR = 1.64 95% CI 1.17 to 2.31) and low socioeconomic classification when compared to the average (OR = 0.69 95% CI 0.49 to 0.97) were more prone to physical inactivity. It was observed that the socio-demographic variables were associated with the inactive behavior of boys and environmental variables were associated with the physical inactivity of girls. Among the academic factors, only having to repeat a year was associated with inactivity, and only for girls.

Este estudo investigou as associações entre o nível de atividade física com os fatores sociodemográficos, ambientais e escolares de adolescentes. Participaram 2.545 jovens de 14 a 18 anos dos municípios da Grande Florianópolis. Foi utilizada a versão curta do Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física (IPAQ). A prevalência de jovens inativos foi de 48,6%, sendo maior no sexo feminino (53,9%). Para as moças, a inatividade física esteve associada com a falta de lugares apropriados e gratuitos para a prática de atividade física (OR = 1,30 IC95%1,05-1,82), independente da influência das outras variáveis. Já para os rapazes, aqueles que não possuíam atividade profissional (OR = 1,54 IC95%1,14-2,08), mães de menor instrução (OR = 0,41 IC95% 0,27-0,75) ou mães com ensino superior (OR = 0,35 IC95% 0,17- 0,73), pertencentes a cidades de grande porte (OR = 1,64 IC95%1,17-2,31) e classificação socioeconômica baixa quando comparada à média (OR = 0,69 IC95% 0,49-0,97), apresentaram maior chance de inatividade física. Observou-se que as variáveis sociodemográficas estiveram associadas ao comportamento inativo dos rapazes e às variáveis ambientais se associaram a inatividade física das moças. Já dentre os fatores escolares, apenas a reprovação escolar foi associada com inatividade, e somente para as moças.

Níveis insuficientes de atividade física de adolescentes associados a fatores sociodemográficos, ambientais e escolares / Insufficient levels of physical activity of adolescents associated with sociodemographic, environmental and school factors

Resumo Este estudo investigou as associações entre o nível de atividade física com os fatores sociodemográficos, ambientais e escolares de adolescentes. Participaram 2.545 jovens de 14 a 18 anos dos municípios da Grande Florianópolis. Foi utilizada a versão curta do Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física (IPAQ). A prevalência de jovens inativos foi de 48,6%, sendo maior no sexo feminino (53,9%). Para as moças, a inatividade física esteve associada com a falta de lugares apropriados e gratuitos para a prática de atividade física (OR = 1,30 IC95%1,05-1,82), independente da influência das outras variáveis. Já para os rapazes, aqueles que não possuíam atividade profissional (OR = 1,54 IC95%1,14-2,08), mães de menor instrução (OR = 0,41 IC95% 0,27-0,75) ou mães com ensino superior (OR = 0,35 IC95% 0,17- 0,73), pertencentes a cidades de grande porte (OR = 1,64 IC95%1,17-2,31) e classificação socioeconômica baixa quando comparada à média (OR = 0,69 IC95% 0,49-0,97), apresentaram maior chance de inatividade física. Observou-se que as variáveis sociodemográficas estiveram associadas ao comportamento inativo dos rapazes e às variáveis ambientais se associaram a inatividade física das moças. Já dentre os fatores escolares, apenas a reprovação escolar foi associada com inatividade, e somente para as moças.

Abstract This study investigated the associations between the level of physical activity with sociodemographic, environmental and academic factors of adolescents. Two thousand five hundred and forty-five adolescents aged between 14 and 18 from Florianópolis and neighboring cities participated in this study. The short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used. The prevalence of inactive adolescents was 48.6%, being higher among females (53.9%). For girls, physical inactivity was associated with the lack of appropriate and free places for physical activity (OR = 1.30 95% CI 1.05 to 1.82), with no influence of other variables. For boys who had no professional activity (OR = 1.54 95% CI 1.14 to 2.08), less educated mothers (OR = 0.41 95% CI 0.27 to 0.75), or graduate mothers (OR = 0.35 95% CI 0,17- 0,73), living in major cities (OR = 1.64 95% CI 1.17 to 2.31) and low socioeconomic classification when compared to the average (OR = 0.69 95% CI 0.49 to 0.97) were more prone to physical inactivity. It was observed that the socio-demographic variables were associated with the inactive behavior of boys and environmental variables were associated with the physical inactivity of girls. Among the academic factors, only having to repeat a year was associated with inactivity, and only for girls.

Perfil dos Idosos do Centro-dia para Idosos "A Mão Branca" / Profile of the Senior Citizens of the Center Day for the Elderly "The White Hand" / Perfil de los ancianos del centro-día para ancianos "La mano blanca"

Em junho de 2016, a Associação Beneficente "A Mão Branca" de Amparo aos Idosos inaugurou um Centro-dia com a finalidade de atender idosos parcialmente dependentes. Este artigo tem o objetivo de apresentar indicadores relativos aos idosos beneficiários desse serviço, de junho de 2016 a setembro de 2017. Passaram pelo Centro 25 idosos com idade média de 84,3 anos, dois quais 67% são do sexo feminino. A principal procura pelo serviço foi pelos familiares, sendo que os motivos que os levaram a buscar o Centro-dia foram a ociosidade e a redução do convívio social com 72% dos casos, seguidos de 65% dos que apresentaram queixas relacionadas à memória. Fazemse necessários novos estudos voltados a esta nova modalidade do cuidar.

In June 2016, the Associação Beneficente "A Mão Branca" de Amparo aos Idosos has inaugurated a Day Care aiming the partially dependent elderly. This article has the object goal to present the indicators related to the elderly beneficiaries of this servisse from June 2016 to September 2017. Twenty-four seniors 84 years old on average, were enrolled in the service, 67% of them were female. The main demand for the service comes from the elderly 's family, whose concerns about their senior relatives idleness and lack of social interaction, urge them to look for our support expertise. Complaints related to the elderly memory are also strong reasons for the increase of our service demand. Further studies are necessary on this new modality of caring.

En junio de 2016, la Asociación Beneficente "La Mano Blanca" de Amparo a los Ancianos inauguró un Centro-día con la finalidad de atender a ancianos parcialmente dependientes. Este artículo tiene el objetivo de presentar los indicadores relativos a los ancianos beneficiários de esse sevicio, de junho de 2016 a septiembre de 2017. Pasaron por el servicio a 25 ancianos con edad promedio de 84,3 años, dos que el 67% son del sexo femenino. La principal demanda por el servicio fue por los familiares, siendo que los motivos que los llevaron a buscar el Centro-día fueron la ociosidad y la reducción de la convivencia social con el 72% de los casos, seguidos del 65% de los que presentaron quejas relacionadas a la memoria. Se hacen necesarios nuevos estudios orientados a esta nueva modalidad del cuidar.

Effect of glutamine on liver injuries induced by intestinal ischemia-reperfusion in rats / Efecto de la glutamina en las lesiones hepáticas inducidas por isquemia-reperfusión intestinal en ratas

Introduction: Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury may cause cell and tissue damage, reaching also other organs such as the liver. Because of the involvement of free radicals in I/R injury, treatment options with antioxidants have been studied and tested. Objective: To evaluate the effect of glutamine (Gln) in the liver of animals with intestinal I/R injury. Methods: We used 20 male Wistar rats divided into four groups: sham-operated (SO); glutamine + sham-operated (G+SO); intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R); glutamine + intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (G+I/R). The superior mesenteric artery was clamped for 30 minutes and reperfused for 15 minutes. Gln (25 mg/kg/day) diluted in 1 ml of saline was administered intraperitoneally on the two days before I/R induction. Results: Levels of serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lipid peroxidation (LPO) and expressions of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) showed a significant reduction in the G+I/R group as compared with the I/R group. The activity of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and the levels of glutathione (GSH) showed an increase in the G+I/R group as compared with the I/R group. Conclusion: Pretreatment with Gln reduced oxidative, tissue damage and showed a decrease expression of inflammatory mediators (AU)

Introducción: las lesiones por isquemia-reperfusión (I/R) intestinales pueden causar daño celular y tisular, llegando incluso a otros órganos, como el hígado. Debido a la participación de radicales libres en la lesión I/R, se han estudiado y probado opciones de tratamiento con antioxidantes. Objetivo: evaluar el efecto de la glutamina (Gln) en el hígado de los animales con lesión intestinal I/R. Métodos: se utilizaron 20 ratas Wistar macho divididas en cuatro grupos: sham-operadas (SO); glutamina + sham-operadas (G+SO); isquemia-reperfusión intestinal (I/R); glutamina + isquemia-reperfusión intestinal (G+I/R). La arteria mesentérica superior se clampó durante 30 minutos y se llevó a cabo la reperfusión durante 15 minutos. Se adminsitró Gln (25 mg/kg/día) diluida en 1 ml de solución salina por vía intraperitoneal en los dos días previos a la inducción de la I/R. Resultados: los niveles de aspartato aminotransferasa (AST), alanina aminotransferasa (ALT) y fosfatasa alcalina (FA), la peroxidación lipídica (POL) y las expresiones de interleucina-6 (IL-6) y factor nuclear kappa B (NF-kB) mostraron una reducción significativa en el grupo G+I/R en comparación con el grupo I/R. La actividad de la catalasa (CAT), la superóxido dismutasa (SOD), glutatión peroxidasa (GPx), y los niveles de glutatión (GSH) mostraron un aumento en el grupo G+I/R en comparación con el grupo I/R. Conclusión: el tratamiento previo con Gln redujo el daño tisular oxidativo y mostró una disminución de los mediadores inflamatorios (AU)

A fome e o Direito Humano à Alimentação Adequada (DHAA) em filmes documentários brasileiros / Hunger and the Human Right to Adequate Nutrition (HRAN) in Brazilian documentary films

INTRODUÇÃO: A fome e a desnutrição deixaram de ser temas de destaque nos meios midiáticos contemporâneos. No entanto, muitas discussões ainda podem ser levantadas sobre estas questões que ainda persistem nos dias atuais de muitos brasileiros. OBJETIVO: Analisar como o Direito Humano a Alimentação Adequada a partir do conteúdo abordado em documentários e matérias jornalísticas nacionais sobre a fome. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: O estudo utilizou de métodos audiovisuais a fim de realizar um recorte analítico-interpretativo. É de natureza qualitativa numa perspectiva de análise documental, abordando com maior profundidade uma realidade social denunciada em documentários de televisão e matérias jornalísticas. RESULTADOS. Os materiais analisados possuem em comum é a abordagem de temáticas delicadas e que foram abordadas de modo a provocarem incômodo na audiência. “Garapa” é um filme em tom de denúncia social, retratado de forma incomum para produções contemporâneas, mostrando a desordem social instalada naquele cenário e sendo por fim uma tentativa de humanização da fome. “Peraí, é nosso direito” destaca para o fato de que o Governo Federal assinou tratados internacionais que garantem o DHAA CONCLUSÃO: Os direitos humanos são imperativos para assegurar a todos a existência de uma vida digna. Os filmes documentais constituem meios de divulgação e denúncia a uma realidade que está posta, muitas vezes ignorada. Ressalta-se que nos meios acadêmicos faz-se vital que a formação de profissionais tenha delineação comprometida no debate de temas de dimensão social que tratam de seres socialmente vítimas da invisibilidade.

INTRODUCTIOB: Hunger and malnutrition are no longer prominent themes in contemporary media means. However, many arguments can still be raised about these issues that still persist in the present day of many Brazilians. OBJECTIVE: To analyze how Human Right to Adequate Nutrition from the content addressed in documentaries and national journalistic about hunger. METHODS: The study used audiovisual methods in order to perform an analytic-interpretative cut. It is qualitative in a perspective of documentary analysis, approaching a social reality denounced in television documentaries and journalistic news. RESULTS: The materials analyzed have in common the approach of delicate subjects that have been approached in a way that causes annoyance in the audience. “Garapa” is a film in a tone of social denunciation, portrayed in an unusual way for contemporary productions, showing the social disorder installed in that scenario and being at last an attempt to humanize hunger. “Peraí, it’s our right” highlights the fact that the Federal Government has signed international treaties guaranteeing the HRAN. CONCLUSION: Human rights are imperative to ensure the existence of a dignified life for all. Documentary films are means of dissemination and denunciation to a reality that is often ignored. It is emphasized that in the academic field it is vital that the training of professionals should have a delineation committed in the debate of social issues that deal with beings socially victims of invisibility.

Manejo do cuidado de pessoas com úlcera varicosa: uma revisão integrativa / Gestión de cuidado de las personas con úlcera venosa: una revisión integrativa / User care management with venous ulcer: an integrative review

O cliente com úlcera venosa requer cuidados adequados, com vistas de restaurar a saúde e retornar às atividades diárias. Os objetivos deste estudo são: identificar os hábitos de vida da pessoa com úlcera varicosa e caracterizar as formas de cuidados realizadas pela pessoa com úlcera varicosa. Foi realizada uma pesquisa on-line de artigos publicados no período entre 2009 e 2014 que abordou o tema aos foram pesquisados utilizando palavras-chave cadastradas nos bancos de dados: periódico CAPES (SciELO, LILACS, BEDENF) e no site da Sociedade Brasileira de Estomaterapia (SOBEST). Da análise dos artigos, emergiram duas categorias: formas de cuidados realizadas pela pessoa com a úlcera varicosa e o estilo de vida da pessoa com úlcera varicosa. Durante a pesquisa verificou-se que a maioria dos estudos focava o processo de desenvolvimento e cicatrização das lesões. Além disso, foi possível observar a importância de conhecer o estilo de vida da pessoa com úlcera varicosa, já que este pode interferir ou não no processo de cuidados (AU)

El cliente con úlcera venosa requiere el cuidado apropiado, con miras la restauración de la salud y retomar las actividades cotidianas. El objetivo de este estudio consiste en identificar los hábitos de vida de la persona con úlcera varicosa y caracterizar las formas de atención realizada por la persona con úlcera varicosa. Una búsqueda en línea de artículos publicados en el período comprendido entre 2009 y 2014 que abordó el tema abordado por palabras clave indexadas en las bases de datos: periódico de CAPES (LILACS, SciELO, BEDENF) y de la Sociedad Brasileña de Estoma terapía (SOBEST). Del análisis de los artículos, emergieron dos categorías: formas de cuidado que realizan con la úlcera varicosa y el estilo de vida de la persona con úlcera varicosa. Durante la investigación se observó que la mayoría de los estudios se centra en el proceso de elaboración y curación de las lesiones. Además, fue posible observar la importancia de conocer el estilo de vida de la persona con úlcera varicosa, ya que esto puede interferir o no en el proceso de los cuidados (AU)

The client with Ulcus Cruris requires proper care, in order to restore health and return to daily activities. The objectives of this study are: to identify the habits of life of the person with varicose ulcer and characterize the forms of care carried out by the person with varicose ulcer. Was conducted an online survey of articles published in the period between 2009 and 2014 who addressed the theme to were searched using keywords indexed in databases: CAPES periodical (SciELO, LILACS, BEDENF) and on the website of the Brazilian Society of Stomatherapy (SOBEST). The analysis of the articles, emerged two categories: forms of care carried out by the person with the varicose ulcer and the lifestyle of the person with varicose ulcer. During the research it was found that most of the studies focused on the process of development and healing of the lesions. In addition, it was possible to observe the importance of knowing the style of life of the person with varicose ulcer, since this can interfere or not in the care process (AU)

Protective effects of acerola juice on genotoxicity induced by iron in vivo.

Metal ions such as iron can induce DNA damage by inducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress. Vitamin C is one of the most widely consumed antioxidants worldwide, present in many fruits and vegetables, especially inMalpighia glabra L., popularly known as acerola, native to Brazil. Acerola is considered a functional fruit due to its high antioxidant properties and phenolic contents, and therefore is consumed to prevent diseases or as adjuvant in treatment strategies. Here, the influence of ripe and unripe acerola juices on iron genotoxicity was analyzed in vivo using the comet assay and micronucleus test. The comet assay results showed that acerola juice exerted no genotoxic or antigenotoxic activity. Neither ripe nor unripe acerola juices were mutagenic to animals treated with juices, in micronucleus test. However, when compared to iron group, the pre-treatment with acerola juices exerted antimutagenic activity, decreasing significantly micronucleus mean values in bone marrow. Stage of ripeness did not influence the interaction of acerola compounds with DNA, and both ripe and unripe acerola juices exerted protective effect over DNA damage generated by iron.

Rice seed priming / Condicionamento fisiológico de sementes de arroz

The priming is a technique that involves the controlled hydration of seeds up to allows the start of germination preparatory processes without permit radicle protrusion. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different procedures of priming on physiological potential of rice seeds. Seeds of rice cultivars Puita Inta Inov CL and CL, each represented by a lot were used. The treatments consisted of: control, hydropriming, priming with Stimulate®, boric acid solution and zinc sulfate solution, with four replications. Prior to priming, the seeds hydration curves were determining. After priming, the seeds evaluated for germination, seedling growth, efficiency of use of the endosperm, germination at lowest temperatures and seedling emergence. Priming procedures used in this study does not improve rice seed physiological potential, of cultivars Puita Inta CL and Inov Cl. Seed priming with boric acid has a negative effect on seed performance.

o condicionamento fisiológico é uma técnica que envolve a hidratação controlada das sementes que permite o início de processos de preparação para a germinação sem permitir que ocorra a protrusão da raiz. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito de diferentes procedimentos de condicionamento fisiológico no potencial fisiológico de sementes de arroz. Foram utilizadas sementes de arroz das cultivares Puita Inta CL e Inov CL, representadas por um lote cada. Os tratamentos consistiram de: controle, hidrocondicionamento, condicionamento com Stimulate®, com solução de ácido bórico e solução de sulfato de zinco, com quatro repetições. Previamente ao condicionamento, foram realizadas as curvas de hidratação. Após o condicionamento, as sementes foram avaliadas quanto à germinação, crescimento de plântulas, eficiência do uso do endosperma, germinação a baixas temperaturas e emergência das plântulas. Os procedimentos de condicionamento utilizados neste estudo não melhoraram o potencial fisiológico das sementes de arroz das cultivares de Puita Inta CL e Inov Cl. O condicionamento fisiológico de sementes de arroz com ácido bórico tem efeito negativo sobre o desempenho das sementes.

Estilo de vida da pessoa com úlcera venosa: implicações no cuidado com a saúde / Lifestyle of the person with venous ulcer: implications for health care

Ainda nos dias atuais úlcera venosa é considerada como um problema de saúde pública causando prejuízos na vida do indivíduo que a possui e para a economia do país. Contudo, é notória a preocupação por parte da comunidade científica quanto ao estímulo às pesquisas com especialidades focadas para o desenvolvimento de produtos cada vez mais eficazes vislumbrando o processo de cicatrização e a cura. Independente da faixa etária acometida, a ferida pode gerar situações limitantes como odor, dor, a falta de mobilidade, interferindo assim no desenvolvimento de suas atividades diárias, podendo levar à exclusão social e a solidão. Assim, definimos como objeto de estudo: O estilo de vida de pessoas com úlcera venosa e suas implicações no cuidado em saúde. Como problema de pesquisa, apresentamos o seguinte questionamento: de que maneira o estilo de vida interfere no cuidado com a saúde da pessoa com úlcera venosa? Como questões de pesquisa: o estilo de vida adotado pelo indivíduo pode ser um fator que contribui para o desenvolvimento de úlcera venosa? Quais as formas do cuidado com saúde realizada pela pessoa com úlcera venosa? A pessoa com úlcera venosa necessita de cuidados apropriados e de forma resolutiva, com vista ao restabelecimento da saúde e o retorno as suas atividades cotidianas, pois o desenvolvimento da ferida pode trazer implicações aos usuários em relação ao tempo de cicatrização, refletindo em sua qualidade de vida além dos gastos aos cofres públicos. Como objetivos da pesquisa: Descrever as características socioculturais da pessoa com úlcera venosa e discutir a repercussão da úlcera venosa no do estilo de vida da pessoa com a ferida. Trata-se de uma pesquisa quantitativa, um estudo observacional do tipo transversal com análise descritiva. Trinta e cinco pessoas participaram da pesquisa respondendo um formulário com perguntas fechadas apresentando os seguintes: dados sócio demográficos, doenças pregressas, exame físico, crenças e religiosidade, residência (condições de moradia), integridade tissular/avaliação da ferida, palpação do pulso pedioso, como são realizados os curativos pelos sujeitos, aspectos relacionas, auto imagem corporal; todos com úlcera venosa, com idade entre 21 e 84 anos, moradores do município de Niterói- RJ, atendidos nas salas de curativos de duas Policlínicas de Saúde deste município. A escolha dos participantes ocorreu de forma probabilística casual, sem distinção de sexo. Os dados foram analisados através do programa estatístico R. Trata-se de um sistema o qual foi desenvolvido a partir da linguagem S (que também é usada numa versão comercial (o S-Plus). Com posse dos resultados obtidos, foi observado que 80% dos participantes apresentam úlcera venosa somente e 20% úlcera mista (arterial e venosa). Com relação às atividades laborais, 48,5% afirmam que estão aptos para realização do seu labor e 51,5% abandonaram seus empregos após o desenvolvimento da ferida. O estilo de vida adotado pode ser um fator colaborador para a manutenção de uma vida saudável, pois a maioria dos sujeitos compreende a sua importância. Todavia, a desgastante jornada de trabalho vivenciada pelos indivíduos, pouco favorece para a realização de atividade física e para adoção de uma dieta balanceada. O presente estudo buscou compreender o estilo de vida e suas implicações no cuidado em saúde da pessoa com úlcera venosa, com o intuito de contribuir para a ampliação de estudos focados nesta temática colaborando para formação e informação de enfermeiros, proporcionando o aprimoramento de seus conhecimentos, promovendo assim uma assistência holística e integral

Still nowadays Ulcus Cruris is considered as a public health problem causing damages in the life of the individual who has and for the country's economy. However, it is notorious the concern on the part of the scientific community regarding the stimulus to research with specialities focused to the development of increasingly effective products glimpsing the healing process and the cure. Regardless of the age group affected, the wound can generate limiting situations such as odor, pain, lack of mobility, thus interfering in the development of their daily activities, and can lead to social exclusion and loneliness. Thus, we define as object of study: the lifestyle of people with venous ulcer and its implications on health care. As a search problem, We present the following question: how lifestyle interferes with the person's health with Ulcus Cruris? As research issues: the lifestyle adopted by the individual may be a factor that contributes to the development of venous ulcer? What forms of health care held by the person with Ulcus Cruris? The person with Ulcus Cruris requires proper care and determined manner, with a view to the restoration of health and return their daily activities, because the development of the wound can bring users implications in relation to healing time, reflecting on their quality of life than spending to the public coffers. Research objectives: Describe the socio-cultural characteristics of the person with Ulcus Cruris and discuss the impact of the Ulcus Cruris in the lifestyle of the person with the wound. It is a quantitative research, an observational study of transverse type with descriptive analysis. Thirty-five people participated in the survey by answering a form with close-ended questions showing the following: socio demographic data, prior diseases, physical exam, beliefs and religiousness, residence (housing conditions), tissue integrity/evaluation of the wound, palpation of pulse pedioso, as are the bandages by subject, body image, auto-related aspects; all with Ulcus Cruris, aged 21 and 84 years, residents of the municipality of Niterói-RJ, served in the dressing rooms of two Polyclinics of Health of this municipality. The choice of participants of probabilistic form occurred irrespective of casual sex. Data were analyzed through the statistical program R. This system which was developed from the S language (which is also used in a commercial version (S-Plus). With the obtained results, it was observed that 80% of the participants present and only 20% venous ulcer Ulcer (arterial and venous) joint. With respect to industrial activities, 48.5% claim they are able to perform your labor and 51.5% abandoned their jobs after the development of the wound. The lifestyle adopted may be a contributor to the maintenance of a healthy life, because most guys understand its importance. However, the exhausting journey of work experienced by individuals, little favors for the realization of physical activity and a balanced diet. The present study sought to understand the lifestyle and its implications in the health care of the person with Ulcus Cruris, in order to contribute to the expansion of studies focused on this theme collaborating to training and information of nurses, providing improved their knowledge, thereby promoting a holistic and integral assistance

Autoeficácia e desempenho escolar de alunos do ensino fundamental / Self-efficacy and school performance of elementary school students / Autoeficacia y desempeño escolar de alumnos de la enseñanza fundamental

O estudo objetivou investigar a associação do senso de autoeficácia com o desempenho escolar, as dificuldades de aprendizagem, o sexo e a idade de crianças das séries iniciais do Ensino Fundamental. Participaram 406 escolares (56,9% meninas), com idades entre sete e dez anos, matriculados em uma escola da região metropolitana de Florianópolis/SC. Os instrumentos utilizados foram o Teste de Desempenho Escolar (TDE) e o Roteiro de Avaliação do Senso de Autoeficácia (RASAE). Foi identificada associação significativa entre autoeficácia e desempenho escolar para todos os níveis de habilidades escolares, e aqueles com melhor desempenho apresentavam maior autoeficácia (p<0,001). Quanto ao sexo, as meninas mostraram-se mais autoeficazes do que os meninos (p<0,05). Crianças de diferentes grupos etários (7 a 8 e 9 a 10 anos) tiveram níveis semelhantes de autoeficácia. Sugere-se que ações com vista ao aumento da autoeficácia sejam direcionadas especialmente aos meninos e grupos com baixo desempenho, de forma a repercutirem na motivação e aprendizagem escolar.(AU)

In this study we aim at investigating the association of the feeling of self-efficacy with academic performance, learning difficulties, gender and age of children in the early grades of elementary school. The sample was composed of 406 children (56% girls), aged 7 to 10 years, enrolled in a school in the metropolitan area of Florianópolis/SC. The instruments used were the Academic Performance Test (TDE) and Sense of self-efficacy Assessment Guide (RASAE). Statistically significant association was found between self-efficacy and academic performance for all levels of school skills and those with the best performance had higher self-efficacy (p <0.001). Regarding the results between gender, girls were more self-efficacy than boys (p <0,05). Children of different age groups (7-8 and 9-10 years) had similar levels of self-efficacy. The results suggest that actions which target the increase of self-efficacy are directed especially to boys and groups with low academic performance. This produces impacts on the motivation and school learning.(AU)

El estudio tuvo por objetivo investigar la asociación del censo de autoeficacia con el desempeño escolar, las dificultades de aprendizaje, el sexo y la edad de niños de las series iniciales de la Enseñanza Fundamental. Participaron 406 escolares (el 56,9% de muchachas), con edades entre siete y diez años, inscriptos en una escuela de la región metropolitana de Florianópolis/SC. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron el test de Desempeño Escolar (TDE) y el Rutero de Evaluación del Censo de Autoeficacia (RASAE). Se identificó asociación significativa entre autoeficacia y desempeño escolar para todos los niveles de habilidades escolares, y aquellos con mejor desempeño presentaban mayor autoeficacia (p<0,001). Respeto al sexo, las muchachas se mostraron más auto eficaces de que los muchachos (p<0,05). Niños de distintos grupos eterios (7 a 8 y 9 a 10 años) tuvieron niveles semejantes de autoeficacia. Se sugiere que acciones con vista al aumento de la autoeficacia sean direccionadas especialmente a los muchachos y grupos con bajo desempeño, de forma a repercutir en la motivación y aprendizaje escolar.(AU)

Autoeficácia e desempenho escolar de alunos do ensino fundamental / Self-efficacy and school performance of elementary school students / Autoeficacia y desempeño escolar de alumnos de la enseñanza fundamental

O estudo objetivou investigar a associação do senso de autoeficácia com o desempenho escolar, as dificuldades de aprendizagem, o sexo e a idade de crianças das séries iniciais do Ensino Fundamental. Participaram 406 escolares (56,9% meninas), com idades entre sete e dez anos, matriculados em uma escola da região metropolitana de Florianópolis/SC. Os instrumentos utilizados foram o Teste de Desempenho Escolar (TDE) e o Roteiro de Avaliação do Senso de Autoeficácia (RASAE). Foi identificada associação significativa entre autoeficácia e desempenho escolar para todos os níveis de habilidades escolares, e aqueles com melhor desempenho apresentavam maior autoeficácia (p<0,001). Quanto ao sexo, as meninas mostraram-se mais autoeficazes do que os meninos (p<0,05). Crianças de diferentes grupos etários (7 a 8 e 9 a 10 anos) tiveram níveis semelhantes de autoeficácia. Sugere-se que ações com vista ao aumento da autoeficácia sejam direcionadas especialmente aos meninos e grupos com baixo desempenho, de forma a repercutirem na motivação e aprendizagem escolar.

In this study we aim at investigating the association of the feeling of self-efficacy with academic performance, learning difficulties, gender and age of children in the early grades of elementary school. The sample was composed of 406 children (56% girls), aged 7 to 10 years, enrolled in a school in the metropolitan area of Florianópolis/SC. The instruments used were the Academic Performance Test (TDE) and Sense of self-efficacy Assessment Guide (RASAE). Statistically significant association was found between self-efficacy and academic performance for all levels of school skills and those with the best performance had higher self-efficacy (p <0.001). Regarding the results between gender, girls were more self-efficacy than boys (p <0,05). Children of different age groups (7-8 and 9-10 years) had similar levels of self-efficacy. The results suggest that actions which target the increase of self-efficacy are directed especially to boys and groups with low academic performance. This produces impacts on the motivation and school learning.

El estudio tuvo por objetivo investigar la asociación del censo de autoeficacia con el desempeño escolar, las dificultades de aprendizaje, el sexo y la edad de niños de las series iniciales de la Enseñanza Fundamental. Participaron 406 escolares (el 56,9% de muchachas), con edades entre siete y diez años, inscriptos en una escuela de la región metropolitana de Florianópolis/SC. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron el test de Desempeño Escolar (TDE) y el Rutero de Evaluación del Censo de Autoeficacia (RASAE). Se identificó asociación significativa entre autoeficacia y desempeño escolar para todos los niveles de habilidades escolares, y aquellos con mejor desempeño presentaban mayor autoeficacia (p<0,001). Respeto al sexo, las muchachas se mostraron más auto eficaces de que los muchachos (p<0,05). Niños de distintos grupos eterios (7 a 8 y 9 a 10 años) tuvieron niveles semejantes de autoeficacia. Se sugiere que acciones con vista al aumento de la autoeficacia sean direccionadas especialmente a los muchachos y grupos con bajo desempeño, de forma a repercutir en la motivación y aprendizaje escolar.