The proteomic and particle composition of human platelet lysate for cell therapy products.

Following health agencies warning, the use of animal origin supplements should be avoided in biological products proposed as therapy in humans. Platelet lysate and several other growth factors sources are alternatives to replace fetal calf serum, the current gold standard in clinical-grade cell culture. However, the platelet supplement's content lacks data due to different production methods. The principle behind these products relays on the lysis of platelets that release several proteins, some of which are contained in heterogeneous granules and coordinate biological functions. This study aims to analyze the composition and reproducibility of a platelet lysate produced with a standardized method, by describing several batches' protein and particle content using proteomics and dynamic light scattering. Proteomics data revealed a diversified protein content, with some related to essential cellular processes such as proliferation, morphogenesis, differentiation, biosynthesis, adhesion, and metabolism. It also detected proteins responsible for activation and binding of transforming growth factor beta, hepatocyte growth factor, and insulin-like growth factor. Total protein, biochemical, and growth factors quantitative data showed consistent and reproducible values across batches. Novel data on two major particle populations is presented, with high dispersion level at 231 ± 96 d.nm and at 30 ± 8 d.nm, possibly being an important way of protein trafficking through the cellular microenvironment. This experimental and descriptive analysis aims to support the content definition and quality criteria of a cell supplement for clinical applications.

Substantial Reduction in Adjuvant Chemotherapy With the Use of the 21-Gene Test to Manage Early Breast Cancer in a Public Hospital in Brazil.

PURPOSE: We evaluated the impact of 21-gene test results on treatment decisions for patients with early-stage breast cancer treated under the public health care system in Brazil, Sistema Único de Saúde. METHODS: Eligible patients treated at Hospital Pérola Byington and Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo in Brazil were required to have the following characteristics: postsurgery with hormone receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor 2-negative, node-negative and node-positive, and T1/T2 breast cancer and patients with these characteristics were candidates for adjuvant systemic therapy. Treatment recommendations, chemotherapy plus hormonal therapy (CT + HT) or HT alone, were captured before and after 21-gene test results. RESULTS: From August 2018 to April 2019, 179 women were enrolled. The mean age was 58 years (29-86 years), 135 (76%) were postmenopausal, and 58 (32%) had node-positive breast cancer. Most patients (61%) had a tumor > 2 cm, including 7% with tumors > 4 cm. Using Recurrence Score (RS) result cut points on the basis of the TAILORx trial, 40 (22%) had RS 0-10, 91 (51%) had RS 11-25, and 48 (27%) had RS 26-100. Before 21-gene testing, 162 of 179 (91%) patients were recommended for CT. After testing, 117 of 179 patients (65%) had changes in CT recommendation: 112 (63%) who were initially recommended CT received HT alone and five (3%) who were initially recommended HT alone received CT + HT. After 21-gene testing, 99% of physicians reported strong confidence in their treatment recommendations. CONCLUSION: The change in clinical practice at these public hospitals was greater than expected: 66% of initial treatment recommendations were changed to omit CT with 21-gene test results. Clinicopathologic features did not correlate well with 21-gene test results and did not adequately identify those most likely to benefit from CT.

Label-free nanostructured biosensor for Schistosoma mansoni detection in complex biological fluids.

Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease with a worldwide prevalence. Neuroschistosomiasis is the most severe presentation of the disease and affects the central nervous system. In this work, Schistosoma mansoni detection was based on self-assembled layers of 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane (MPTS) and electrosynthesized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). The DNA probe was chemisorbed onto AuNPs. The biosensor was characterized by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The impedimetric response of the MPTS-AuNPs-DNAprobe system indicates an effective modification of the electrode surface. Topographical atomic force microscopy images were used to characterize the self-assembled layers on the gold electrode surface. The proposed biosystem was able to recognize the S. mansoni genome sequence at different concentrations in samples of urine, cerebrospinal fluid, and serum. Several concentration ranges were evaluated: urine (27-50 pg µL-1), cerebrospinal fluid (25-60 pg µL-1), and serum (27-42 pg µL-1). The limit detection (LOD) of the biosensor was 0.6 pg µL-1. The developed label-free genosensor was able to detect small concentrations of S. mansoni DNA in complex biological fluids.

Lagochilascariasis leading to severe involvement of ocular globes, ears and meninges.

A case report of a 31 year-old woman from Paraíba State (North-Eastern Brazil) that presented severe involvement of ocular globes, ears and meninges. Diagnosis was established after enucleation of her left eye, when adult worms were seen in the midst of a granulomatous inflammatory process. Her response to the initial treatment with levamisole and cambendazole was good, but there was a relapse after the fifth month of treatment even with maintenance doses of both medications. She later received ivermectin and albendazol and responded well.

Lagochilascariasis leading to severe involvement of ocular globes, ears and meninges / Infecção humana por Lagochilascaris minor com envolvimento ocular, auditivo e das meninges

A case report of a 31 year-old woman from Paraíba State (North-Eastern Brazil) that presented severe involvement of ocular globes, ears and meninges. Diagnosis was established after enucleation of her left eye, when adult worms were seen in the midst of a granulomatous inflammatory process. Her response to the initial treatment with levamisole and cambendazole was good, but there was a relapse after the fifth month of treatment even with maintenance doses of both medications. She later received ivermectin and albendazol and responded well.

Paciente do sexo feminino, com 31 anos, procedente da Paraíba, apresentava envolvimento severo de ambos os globos oculares, com perda da visão à esquerda, comprometimento da audição e das meninges. Após enucleação do olho esquerdo fragmento de helminto identificado como Lagochilascaris minor foi observado em processo inflamatório granulomatoso. Inicialmente a paciente foi tratada com levamisol e cambendazol, com bom resultado. Verificou-se, todavia, piora do quadro após cinco meses, com eliminação de larvas do ascarídeo em lesão presente na órbita esquerda, embora a medicação fosse mantida com administração periódica. Houve boa resposta terapêutica, com regressão do quadro, após substituição dos anti-helmínticos anteriores pela associação ivermectina e albendazol.