RESUMO
A doença periodontal e o diabetes compartilham mecanismos imuno-inflamatórios crônicos semelhantes e possuem uma relação bidirecional bem estabelecida na literatura. A terapia probiótica, que por sua vez exerce efeitos sobre o microbioma e também sobre o sistema imune do hospedeiro, tem sido sugerida como uma alternativa ou complemento à terapia periodontal não cirúrgica. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os efeitos do Lactobacillus rhamnosus EM1107 sobre a inflamação e estresse oxidativo em modelo experimental de periodontite induzida por ligadura em ratos diabéticos. Foi realizado ensaio pré-clínico, in vivo, randomizado, cego e controlado, sendo composto por 45 ratos Wistar machos, os quais foram divididos aleatoriamente em cinco grupos com 9 animais cada: controle, ligadura, ligadura/DM, ligadura/EM1107, ligadura/DM/EM1107. Os animais foram pré-tratados com probiótico via gavagem oral durante os 30 dias de experimento. A indução do diabetes aconteceu através de injeção de STZ por veia peniana no 14º dia do experimento e a colocação da ligadura para indução da Doença Periodontal ocorreu no 19º dia. No 30º de experimento dos animais foram eutanasiados. As amostras de tecido gengival obtidas foram analisadas através do ensaio ELISA para dosagem das concentrações teciduais das citocinas IL-1ß e TNF-α e da espectroscopia UV-VIS para determinação dos níveis de malondialdeído (MDA) e glutationa (GSH). Foi realizado também análise bioquímica para dosagem de ALT, ureia e glicose. O tratamento com L. rhamnosus EM1107 reduziu significativamente as concentrações de citocinas inflamatórias IL-1ß e TNF-α nos grupos tratados com L. rhamnosus EM1107 (p < 0,05). Não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os grupos em relação a modulação do estresse oxidativo (p>0,05). A análise dos parâmetros bioquímicos revelou diferença estatisticamente significativa apenas para a dosagem de glicose entre os grupos diabéticos e não diabéticos (p<0,001). Esse estudo sugere efeito anti-inflamatório do Lactobacillus rhamnosus EM1107 na periodontite induzida por ligadura em ratos diabéticos (AU).
Periodontal disease and diabetes share similar chronic immune-inflammatory mechanisms and have a well-established bidirectional relationship in the literature. Probiotic therapy, which in turn has effects on the microbiome and also on the host's immune system, has been suggested as an alternative or complement to non-surgical periodontal therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus EM1107 on inflammation and oxidative stress in an experimental model of ligature-induced periodontitis in diabetic rats. A preclinical, in vivo, randomized, blinded and controlled trial was carried out, consisting of 45 male Wistar rats, which were randomly divided into five groups with 9 animals each: control, ligation, ligature / DM, ligation / EM1107, ligature / DM / EM1107. The animals were pre-treated with probiotic via oral gavage during the 30 days of the experiment. The induction of diabetes occurred through injection of STZ through a penile vein on the 14th day of the experiment and the placement of the bandage to induce Periodontal Disease occurred on the 19th day. In the 30th experiment the animals were euthanized. The gingival tissue samples obtained were analyzed using the ELISA assay to measure tissue concentrations of cytokines IL-1ß and TNF-α and UV-VIS spectroscopy to determine levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH). Biochemical analysis was also performed to measure ALT, urea and glucose. Treatment with L. rhamnosus EM1107 significantly reduced the concentrations of inflammatory cytokines IL-1ß and TNF-α in the groups treated with L. rhamnosus EM1107 (p <0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the groups regarding the modulation of oxidative stress (p> 0.05). The analysis of the biochemical parameters revealed a statistically significant difference only for the glucose measurement between the diabetic and non-diabetic groups (p <0.001). This study suggests an anti-inflammatory effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus EM1107 on ligatureinduced periodontitis in diabetic rats (AU).
Assuntos
Animais , Ratos , Doenças Periodontais/patologia , Periodontite/patologia , Diabetes Mellitus/patologia , Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus , Anti-Inflamatórios , Análise de VariânciaRESUMO
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) with chloro-aluminum phthalocyanine (AlClPc) on several periodontal parameters includingsalivary glutathione (GSH) and MDA (malondialdehyde) levels in periodontal sites presenting with periodontitis. Randomized clinical trial, comprising 40 test group (TG) sites and 23 control group (CG) sites. The TG was treated with scaling and root planning (SRP) and aPDT, and CG, only with SRP. Visible plaque index [VPI], gingival bleeding index [GBI], bleeding on probing [BOP], probing depth [PD] and clinical attachment level [CAL] were calculated and saliva samples were taken at baseline (T0), three (T3) and six months (T6). Data was analyzed by the Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests. An intragroup analysis indicated significant differences at T3 and T6 for GBI, CAL and GSH only in the CG (p < 0.05). For BOP, a significant decrease was observed only in the TG between T0 and T6 (p = 0.008). No significant differences were observed for VPI, BOP and MDA. In the intergroup analysis, significant differences were observed for GBI at T6 (p = 0.041), and for GSH at T3 (p = 0.031), being higher in the TG. Although aPDT with AlClPc did not present statistically proven benefits, but the employed periodontal treatment resulted in decreased BOP, PD, CAL and MDA after 3 and 6 months of treatment. In addition, the lower need for glutathione production may initially suggest an additional benefit of AlClPc aPDT in the early reestablishment of the balance between oxidative and non-oxidative agents related to oxidative stress.
