Comparison of the RNA content of extracellular vesicles derived from Paracoccidioides brasiliensis and Paracoccidioides lutzii

Paracoccidioides brasiliensis and P. lutzii cause human paracoccidioidomycosis. We have previously characterized the <200-nt RNA sub-populations contained in fungal extracellular vesicles (EVs) from P. brasiliensis Pb18 and other pathogenic fungi. We have presently used the RNA-seq strategy to compare the <200- and >200-nt RNA fractions contained in EVs isolated from culture supernatants of P. brasiliensis Pb18, Pb3, and P. lutzii Pb01. Shared mRNA sequences were related toprotein modification, translation, and DNA metabolism/biogenesis, while those related to transport and oxidation-reduction were exclusive to Pb01. The presence of functional full-length mRNAs was validated by in vitro translation. Among small non-coding (nc)RNA, 15 were common to all samples; small nucleolar (sno)RNAs were enriched in P. brasiliensis EVs, whereas for P. lutzii there were similar proportions of snoRNA, rRNA, and tRNA. Putative exonic sRNAs were highly abundant in Pb18 EVs. We also found sRNA sequences bearing incomplete microRNA structures mapping to exons. RNA-seq data suggest that extracellular fractions containing Pb18 EVs can modulate the transcriptome of murine monocyte-derived dendritic cells in a transwell system. Considering that sRNA classes are involved in transcription/translation modulation, our general results may indicate that differences in virulence among fungal isolates can be related to their distinct EV-RNA content

Descrição da prática do uso da vasopressina em recém-nascidos internados em uti neonatal / Description of the use of vasopressin in newborns admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit

A hipotensão arterial sistêmica é uma complicação comum na UTI neonatal e quando é refratária ao tratamento inicial com volume (nos casos de hipovolemia), catecolaminas ou corticosteróides tem taxa de mortalidade alta. A vasopressina se apresenta como tratamento a essa situação de hipotensão refratária. Este trabalho objetivou descrever a prática de utilização da vasopressina no tratamento de hipotensão refratária ao uso de aminas vasoativas em recém-nascidos internados em uma UTI neonatal.Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo, com a coleta de dados dos prontuários dos recém-nascidos que fizeram uso dessa medicação dejaneiro de 2012 até janeiro 2018. Como resultado, foram analisados 80 prontuários, 64 de pacientes prematuros, 14 pacientes a termo e 2 pós-termo, com peso médio geral de 1375g. Foi encontrada uma associação estatística significativa entre sobrevida e o tempo de uso da vasopressina por menos do que 1 semana, aumento de no mínimo 30% da pressão arterial média nas primeiras 6 horas após o início da vasopressina e ausência de anúria ao se iniciar a vasopressina.

Systemic arterial hypotension is a common complication in the neonatal ICU and when it is refractory to initial treatment with volume (in cases of hypovolemia), catecholamines or corticosteroids have a high mortality rate. Vasopressin presents as a treatment for this situation of refractory hypotension. This study aimed to describe the use of vasopressin in the treatment of refractory hypotension to the vasoactive amines in neonates admitted in a neonatal intensive care unit. We retrospectivelyanalysed data from newborns that used this medication from January 2012 until January 2018. 80 charts were analyzed, (64 of preterm, 14 full-term and 2 post-term patients) with mean weight of 1375g. A statistically significant association was found between survival and duration of use of vasopressin for less than 1 week, increase of at least 30% of mean arterial pressure within the first 6 hours after vasopressin onset and absence of anuria upon initiation of vasopressin.

Comparison of the RNA Content of Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Paracoccidioides brasiliensis and Paracoccidioides lutzii

Paracoccidioides brasiliensis and P. lutzii cause human paracoccidioidomycosis. We have previously characterized the <200-nt RNA sub-populations contained in fungal extracellular vesicles (EVs) from P. brasiliensis Pb18 and other pathogenic fungi. We have presently used the RNA-seq strategy to compare the <200- and >200-nt RNA fractions contained in EVs isolated from culture supernatants of P. brasiliensis Pb18, Pb3, and P. lutzii Pb01. Shared mRNA sequences were related toprotein modification, translation, and DNA metabolism/biogenesis, while those related to transport and oxidation-reduction were exclusive to Pb01. The presence of functional full-length mRNAs was validated by in vitro translation. Among small non-coding (nc)RNA, 15 were common to all samples; small nucleolar (sno)RNAs were enriched in P. brasiliensis EVs, whereas for P. lutzii there were similar proportions of snoRNA, rRNA, and tRNA. Putative exonic sRNAs were highly abundant in Pb18 EVs. We also found sRNA sequences bearing incomplete microRNA structures mapping to exons. RNA-seq data suggest that extracellular fractions containing Pb18 EVs can modulate the transcriptome of murine monocyte-derived dendritic cells in a transwell system. Considering that sRNA classes are involved in transcription/translation modulation, our general results may indicate that differences in virulence among fungal isolates can be related to their distinct EV-RNA content