Indicadores sociodemográficos e de saneamento e moradia na qualidade de vida de pessoas com estomia / Sociodemographic and sanitation and housing indicators on the quality of life of people with stoma / Indicadores sociodemográficos y sanitarios y habitacionales sobre la calidad de vida de las personas ostomizadas

Objetivo:Analisar as relações entre a qualidade de vida (QV) de pessoas com estomia com indicadores sociodemográficos, clínicos, de estilo de vida, de saneamento e moradia. Métodos: Estudo transversal com amostra de 106 indivíduos com estomia entrevistados de maio a dezembro de 2019. Utilizou-se um questionário sociodemográfico e clínico e o City of Hope - Quality of Life - Ostomy Questionnary. Resultados: O bem-estar espiritual (7,71±1,09) foi o domínio com melhor performance. A QV não diferiu entre homens e mulheres (p = 0,372), porém esteve associada à escolaridade (< 0,001) e renda familiar (p = 0,025), ao diabetes (p = 0,008) e etilismo (p = 0,044), às condições da água para consumo (p < 0,001), ao destino do lixo (p = 0,021), em ter energia elétrica (p = 0,034), ao tipo de moradia (p = 0,026) e ao número de cômodos (p = 0,023) e tipo de cobertura da habitação (p = 0,021). Conclusão: Piores indicadores socioeconômicos, de saneamento básico e moradia, parecem impactar negativamente a QV de pessoas com estomias.

Objectives:To analyze the relationships between the quality of life (QOL) of people with stoma with sociodemographic, clinical, lifestyle, sanitation, and housing indicators. Method: Cross-sectional study with a sample of 106 individuals with stoma interviewed from May to December 2019. A sociodemographic and clinical questionnaire and the City of Hope Quality of Life Ostomy Questionnaire were used. Results: Spiritual well-being (7.71 ± 1.09) was the best performing domain. Quality of life did not differ between men and women (p = 0.372), but was associated with education (< 0.001) and family income (p = 0.025), diabetes (p = 0.008) and alcoholism (p = 0.044), drinking water conditions (p < 0.001), garbage disposal (p = 0.021), having electricity (p = 0.034), housing type (p = 0.026), number of rooms (p = 0.023), and housing coverage (p = 0.021). Conclusion: worse socioeconomic, sanitation, and housing indicators appear to negatively impact the QOL of people with stomata

Objetivo:Analizar las relaciones entre la calidad de vida (CV) de las personas con estoma con indicadores sociodemográficos, clínicos, de estilo de vida, saneamiento y vivienda. Métodos: Estudio transversal con una muestra de 106 ostomizados, entrevistados de mayo a noviembre de 2019. Se utilizó un cuestionario sociodemográfico y clínico y el Cuestionario City of Hope - Quality of Life - Ostomy. Resultados: El bienestar espiritual (7,71 ± 1,09) fue el dominio con mejor desempeño. La CV no difirió entre hombres y mujeres (p = 0,372), pero se asoció con la educación (< 0,001) y los ingresos familiares(p = 0,025), la diabetes (p = 0,008) y el alcoholismo (p = 0,044), con las condiciones de agua potable (p <0,001), el destino de la basura (p = 0,021), la disponibilidad de electricidad (p = 0,034), el tipo de vivienda (p = 0,026) y el número de habitaciones (p = 0,023) y tipo de cobertura de vivienda (p = 0,021). Conclusión: Peores indicadores socioeconómicos, saneamiento básico, vivienda, parecen impactar negativamente la calidad de vida de las personas con ostomía.

Influence of excessive daily sleeping and sleep quality on BDNF and NGF serum levels in adolescents.

INTRODUCTION: The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neural growth factor (NGF) are widely expressed in the brain and play an important role in neuroplasticity, neurogenesis, and increased neuronal connections. Previous studies have shown that reduced serum levels of these proteins are associated with disorders in human sleep. OBJECTIVE: Current study evaluates the prevalence in adolescents of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) and sleep quality, and analyzes the influence of these factors on BDNF and NGF serum levels. METHODS: A cross-section population-based study was conducted with data from a Brazilian birth cohort, with a sample of five hundred and thirteen 18-19-year-old adolescents. Sleep quality was assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and EDS by Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Neurotrophins serum levels were measured by Luminex™ technology kits. Analysis consisted of marginal structural models which compared people who were exposed and not exposed to sleep quality and EDS. RESULTS: Poor sleep quality and EDS were detected in 62.57% and 36.35% of the sample. Adolescents with poor sleep quality and EDS had -0.39 (p-value = 0.049) and -0.51 pg/ml in NGF (p-value = 0.009). Individuals with self-reported sleep disorder had lower serum levels of NGF (Coef. -0.41, p-value = 0.045). CONCLUSION: High prevalence of EDS and low sleep quality in a population of adolescents were evidenced. Poor sleep quality and EDS were associated with lower NGF levels, whilst adolescents with self-reported sleep disorder had lower serum levels of NGF.

Papel causal do sexo nas artroplastias de quadril: quadril acometido, diagnóstico prévio e tempo de internação / Causal role of gender in hip arthroplasty: affected hip, previous diagnosis and hospitalization duration

O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar uma relação causal entre o sexo dos pacientes que realizaram artroplastia de quadril quanto ao quadril acometido, diagnóstico prévio, tipo de artroplastia e tempo de internação. Trata-se de estudo retrospectivo e transversal com 100 pacientes de um serviço de ortopedia que realizaram artroplastia total (ATQ) e parcial (APQ) de quadril. A amostra foi coletada entre março de 2018 a janeiro de 2019. A análise consistiu de um modelo causal comparativo entre homens e mulheres através de escore de propensão. As covariáveis foram ilustradas pelo Gráfico Acíclico Direcionado (DAG). O sexo do paciente associou-se causalmente com o quadril acometido (p = 0.038), diagnóstico prévio - osteoartrose ou fratura do colo do fêmur (p = 0.004) e tempo de internação (p < 0.001) mas não explicou a escolha do tipo de artroplastia (p = 0.385). O quadril esquerdo foi mais acometido nos homens (71%). As mulheres tiveram diagnóstico prevalente de fratura de fêmur (69,3%) e os homens por osteoartrose (65,7%). 71% dos homens realizaram ATQ e as mulheres não diferiram. Os homens ficaram internados -2.12 dias que as mulheres. O sexo apresentou uma relação causal com o quadril acometido, o diagnóstico prévio e o tempo de internação nas ATQ, mas não se associou ao tipo de artroplastia.

Causal relationship between the gender of patients who underwent hip arthroplasty with regard to affected hip, previous diagnosis, type of arthroplasty and hospitalization duration is analyzed by a retrospective and cross-sectional study with 100 patients from an orthopedic clinic, who underwent total (THA) and partial (PHA) hip arthroplasty. The sample was collected between March 2018 and January 2019. The analysis consisted of a comparative causal model between males and females through propensity score. The covariates were illustrated by the Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG). The patient's gender was causally associated with the affected hip (p = 0.038), previous diagnosis - osteoarthritis or femoral neck fracture (p = 0.004) and duration of hospitalization (p < 0.001), but failed to explain the hip arthroplasty type (p = 0.385). The left hip was more affected in males (71%), whilst females had a prevalent diagnosis of femur fracture (69.3%) and osteoarthritis in males (65.7%). Further, 71% of males underwent THA, similar to females. Males were hospitalized for -2.12 days less than females. Gender had a causal relationship with affected hip, previous diagnosis, and length of stay in THA, but it was not associated with type of arthroplasty.

Terapia musical em pacientes com distúrbios da consciência: uma revisão integrativa / Music therapy in patients with disorders of consciousness: an integrative review

Resumo Introdução A terapia com música é amplamente utilizada para tratamento e assistência em várias doenças, incluindo distúrbios da consciência, demência, acidente vascular cerebral, distúrbios psiquiátricos, Parkinson, dor de origens diversas, entre outros. Sabe-se que ouvir música influencia o humor e a excitação, o que pode melhorar o desempenho em uma variedade de tarefas cognitivas. Objetivo Analisar as informações disponíveis na literatura sobre as evidências científicas do uso da música como recurso terapêutico. Método Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa com buscas de artigos publicados em periódicos nacionais e internacionais indexados nas bases de dados e banco de revistas: Pubmed, Cinahl, Web of Science e SciELO, entre dezembro/2017 e janeiro/2018. Utilizou-se os descritores "música" e "distúrbios da consciência" de forma associada em português, inglês e espanhol. Resultados Foram selecionados 14 estudos heterogêneos, porém com boa qualidade metodológica, dentre os quais se destacam estudos intervencionais e observacionais com grau de recomendação A. Conclusão O estudo concluiu haver na literatura científica algumas evidências da efetividade e da eficácia da terapia musical no tratamento e avaliação de pessoas em coma, estados minimamente conscientes e estado vegetativo persistente.

Abstract Introduction Music therapy is widely used for treatment and care in various diseases including disorders of consciousness, dementia, stroke, psychiatric disorders, Parkinson's disease, pain of several origins among others. It is known that listening to music influences mood and arousal, which can improve performance on a variety of cognitive tasks. Objective To analyze the information available in the literature about scientific evidences of the use of music as a therapeutic resource. Method This is an integrative review with search of articles published in national and international journals indexed in databases and journal banks: Pubmed, Cinahl, Web of Science and SciELO, between December/2017 and January/2018. We used the descriptors "music" and "disorders of consciousness" in Portuguese, English and Spanish. Results We selected 14 heterogeneous studies with good methodological quality, among which we highlight interventional and observational studies with a degree of recommendation A. Conclusion The study concludes to exist some evidence in the scientific literature about the effectiveness and efficacy of music therapy in the treatment and evaluation of people in coma, minimally conscious states and persistent vegetative state.

Qualidade de vida no contexto de pacientes com HIV/AIDS: um estudo comparativo / Life quality within the context of patients with HIV/AIDS: a comparative study

Comparar a percepção da qualidade de vida de pessoas HIV+ com pessoas sem o diagnóstico para o HIV/AIDS. Pesquisa quantitativa, analítica, com comparação entre duas amostras de 240 indivíduos, sendo 120 HIV positivo e 120 HIV negativo. Utilizou-se como instrumento o questionário WHOQoL-HIV-bref e um segundo desenvolvido pelos pesquisadores. Realizou-se análise descritiva dos dados por meio do software Stata, versão 14.0 e a análise estatística pelo teste qui-quadrado e t de student (p<0,05). Houve predomínio do sexo feminino, idade de 18 a 37 anos, solteiros e satisfeitos com sua saúde. Observou-se diferença significativa na percepção da qualidade de vida entre os grupos, com exceção do domínio meio ambiente (p=0,101). O domínio melhor avaliado foi o de espiritualidade e o nível de independência o pior. Os resultados sugerem que o diagnóstico positivo de HIV/AIDS é condição suficiente para diferenciar a qualidade de vida da população geral.

To compare life quality perception of people with HIV+ with people without HIV/AID diagnosis. Quantitative and analytic research comparing two samples of 240 persons, of whom 120 were HIV positive and 120 HIV were negative. Questionnaire WHOQoL-HIV-bref was employed, coupled with another one developed by the researchers. Descriptive analysis of data was performed with Stata 14.0 and statistical analysis was undertaken by the χ2 and Student´s t tests (p<0.05). Females between 18 and 37 years old, single and satisfied with their health, were predominant. There was a significant difference in the perception of life quality between the groups, excepting the environment domain (p=0.101). The best domain under evaluation was spirituality; the worst was independence level. Results suggest that positive HIV/AIDS diagnosis was a sufficient condition to differentiate life quality of the general population.