Does the Elapsed Time from Bleaching and the Use of Sodium Ascorbate Influence the Bond Strength of Resin Cement to Bleached Enamel?

The objective of this study was to evaluate different delaying times after bleaching and the use of different sodium ascorbate (SA) concentrations (10% and 35%) in the bond strength of adhesive cementation to enamel. This study used 54 sound bovine incisors, which were randomly assigned to the following groups: G1 (unbleached/control+ adhesive cementation (AC)); G2 (bleached + AC after 7 days); G3 (bleached + 10% SA + AC after 24 h); G4 (bleached + 10% SA + AC after 7 days); G5 (bleached + 35% SA + AC after 24 h); and G6 (bleached + 35% SA + AC after 7 days). After bleaching, G3, G4, G5, and G6 received an application of SA before the cylinders build up with RelyX Veneer cement. The samples were subjected to microshear test, and the results were analyzed by two-way ANOVA with Tukey's post hoc test. Group one presented the highest mean bond strength (19.1 MPa) and G3 the lowest (16.96 MPa). There was no statistical difference between the groups tested (p ˃ 0.05). The fracture pattern observed was predominantly mixed. The adhesive cementation may be performed 24 h after bleaching when SA (10% or 35%) is used or after 7 days, without compromising bond strength.

COMPLIANCE OF RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIALS ON DENTAL CARIES PREVENTION METHODS WITH THE CONSORT STATEMENT: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW.

OBJECTIVE: Reporting of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in dentistry remains suboptimal. Considering the positive impact of the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) guidelines on the quality of evidence in RCTs, the main objective of this systematic review was to determine whether RCTs on dental caries prevention conform to these guidelines. The secondary objective was to assess the association between CONSORT adherence and the year and impact factor of the journal in which the study was published. METHODS: A systematic search was conducted in different databases using appropriate terms to retrieve RCTs that assessed the caries-preventive effect of at least 2 of the following materials-fluoride varnish, resin-based fissure sealants, and ionomer-based fissure sealants-on the occlusal surfaces of permanent molars. Since the first CONSORT statement was published in 1996, a time frame from 1997 to 2020 was established for the identification of studies. Selected articles were assessed according to their adherence to the CONSORT statement, risk of bias (Cochrane risk of bias tool, RoB 2.0), and journal impact factor based on the InCites Journal Citation Reports. The year of publication and other relevant data were also recorded. SPSS (SPSS Statistics 25.0, IBM©) was used to perform the linear correlation analyses to determine the relationship between the article CONSORT score (previously determined) and the year of publication and journal impact factor. A significance level of 5% was established for all analyses. RESULTS: Of 3196 references retrieved, 30 articles were selected and evaluated. Using RoB 2.0, 8 studies were classified as having a high risk of bias, 16 as having some concerns about the risk of bias assessment, and 6 as having a low risk of bias. Concerning CONSORT adherence, 77% of the studies adequately reported the intervention domain, since the methodology for the application of fluoride varnish or sealant materials was thoroughly described. However, the participants' setting and location, random sequence generation, randomization, and the flowchart description of the losses/exclusions domains were poorly reported. Meanwhile, the allocation concealment process was not reported in 83% of the articles. Correlation analyses indicated a positive relationship between CONSORT adherence and the year of publication, as well as the journal impact factor. CONCLUSION: When assessing clinical trials on the prevention of occlusal caries, most RCTs examined followed the CONSORT statement. However, some methodological domains remain poorly reported, demonstrating the need to improve CONSORT compliance in these RCTs.

Is buffalo enamel a suitable substrate for bond strength tests?

AIM: The aim of this study was to compare the bonding strength of dental materials in buffalo (Bubalus bubalis var. kerebau), bovine, and human enamel and the susceptibility of these substrates in acid etching. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 20 human third molars, 20 bovine incisors, and 20 buffalo incisors were used in a mechanical assay of microshear. The substrates were demineralized via conditioning with 37% phosphoric acid, and the ultra-morphological pattern of each substrate was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. RESULTS: The results showed that there was no significant difference in adhesive bonding strength values between buffalo and human enamel (P≥0.05), with a fracture pattern of mixed type for all experimental groups. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that buffalo enamel is similar to human dental substrate in tests of adhesive bonding strength and also show a similar behavior in the acid conditioning of the enamel.

Etidronate from medicine to endodontics: effects of different irrigation regimes on root dentin roughness.

UNLABELLED: An increase in dentin roughness, associated with surface composition, contributes to bacterial adherence in recontaminations. Surface roughness is also important for micromechanical interlocking of dental materials to dentin, and understanding the characteristics of the surface is essential to obtain the adhesion of root canal sealers that have different physico-chemical characteristics. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effects of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), ethylenediaminetetraacetic (EDTA), etidronic (HEBP), and citric acid (CA) associated with different irrigation regimens on root dentin roughness. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Forty-five root halves of anterior teeth were used. The root parts were sectioned in thirds, embedded in acrylic resin and polished to a standard surface roughness. Initially, the samples of each third were randomly assigned into 3 groups and treated as follows: G1 - saline solution (control); G2 - 5% NaOCl+18% HEBP mixed in equal parts; and G3 - 2.5% NaOCl. After initial measuments, the G3 samples were distributed into subgroups G4, G5 and G6, which were subjected to 17% EDTA, 10% CA and 9% HEBP, respectively. Following the new measuments, these groups received a final flush with 2.5% NaOCl, producing G7, G8 and G9. The dentin surface roughness (Ra) was determined before and after treatments using a profilometer. The Wilcoxon test (α<0.05) was used to compare the values before and after treatments, and the Friedman test (α<0.05) to detect any differences among root thirds. RESULTS: (i) NaOCl did not affect the surface roughness; (ii) there was a significant increase in roughness after the use of chelating agents (P<0.01); and (iii) only the G3 group showed a difference in surface roughness between apical third and other thirds of the teeth (P<0.0043). CONCLUSION: Only the irrigation regimens that used chelating agents altered the roughness of root dentin.

A new weak chelator in endodontics: effects of different irrigation regimens with etidronate on root dentin microhardness.

This study investigated the effect of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), ethylenediaminetetraacetic (EDTA), etidronic (HEBP), and citric acid (CA) associated in different irrigation regimens on root dentin microhardness. Forty-five root halves of single-rooted teeth were sectioned into thirds that were embedded in acrylic resin, polished, randomly assigned into 3 groups, and treated as follows: G1: saline solution; G2: 5% NaOCl + 18% HEBP, mixed in equal parts; and G3: 2.5% NaOCl. After measurements, the G3 samples were distributed into subgroups G4, G5, and G6, which were submitted to 17% EDTA, 10% CA and 9% HEBP, respectively. Following the new measurements, these groups received a final flush with 2.5% NaOCl, producing G7, G8, and G9. Microhardness was measured with Knoop indenter under a 25 g load for 15 seconds, before and after treatments. The data were statistically analyzed using paired Student's t-test (α<0.05) to compare values before and after treatments and analysis of variance (ANOVA) (α<0.05) to detect any differences among thirds. Except G1, all tested irrigation regimens significantly decreased the microhardness. There were no differences between root thirds before treatments, and all root thirds exhibited equal responses to same treatment. Except saline, all tested irrigation regimens reduced the root dentin microhardness.

Avaliação clínica e microbiológica de prótese total deidosos em instituições assistenciais / Assessment clinical and microbiological of complete dentures in aged from health care institution

Introdução: O Brasil possui mais de sete milhões de idosos desdentados e a prótese totaldentária ainda é a principal forma de reabilitar esses indivíduos. O objetivo deste trabalhofoi avaliar clínica e microbiologicamente próteses totais usadas por idosos de instituiçõesassistenciais. Métodos - Foram avaliados 55 idosos, acima de 60 anos de idade, portadoresde prótese total superior. Foi utilizado um questionário para coleta de informações. Exameclínico do palato foi realizado para detecção de lesões inflamatórias, seguido de quantificaçãoda placa bacteriana visível e colheita de biofilme microbiano da região de palato da prótesetotal superior. As amostras de biofilme foram processadas para cultivo de leveduras do gêneroCandida. Resultados - O tempo de uso da prótese foi superior a 10 anos, com conservaçãoinsatisfatória. A higienização prevalente foi o uso de escova dental com dentifrício, comfrequência de três vezes ao dia, mas 56,4% das próteses apresentaram higienização precária.Lesões inflamatórias estavam presentes em 72,7% dos idosos e a colonização por Candidafoi detectada em 60% das próteses. O estudo das correlações revelou significância estatísticado padrão de higienização com a colonização de levedura e também com a presença de lesãono palato, enquanto o aumento no número de colônias de espécies de Candida correlacionou--se com lesões inflamatórias no palato. Conclusão - Os idosos são portadores de prótesesantigas e deterioradas, com higienização inadequada. As lesões inflamatórias fúngicas sãoprevalentes no palato. Faltam informações adequadas e programas de atendimento ao idosopara garantir melhores condições de saúde bucal.

Introduction: There are more than seven millions of completely edentulous aged in Braziland complete dentures are still the main way of rehabilitating these individuals. The purposeof this study was to appraise clinically and microbiologically complete dentures in aged fromhealth care institutions. Methods - 55 aged have been evaluated, over 60 years old, usingupper complete dentures. Questionnaire is used for take information about patients. Palateclinical examinations were made in order to detect de inflammatory lesions, in accordancewith the quantification of the visible bacterial plaque and collection of microbial biofilmof the palate region from upper complete denture. The biofilm samples were processed forcultivation of yeasts of Candida. Results - Used time of the prosthesis was above 10 years,which presented an unpleasant state of conservation. The common form of hygienization wasthe toothbrush with dentifrice, with frequency of three times a day, but 56,4% of the prosthesispresented precarious hygienization. The inflammatory lesions were present in 72,7% ofthe aged and the colonization by Candida was detected in 60% of the prosthesis. The studyof the correlations revealed statistical significance of the hygienization pattern along withthe colonization of yeasts and also with the presence of inflammatory lesions in the palate.Conclusion - The aged are users of old and damaged prosthesis, with inadequate hygienization.The colonization of Candida is prevalent, as well as the inflammatory lesions. Thereis a lack of appropriate information and assisting programs to aged in order to guaranteebetter mouth health conditions.

Sensibilidade pós-operatória em restaurações diretas extensas utilizando sistemas adesivos convencionais atuais / Postoperative sensitivity in large direct restorations using new total etch adhesive systems

O objetivo deste trabalho clínico foi avaliar a sensibilidade pós-operatória após 2, 7, 180 e 365 dias em restaurações de resina composta realizadas em cavidades amplas e profundas em dentes posteriores empregando-se três sistemas adesivos convencionais atuais (condicionamento ácido total+adesivo). Foram realizados 60 procedimentos restauradores pelo mesmo operador, divididos em três grupos com 20 amostras em cada: SB - ADPER SingleBond 2 (3M ESPE®); AB - All Bond 3 (Bisco®); e XP - XP Bond (Dentsply®). Todas as restaurações foram preenchidas com a resina Z350 (3M ESPE®) e os resultados foram submetidos aos testes de Kruskall Wallis e Friedman. Todos os resultados para sensibilidade pós-operatória foram semelhantes ao longo dos tempos testados.

Clinical evaluation of postoperative sensitivity using self-etching adhesives containing glutaraldehyde.

The present clinical study aimed to assess the postoperative sensitivity (POS) after 48 hours and seven days in occlusal restorations bonded with three different adhesive systems, two of them containing glutaraldehyde. The restorative procedures were performed using the three-step etch-and-rinse Adper SBMP-Plus adhesive (SBMP), the two-step etch-and-rinse Gluma Comfort One Bond + Desensitizer adhesive (GC+D) and the all-in-one self-etching/priming I Bond (IB) adhesive, which also has glutaraldehyde in its formula. All cavities were restored with Filtek Supreme nanoparticle composite resin. After 48 hours and seven days the patients were recalled and the postoperative sensitivity evaluated. The data analyzed by non-parametric Friedman test showed no significant differences in POS among the three tested groups after 48 hours and seven days.

Adhesive systems: important aspects related to their composition and clinical use

This literature review article addresses the types and the main components of different etch-and-rinse and self-etch adhesive systems available in the market, and relates them to their function, possible chemical interactions and infuence of handling characteristics. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images are presented to characterize the interface between adhesives and dentin. Adhesive systems have been recently classifed according to their adhesion approaches in etch-and-rinse, self-etch and glass ionomer. The etch-and-rinse systems require a specifc acid-etch procedure and may be performed in two or three steps. Self-etch systems employ acidic monomers that demineralize and impregnate dental substrates almost at the same time. These systems are separated in one or two steps. Some advantages and defciencies were noted for etch-and-rinse and self-etch approaches, mainly for the simplifed ones due to some chemical associations and interactions. The SEM micrographs illustrate different relationships between adhesive systems and dental structures, particularly dentin. The knowledge of composition, characteristics and mechanisms of adhesion of each adhesive system is of fundamental importance to permit the adoption of ideal bonding strategies under clinical conditions.