Preclinical Effects Of Melatonin On The Development Of Ehrlich's Tumor: A Biochemical, Cognitive, And Molecular Approach.

BACKGROUND: It has already been shown that melatonin is an antitumoral molecule that affects malignant cells via some mechanisms. The benefit played by this hormone on cancer is due to its antioxidant effects. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the preclinical effects of melatonin in mice with the Ehrlich ascites tumor. METHODS: Twenty Balb/ c male mice with Ehrlich tumor were treated with different melatonin doses. Their inflammatory and oxidative stress were accessed by gene expression. Hepatotoxicity and hematological parameters were also evaluated through biochemical analyses. Animal welfare was analysed weekly from the categories guided by the NC3Rs. RESULTS: Gene expression analyses have shown that only Tnfα and Sod1 were expressed in all groups studied. Only the M-3 group showed increased Tnfα expression compared to the control. All groups treated with melatonin showed decreased Sod1 expression compared to the control. No signs of hepatotoxicity were caused by any of the melatonin doses used in the treatment. CONCLUSION: In animals with Ehrlich´s tumor treated with melatonin, a decrease in oxidative stress, an amelioration in welfare and in cognitive tasks could be observed, even if the treatment has not reduced the size of the tumor itself. In parallel with the already patented use of melatonin in the treatment of sleep disorders or chronic kidney disease, our results propose its use to improve the general well-being of breast cancer patients.

Micronucleus and different nuclear abnormalities in wild birds in the Cerrado, Brazil.

Free-living birds play an important role as bioindicators in natural environments. In this study, we used the micronucleus test and nuclear erythrocyte abnormalities to investigate the difference in the genotoxic damage frequency between animals in agricultural areas (soybean planting) in relation to the conserved area. It was also discussed the bird's eating habits, which are important for ecotoxicological analysis. The results point to a difference between the insectivorous, granivorous, and omnivorous guilds. The omnivore Gnorimopsar chopi was the species that most exhibited micronucleus frequency in the protected area. In the agricultural area, the animals did not differ in the genotoxic damage frequency. In the comparison between common species in both environments, G. chopi from the agricultural area showed a micronuclei frequency almost three times higher in relation to specimens collected in the conserved area. Based on these results, this study adds to the efforts of using the micronucleus test as a simple and accessible tool for biomonitoring the wild fauna. It can be concluded that the passerine, G. chopi, due to its higher genotoxic damage frequency may be a strong candidate to indicate environmental health.

Atuação da equipe multiprofissional de saúde ocupacional / The role of the multidisciplinary occupational health team

Apesar da denominação Equipe Multiprofissional de Saúde Ocupacional (EMSO) ainda ser utilizada, visto que está prevista no Manual de Saúde Ocupacional (MSO) e este encontrar-se em processo de revisão de seus marcos conceituais, atualmente se tem discutido a pertinência da substituição do termo "Saúde Ocupacional" pelo termo "Saúde do Servidor", considerando que: Saúde Ocupacional possui como base conceitual a ideia de que o objetivo seria adequar o ambiente de trabalho ao homem e cada homem ao seu trabalho, no qual a doença constitui objeto de ação da equipe (LACAZ, 2013). Saúde do Trabalhador traz a ideia de trabalho em equipe multiprofissional com atuação interdisciplinar com ampla abertura à participação dos trabalhadores, no qual o objeto de ação da equipe é a promoção da saúde (LACAZ, 2013). Cabe mencionar que o termo "Saúde do Trabalhador" está previsto na Política Nacional de Saúde do Trabalhador e Trabalhadora (PNSTT) (BRASIL, 2012). Tendo isso por base, considerou-se as especificidades e características próprias do serviço público estadual e o fato de que os servidores públicos representam uma parte específica dos trabalhadores, e desta forma, optou-se por utilizar o termo "Saúde do Servidor" assumindo o seguinte conceito: Saúde do Servidor: valor social público, relacionados a fatores ambientais, sociais, psicológicos, políticos, econômicos e organizacionais, que afetam o bem-estar e a qualidade de vida dos servidores públicos estaduais no trabalho.

Low-level laser therapy attenuates lung inflammation and airway remodeling in a murine model of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: Relevance to cytokines secretion from lung structural cells.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and chronic inflammatory disease with a poor prognosis and very few available treatment options. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has been gaining prominence as a new and effective anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory agent. Can lung inflammation and the airway remodeling be regulated by LLLT in an experimental model of IPF in C57Bl/6 mice? The present study investigated if laser attenuates cellular migration to the lungs, the airway remodeling as well as pro-fibrotic cytokines secretion from type II pneumocytes and fibroblasts. Mice were irradiated (780 nm and 30 mW) and then euthanized fifteen days after bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis. Lung inflammation and airway remodeling were evaluated through leukocyte counting in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and analysis of collagen in lung, respectively. Inflammatory cells in blood were also measured. For in vitro assays, bleomycin-activated fibroblasts and type II pneumocytes were irradiated with laser. The pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines level in BALF as well as cells supernatant were measured by ELISA, and the TGFß in lung was evaluated by flow cytometry. Lung histology was used to analyze collagen fibers around the airways. LLLT reduced both migration of inflammatory cells and deposition of collagen fibers in the lungs. In addition, LLLT downregulated pro-inflammatory cytokines and upregulated the IL-10 secretion from fibroblasts and pneumocytes. Laser therapy greatly reduced total lung TGFß. Systemically, LLLT also reduced the inflammatory cells counted in blood. There is no statistical difference in inflammatory parameters studied between mice of the basal group and the laser-treated mice. Data obtained indicate that laser effectively attenuates the lung inflammation, and the airway remodeling in experimental pulmonary fibrosis is driven to restore the balance between the pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in lung and inhibit the pro-fibrotic cytokines secretion from fibroblasts.

The tyrosine kinase inhibitor nilotinib is more efficient than mitotane in decreasing cell viability in spheroids prepared from adrenocortical carcinoma cells.

BACKGROUND: New drugs for adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) are needed because most patients undergo rapid disease progression despite surgery and adjuvant therapy with mitotane. In this study, we aimed to investigate the in vitro effects of different chemotherapy drugs, alone or combined with mitotane, on the viability of adrenocortical carcinoma cells. METHODS: Everolimus, sunitinib, zoledronic acid, imatinib and nilotinib cytotoxicity, alone or combined with mitotane were tested on ACC H295R cells in monolayer or spheroid cultures using MTS assays and confocal microscopy. Moreover, the nilotinib effects were investigated in spheroids cultured from patient tumor-derived ACC-T36 cells. RESULTS: Morphological characterization of H295R cell spheroids using histochemistry was performed and showed that dense, homogenously sized, multicellular spheroids were obtained. We observed that sunitinib and nilotinib alone were equally effective in a monolayer preparation, whereas mitotane was the most effective even at a low dose. A combination of sunitinib and mitotane was the most effective treatment, with only 23.8% of cells in the monolayer remaining viable. Spheroid preparations showed resistance to different drugs, although the poor effect produced by mitotane alone was surprising, with a cell viability of 84.6% in comparison with 13.1% in monolayer cells. The most ineffective drugs in spheroid preparations were everolimus, zoledronic acid and imatinib. In both cell types, nilotinib, either alone or in combination with mitotane induced more significant cell viability inhibition in monolayer and spheroid preparations. In addition, the mechanism of nilotinib activity involves the ERK1/2 pathway. CONCLUSION: Taken together, our data identified nilotinib as a cytotoxic drug that combined with ERK inhibitors deserves to be tested as a novel therapy for adrenocortical carcinoma.

Human Tubal-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Associated with Low Level Laser Therapy Significantly Reduces Cigarette Smoke-Induced COPD in C57BL/6 mice.

Cigarette smoke-induced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a very debilitating disease, with a very high prevalence worldwide, which results in a expressive economic and social burden. Therefore, new therapeutic approaches to treat these patients are of unquestionable relevance. The use of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) is an innovative and yet accessible approach for pulmonary acute and chronic diseases, mainly due to its important immunoregulatory, anti-fibrogenic, anti-apoptotic and pro-angiogenic. Besides, the use of adjuvant therapies, whose aim is to boost or synergize with their function should be tested. Low level laser (LLL) therapy is a relatively new and promising approach, with very low cost, no invasiveness and no side effects. Here, we aimed to study the effectiveness of human tube derived MSCs (htMSCs) cell therapy associated with a 30mW/3J-660 nm LLL irradiation in experimental cigarette smoke-induced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Thus, C57BL/6 mice were exposed to cigarette smoke for 75 days (twice a day) and all experiments were performed on day 76. Experimental groups receive htMSCS either intraperitoneally or intranasally and/or LLL irradiation either alone or in association. We show that co-therapy greatly reduces lung inflammation, lowering the cellular infiltrate and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion (IL-1ß, IL-6, TNF-α and KC), which were followed by decreased mucus production, collagen accumulation and tissue damage. These findings seemed to be secondary to the reduction of both NF-κB and NF-AT activation in lung tissues with a concomitant increase in IL-10. In summary, our data suggests that the concomitant use of MSCs + LLLT may be a promising therapeutic approach for lung inflammatory diseases as COPD.

Apoio matricial, uma clínica em extensão / Matrix support, an extension clinic

Este texto aborda a prática do apoio matricial em saúde mental como uma clínica em extensão, que busca alterar a frequente exclusão do sujeito e suas contingências de vida, que ocorrem em algumas intervenções na saúde pública. Na saúde pública predomina o discurso do mestre, biomédico, que é prescritivo e separa o sujeito doente do objeto doença. Já a perspectiva da humanização, da saúde coletiva e o discurso do analista incentivam a produção do saber dos sujeitos sobre si e dos profissionais sobre suas práticas e sobre os usuários. (AU)

This paper addresses the practice of mental health support matrix as an extension clinic that seeks to alter the frequent exclusion of the subject and its contingencies of life from the interventions in public health. In public health dominates the discourse of the master, biomedical, which is prescriptive and separates the subject from the object ill illness. Already the prospect of humanization, the collective health and the discourse of the analyst encourages the production of knowledge about the subjects themselves and professionals on their practices and about users. (AU)

Clínica da toxicomania: recortes de uma experiência em CAPS AD / Clinic of the addiction: clippings from an experience in CAPS AD / Clínica de la adicción: recortes de una experiencia en CAPS AD / Addiction clinique: coupures d'une expérience en CAPS AD

Este artigo trata de alguns pontos da clínica com a toxicomania a partir de recortes de casos atendidos em um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial em Álcool e Drogas (CAPS AD), abordando o lugar que a droga ocupa para o toxicômano, o qual a busca numa tentativa de autoconservação narcísica, mas acaba não obtendo essa sustentação simbólica, ou utiliza a droga numa tentativa de separar-se do grande Outro, porém, acaba aumentando sua alienação ao Outro. Vários autores da psicanálise afirmam que o toxicômano não foi suficientemente investido narcisicamente pelo Outro - suas identificações e seu eu são fragilmente sustentados. Por isso, é importante que parte do processo de direção da cura auxilie na sustentação narcísica e constituição do eu a partir dos significantes simbólicos que marcaram o sujeito. Os CAPS, com seus espaços coletivos de grupos de apoio e de oficinas terapêuticas, podem ofertar múltiplas possibilidades de espelhos para identificação e apoio narcísico. Em um segundo momento, a direção da cura auxilia a desvelar a falta e a substituir, aos poucos, o real da necessidade da droga pelo simbólico do desejo.(AU)

This article deals with some of the points with clinical drug addiction from cases seen in a Psychosocial Care Center on Alcohol and Drugs (CAPS AD ). Discusses the place that holds the drug to the addict for that search in an attempt to narcissistic self-preservation, but just not getting this symbolic support. Or use the drug in an attempt to separate themselves from the big Other, but actually increasing its sale to the Other. Several authors of psychoanalysis claim that the addict was not enough narcissistically invested by the Other, their identifications and your self are weakly supported. So it is important part of the direction of the healing process assists in narcissistic support and constitution of the self, from the significant symbolic marking the subject. The CAPS, with their collective spaces support groups and therapeutic workshops, can offer multiple possibilities of mirrors for identification and narcissistic support. And in a second moment, the direction of healing assists in unveiling the lack and gradually replace the real need of the drug by the symbolic desire.(AU)

Este artículo trata de algunos de los puntos con la drogadicción clínica de casos atendidos en un Centro de Atención Psicosocial sobre Alcohol y Drogas (CAPS AD). Discute el lugar que tiene el adicto a las drogas para esa búsqueda en un intento de auto-preservación narcisista, pero simplemente no conseguir este apoyo simbólico. O utilice el medicamento en un intento de separarse del gran Otro, pero en realidad el aumento de su venta a el Otro. Varios autores del psicoanálisis afirman que el adicto no era lo suficientemente narcisista invertido por el Otro, sus identificaciones y de su yo son débilmente apoyados. Por lo que es parte importante de la dirección del proceso de curación ayuda a apoyo narcisista y la constitución del yo, a partir de la significativa marca simbólica del sujeto. El CAPS, con sus espacios colectivos grupos de apoyo y talleres terapéuticos, puede ofrecer múltiples posibilidades de espejos para la identificación y el apoyo narcisista. Y en un segundo momento, la dirección de la curación ayuda en la revelación de la falta y reemplazar gradualmente la necesidad real de la droga por lo simbólico del deseo.(AU)

Cet article traite de certains points avec la toxicomanie clinique de cas observés dans un centre de soins psychosociaux sur l'alcool et les drogues (CAPS AD). Traite de la place que tient le drogue pour le toxicomane que la recherche comme une tentative de narcissique auto-préservation, mais juste ne pas obtenir ce soutien symbolique. Ou utilisez le drogue dans une tentative de se séparer de la grand Autre, mais en fait de plus en plus de sa vente à l'Autre. Plusieurs auteurs de la psychanalyse affirment que le toxicomane ne suffisait pas narcissiquement investi par l'Autre, leurs identification et votre Je sont faiblement pris en charge. Il est donc partie importante de la direction du processus de guérison aide à soutien narcissique et constitution du Je, des l'importante marques symboliques du sujet. Le CAPS, avec leurs espaces collectifs des groupes de soutien et des ateliers thérapeutiques, peut offrir de multiples possibilités de miroirs pour l'identification et le soutien narcissique. Et dans un deuxième temps, la direction de la guérison aide à dévoiler le manque et remplacer progressivement les besoins réels de la drogue par la symbolique désir.(AU)

Clínica da toxicomania: recortes de uma experiência em CAPS AD / Clinic of the addiction: clippings from an experience in CAPS AD / Clínica de la adicción: recortes de una experiencia en CAPS AD / Addiction clinique: coupures d'une expérience en CAPS AD

Este artigo trata de alguns pontos da clínica com a toxicomania a partir de recortes de casos atendidos em um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial em Álcool e Drogas (CAPS AD), abordando o lugar que a droga ocupa para o toxicômano, o qual a busca numa tentativa de autoconservação narcísica, mas acaba não obtendo essa sustentação simbólica, ou utiliza a droga numa tentativa de separar-se do grande Outro, porém, acaba aumentando sua alienação ao Outro. Vários autores da psicanálise afirmam que o toxicômano não foi suficientemente investido narcisicamente pelo Outro - suas identificações e seu eu são fragilmente sustentados. Por isso, é importante que parte do processo de direção da cura auxilie na sustentação narcísica e constituição do eu a partir dos significantes simbólicos que marcaram o sujeito. Os CAPS, com seus espaços coletivos de grupos de apoio e de oficinas terapêuticas, podem ofertar múltiplas possibilidades de espelhos para identificação e apoio narcísico. Em um segundo momento, a direção da cura auxilia a desvelar a falta e a substituir, aos poucos, o real da necessidade da droga pelo simbólico do desejo.

This article deals with some of the points with clinical drug addiction from cases seen in a Psychosocial Care Center on Alcohol and Drugs (CAPS AD ). Discusses the place that holds the drug to the addict for that search in an attempt to narcissistic self-preservation, but just not getting this symbolic support. Or use the drug in an attempt to separate themselves from the big Other, but actually increasing its sale to the Other. Several authors of psychoanalysis claim that the addict was not enough narcissistically invested by the Other, their identifications and your self are weakly supported. So it is important part of the direction of the healing process assists in narcissistic support and constitution of the self, from the significant symbolic marking the subject. The CAPS, with their collective spaces support groups and therapeutic workshops, can offer multiple possibilities of mirrors for identification and narcissistic support. And in a second moment, the direction of healing assists in unveiling the lack and gradually replace the real need of the drug by the symbolic desire.

Este artículo trata de algunos de los puntos con la drogadicción clínica de casos atendidos en un Centro de Atención Psicosocial sobre Alcohol y Drogas (CAPS AD). Discute el lugar que tiene el adicto a las drogas para esa búsqueda en un intento de auto-preservación narcisista, pero simplemente no conseguir este apoyo simbólico. O utilice el medicamento en un intento de separarse del gran Otro, pero en realidad el aumento de su venta a el Otro. Varios autores del psicoanálisis afirman que el adicto no era lo suficientemente narcisista invertido por el Otro, sus identificaciones y de su yo son débilmente apoyados. Por lo que es parte importante de la dirección del proceso de curación ayuda a apoyo narcisista y la constitución del yo, a partir de la significativa marca simbólica del sujeto. El CAPS, con sus espacios colectivos grupos de apoyo y talleres terapéuticos, puede ofrecer múltiples posibilidades de espejos para la identificación y el apoyo narcisista. Y en un segundo momento, la dirección de la curación ayuda en la revelación de la falta y reemplazar gradualmente la necesidad real de la droga por lo simbólico del deseo.

Cet article traite de certains points avec la toxicomanie clinique de cas observés dans un centre de soins psychosociaux sur l'alcool et les drogues (CAPS AD). Traite de la place que tient le drogue pour le toxicomane que la recherche comme une tentative de narcissique auto-préservation, mais juste ne pas obtenir ce soutien symbolique. Ou utilisez le drogue dans une tentative de se séparer de la grand Autre, mais en fait de plus en plus de sa vente à l'Autre. Plusieurs auteurs de la psychanalyse affirment que le toxicomane ne suffisait pas narcissiquement investi par l'Autre, leurs identification et votre Je sont faiblement pris en charge. Il est donc partie importante de la direction du processus de guérison aide à soutien narcissique et constitution du Je, des l'importante marques symboliques du sujet. Le CAPS, avec leurs espaces collectifs des groupes de soutien et des ateliers thérapeutiques, peut offrir de multiples possibilités de miroirs pour l'identification et le soutien narcissique. Et dans un deuxième temps, la direction de la guérison aide à dévoiler le manque et remplacer progressivement les besoins réels de la drogue par la symbolique désir.

[Practices that integrate mental health with public health: matricial support and interconsultation]. / Práticas que integram a saúde mental à saúde pública: o apoio matricial e a interconsulta.

This article is an offshoot of my doctoral thesis defended at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul. It seeks to approach the historical dissociation between mental health and broader public health as well as practices that work towards the integration of the two. It examines the scientific background that fosters this dissociation and also national and international health-related documents that stress the need for integration. Based on Rose, I analyzed the documents and interviews with health professionals on the practices of Matricial Support and Interconsultation formulated by the Ministry of Health and by the Porto Alegre/ Rio Grande do Sul Municipal Health Department, which seek to relate mental health with Primary Healthcare. These documents and health practices propose new subjectivations to the professionals. They emphasize the interdisciplinarity and the non-hierarchization of services and knowledge, and are in line with the form of contemporary social organization, which suggests taking horizontal and democratic decisions, rather than decisions imposed by a vertical authority typical of the patriarchal and biomedical model.

Práticas que integram a saúde mental à saúde pública: o apoio matricial e a interconsulta / Practices that integrate mental health with public health: matricial support and interconsultation

Este artigo é um desdobramento da Tese de Doutorado defendida na Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Tem como objetivo abordar a histórica dissociação entre a saúde mental e a saúde pública mais ampla bem como as práticas que propõem sua integração, examinando o contexto científico que produz esta dissociação bem como os documentos nacionais e internacionais na saúde que referem à necessidade de integração. Foram analisados a partir de Rose os documentos e entrevistas com profissionais da saúde sobre as práticas de Apoio Matricial e Interconsulta formuladas pelo Ministério da Saúde e pela Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Porto Alegre (RS), que pretendem relacionar a saúde mental com a Atenção Primária à Saúde. Estes documentos e práticas da saúde propõem aos profissionais novas subjetivações. Enfatizam a interdisciplinaridade e a não hierarquização de serviços e saberes, e estão em consonância com a forma de organização social contemporânea, que propõe que se assumam decisões horizontais e democráticas, em vez de impostas por uma autoridade vertical típica dos modelos patriarcal e biomédico.

This article is an offshoot of my doctoral thesis defended at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul. It seeks to approach the historical dissociation between mental health and broader public health as well as practices that work towards the integration of the two. It examines the scientific background that fosters this dissociation and also national and international health-related documents that stress the need for integration. Based on Rose, I analyzed the documents and interviews with health professionals on the practices of Matricial Support and Interconsultation formulated by the Ministry of Health and by the Porto Alegre/ Rio Grande do Sul Municipal Health Department, which seek to relate mental health with Primary Healthcare. These documents and health practices propose new subjectivations to the professionals. They emphasize the interdisciplinarity and the non-hierarchization of services and knowledge, and are in line with the form of contemporary social organization, which suggests taking horizontal and democratic decisions, rather than decisions imposed by a vertical authority typical of the patriarchal and biomedical model.

Análise morfológica de amostras de útero de cães fixados em formaldeído em diferentes concentrações e durações de tempo / Comparative morphological analysis of uterus of dogs in fixed buffered formaldehyde in different concentrations and time of fixation

Objetivo - A fixação é um dos pontos críticos para a realização de diversas técnicas laboratoriais, sendo o formaldeído amplamente utilizado na rotina e pesquisa científica com a finalidade de preservar a integridade morfológica das amostras especialmente para análise pela microscopia de luz. Mesmo com sua ampla utilização, não existem dados na literatura com protocolos padronizados que assegurem o tempo mínimo de fixação assim como a concentração ideal de formaldeído a ser utilizada. Métodos - Neste estudo foram analisadas amostras de útero de 20 cadelas hígidas, sem raça definida (SRD) e em idade reprodutiva (1-5 anos), fragmentados a uma espessura de 0,5 cm3. As amostras foram coletadas por cirurgia eletiva de ovário-salpingo-histerectomia (OSH), fixadas em formaldeído tamponado nas concentrações de 4%, 8% e 10% e retiradas nos tempos de 12, 24, 48 e 72 horas pós-fixação. Seguiu-se o processamento histológico de rotina e a análise pela microscopia de luz na coloração de hematoxilina e eosina (H/E) em diferentes aumentos. Resultados - A análise morfológica qualitativa pela microscopia de luz não demonstrou alterações morfológicas significativas entre as amostras fixadas em diferentes tempos e concentrações de formaldeído. Conclusão - Estes resultados corroboram com a rotina e a pesquisa permitindo a padronização do tempo mínimo de fixação de amostras (com espessura de até 0,5 cm3) em formaldeído para 12 horas quando utilizado nas concentrações 4%, 8% e 10%.

Objective - Fixation is a critical point for the performance of several diagnostic techniques, such as immunohistochemistry and DNA analysis. Formaldehyde is the fixation solution most commonly used in laboratories to preserve the morphological integrity of tissue. However, there are no reports of a protocol that ensures the minimum time and optimal concentration of formaldehyde. Methods - Analysis of the preservation of the uterus of 20 dogs with a fixed solution of buffered formaldehyde 4%, 8%, and 10%, during 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours of fixation. The uterus, included in paraffin and stained with hematoxylin-eosin, was evaluated in light microscopy. Results - The fixation with formaldehyde doesnït showed significant alteration in the tissue architecture of the uterus. Conclusion - This comparison indicates that the formaldehyde is a suitable solution for the system preservation, allowing its use in routine laboratory asa good protocol of fixation.

[Effect of vestibular rehabilitation in elder people: regarding balance, quality of life and perception]. / Efeito da reabilitação vestibular em idosos: quanto ao equilíbrio, qualidade de vida e percepção.

The current concerns with quality of life, population aging, limitations imposed by balance disturbance in the elder population and the alternative treatment through the vestibular rehabilitation had justified this study. The objective was to analyze in perspective the application of the Cawtome & Cooksey protocol for vestibular rehabilitation results in aged institutionalized people with complains of balance alterations and probability of fall, aiming the improvement of quality of life and that elders could perceive the limitations imposed by the balance disturbance. A hybrid methodology was used, searching an integration of quantitative and qualitative data associating the experimental to the phenomenological in a population of 30 elders with complains of balance alterations living in an asylum. The evaluation instruments had been the Berg Scale, Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) and speech analysis. As conclusion, it was evidenced that, within the population studied, the vestibular rehabilitation was effective regarding the improvement of symptoms of balance alteration in relation to quality of life, probability of fall as well as the security and independence feelings of the elders.

Efeito da reabilitação vestibular em idosos: quanto ao equilíbrio, qualidade de vida e percepção / Effect of vestibular rehabilitation in elder people: regarding balance, quality of life and perception

As atuais preocupações com qualidade de vida (QV), envelhecimento da população, limitações impostas pelos distúrbios do equilíbrio na população idosa e a alternativa de tratamento por meio da reabilitação vestibular (RV) justificaram este estudo. Nele, objetivou-se analisar, perspectivamente, os resultados da aplicação do protocolo de Cawtome & Cooksey para RV, em idosos institucionalizados, com queixas de alterações de equilíbrio e probabilidade de queda (PQ), visando à melhoria da QV e à percepção desses idosos sobre as limitações impostas pelos distúrbios do equilíbrio. Utilizou-se uma metodologia híbrida, buscando a integração de dados quantitativos e qualitativos, associando-se o estudo experimental ao fenomenológico, em uma população de trinta idosos asilados com queixas de alterações do equilíbrio. Os instrumentos de avaliação foram a Escala de Berg, Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) e análise de conteúdo. Como conclusão do estudo, constatou-se que, na população estudada, a RV foi efetiva quanto à melhora dos sintomas de alteração do equilíbrio em relação à QV, à PQ e aos sentimentos de segurança e independência dos idosos.

The current concerns with quality of life, population aging, limitations imposed by balance disturbance in the elder population and the alternative treatment through the vestibular rehabilitation had justified this study. The objective was to analyze in perspective the application of the Cawtome & Cooksey protocol for vestibular rehabilitation results in aged institutionalized people with complains of balance alterations and probability of fall, aiming the improvement of quality of life and that elders could perceive the limitations imposed by the balance disturbance. A hybrid methodology was used, searching an integration of quantitative and qualitative data associating the experimental to the phenomenological in a population of 30 elders with complains of balance alterations living in an asylum. The evaluation instruments had been the Berg Scale, Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) and speech analysis. As conclusion, it was evidenced that, within the population studied, the vestibular rehabilitation was effective regarding the improvement of symptoms of balance alteration in relation to quality of life, probability of fall as well as the security and independence feelings of the elders.

[Prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms and associated factors among metal industry workers in Canoas--RS]. / Prevalência de sintomas osteomusculares e fatores associados em trabalhadores de uma indústria metalúrgica de Canoas--RS.

Workers health is a field of community health that has opened spaces for identifying and preventing work-related diseases, especially musculoskeletal disorders in view of their extent and magnitude. We conducted thus a cross-sectional study in the biggest metal industry in the city of Canoas--RS, aimed at identifying the musculoskeletal symptoms of a group of metal industry workers and the association of these symptoms with socio-demographic and occupational variables. Two questionnaires were employed for gathering data: the first one was used to collect information on demographic and occupational variables and individual life habits and the second for identifying the prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms (Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire). Results showed that 75.2 % of the workers had related some kind of musculoskeletal symptom during the last 12 months, 53.3% during the last 7 days and 38.5% had already taken a time off due to this problem. There was also an association between the musculoskeletal symptom and the variables sex, age, occupation and educational level. We conclude that there is a high prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders among workers, calling for preventive actions and health promotion in the work environment.

Prevalência de sintomas osteomusculares e fatores associados em trabalhadores de uma indústria metalúrgica de Canoas - RS / Prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms and associated factors among metal industry workers in Canoas - RS

A saúde do trabalhador é um campo da saúde coletiva que vem criando espaços para a identificação e prevenção de doenças relacionadas ao trabalho, em especial as osteomusculares, em função da sua abrangência e magnitude. Desta forma, foi realizado um estudo objetivando conhecer os sintomas osteomusculares apresentados pelos trabalhadores de uma indústria metalúrgica do município de Canoas-RS e a associação destes com variáveis sociodemográficas e ocupacionais. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, realizado na maior indústria metalúrgica de Canoas-RS, com a utilização de dois questionários para coleta de dados, o primeiro para obtenção das variáveis demográficas, ocupacionais e hábitos de vida e o segundo para identificar a prevalência de sintomas osteomusculares (Questionário Nórdico de Sintomas Osteomusculares). Como resultado, encontrou-se que 75,2 por cento dos trabalhadores relataram algum tipo de sintoma osteomuscular nos últimos doze meses, 53,3 por cento nos últimos sete dias e 38,5 por cento já tiveram afastamento devido ao problema. Observou-se, também, associação entre sintoma osteomuscular e as variáveis sexo, faixa etária, ocupação e escolaridade. Por conseguinte, constata-se que a prevalência de sintomas osteomusculares em trabalhadores é alta, necessitando de ações de prevenção e promoção à saúde nos ambientes de trabalho.

Workers health is a field of community health that has opened spaces for identifying and preventing work-related diseases, especially musculoskeletal disorders in view of their extent and magnitude. We conducted thus a cross-sectional study in the biggest metal industry in the city of Canoas - RS, aimed at identifying the musculoskeletal symptoms of a group of metal industry workers and the association of these symptoms with socio-demographic and occupational variables. Two questionnaires were employed for gathering data: the first one was used to collect information on demographic and occupational variables and individual life habits and the second for identifying the prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms (Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire). Results showed that 75.2 percent of the workers had related some kind of musculoskeletal symptom during the last 12 months, 53.3 percent during the last 7 days and 38,5 percent had already taken a time off due to this problem. There was also an association between the musculoskeletal symptom and the variables sex, age, occupation and educational level. We conclude that there is a high prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders among workers, calling for preventive actions and health promotion in the work environment.

Caminhos da angústia na rede assistencial de saúde pública / The ways of anguish in the public health assistence

Este artigo aborda a angústia nas teorias de Freud e de Lacan, e os caminhos que a pessoa em sofrimento psíquico, percorre na rede assistencial de saúde pública, bem como a relação dessa organização assistencial com a noção de ciência moderna(AU)

This article is about the anguish in the theory of Freud and Lacan and the ways that the person in psyquic suffering and/or anguish run in the public health assistence, as the relation of this assistencial organization with the modern science(AU)

Inhibitory effects of beta-carotene and vitamin a during the progression phase of hepatocarcinogenesis involve inhibition of cell proliferation but not alterations in DNA methylation.

The inhibitory effects of Beta-carotene and vitamin A administered to rats in the progression phase of the resistant hepatocyte model of hepatocarcinogenesis were investigated. Beta-Carotene- and vitamin A-treated animals tended to present with a lower incidence of hepatic cancers than controls at sacrifice. Vitamin A, but not Beta-carotene, administration also tended to reduce the total number of persistent hepatocyte nodules. Histological examination of sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin confirmed these results. This suggests that both compounds exhibit inhibitory effects during conversion of persistent nodules to cancers, whereas only the retinoid is also capable of inhibiting the evolution of persistent nodules or causing them to regress. Moreover, Beta-carotene- and vitamin A-treated animals showed lower hepatic bromodeoxyuridine labeling indexes in neoplastic lesions as well as in adjacent normal tissues than controls, suggesting an inhibitory action of these substances on cell proliferation. However, neither Beta-carotene nor vitamin A administration resulted in substantial alterations in the CCGG sequence methylation pattern of hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase, c-myc, and c-Ha-ras genes, the products of which are related to cell proliferation and carcinogenesis. Therefore, these inhibitory effects of Beta-carotene and vitamin A on progression of hepatocarcinogenesis do not seem to be related to DNA methylation.

Effects of beta-carotene and vitamin A on oval cell proliferation and connexin 43 expression during hepatic differentiation in the rat(1).

The effects of beta-carotene and vitamin A administrations were evaluated in an in vivo model of hepatic cell differentiation. For this purpose, male Wistar rats received beta-carotene (70 mg/kg of body weight), vitamin A (10 mg/kg of body weight) or corn oil (control group), by gavage and at every other day during the entire experimental period. After 4 consecutive weeks of treatment, the animals were submitted to the AAF/PH model of hepatic cell differentiation (6 x 20 mg of AAF [2-acetylaminofluorene]/kg of body weight and partial hepatectomy) and killed on different days following the surgery (until day 16 after hepatectomy). Liver samples were collected for determination of beta-carotene, retinol and retinyl palmitate concentrations, for histopathological (hematoxilin-eosin) examination, for immunohistochemical detection of glutathione S-transferase, as well as for the evaluation of connexin 43 (a structural protein of gap junctions of oval cells) expression by northern blot analysis. Compared to controls, the oval cell proliferation peaks (observed by histopathological examination and immunohistochemistry) and connexin 43 expression peaks, were postponed to later days after hepatectomy, in a similar way in beta-carotene and vitamin A treated animals. Compared to the other experimental groups, the vitamin A treated group showed an increase in connexin 43 expression. It was concluded that beta-carotene and vitamin A modulated oval cell proliferation and connexin 43 expression, delaying both events. These findings suggest that beta-carotene and vitamin A can modulate the hepatic differentiation process in vivo.