Evaluación de las actividades asistenciales / Assessment of health care activities

OBJETIVO. Valorar las actividades sanitarias en prevención secundaria de cardiopatía isquémica que realizan Atención Primaria (AP) y Especializada (AE). MÉTODOS. Estudio transversal descriptivo y analítico. Censo de los pacientes dados de alta del Hospital de León durante 12 meses con diagnósticos 410-414 CIE-9. Posterior localización realizando encuesta protocolizada y analítica. RESULTADOS. De 446 pacientes, el 75,3% tuvieron contacto con el hospital, utilizando más bloqueadores beta, antiarrítmicos, estatinas y diuréticos. Se modificó el tratamiento en el hospital al 40,4%, siendo el motivo fundamental el ajuste posológico. El 92,6% consultaron con su médico de Atención Primaria (MAP) presentando diferencias en el uso de bloqueadores beta (36,8% frente al 18,2%) y en las cifras de presión arterial (PA) > 140/90 mmHg. El 31,4% se revisaron en consultas programadas por su MAP, utilizando más bloqueadores beta (44,3% frente al 31,4%), hipolipidemiantes (64,3% frente al 53,9%), tenían un porcentaje menor de PA >= 130/80 mmHg (72,9% frente al 82,7%) pero mayor de obesidad (27,9% frente al 18,1%). Al 45,5% su MAP les solicitó analítica, utilizando éstos más estatinas (64,5% frente al 51%). Al 11,9% su MAP les modificó el tratamiento, el principal motivo fue la introducción de un nuevo fármaco (30,2%). CONCLUSIONES. Realizar analíticas y establecer consultas programadas mejoran el control de los factores de riesgo cardiovascular (FRCV), pero son pocos los pacientes beneficiados con estas actividades. En AE se realizaron muchas actividades sanitarias no reflejándose en el control de los FRCV, posiblemente por no considerar esta intervención prioritaria. Sería necesario establecer las responsabilidades de cada nivel asistencial, desarrollando canales de comunicación entre los dos niveles que permitan optimizar recursos para posibilitar la continuidad en la atención al paciente

OBJECTIVE. Assess medical activities in secondary prevention of ischemic heart disease done in Primary and Specialized Health Care. METHODS. Descriptive, analytic cross-sectional study. Census of the patients discharged from the Hospital de Leon during 12 months with ICD-9 410-414 diagnosis. They were subsequently located by standardized and analytic survey was done. RESULTS. A total of 75.3% of 446 patient had contact with the hospital, using ß-blockers, antiarrhythmics, statins and diuretics. Treatment was changed in the hospital for 40.4%, the main reason being dosage adjustment. 92.6% consulted their primary care physician (PCP), with differences in the use of ß-blockers (36.8% versus 18.2%) and in the BP values > 140/90 mmHg. 31.4% were seen in scheduled visits by their PCP, and used more ß-blockers (44.3% versus 31.4%), lipid lowering drugs (64.3% versus 53.9%), had a lower percentage of PB >= 130/80 mmHg (72.9% versus 82.7%) but greater one of obesity (27.9% versus 18.1%). In 45.5%, the PCP requested analysis, and these used more statins (64.5% versus 51%). The PCP modified the treatment in 11.9%, the main reason being the introduction of a new drug (30.2%). CONCLUSIONS. Performing analyses and establishing scheduled visits improve the control of CVRF, however few patients benefit from these activities. Many activities are done in specialized care that are not reflected in the control of CVRF, possibly because it is not considered a priority intervention. It would be necessary to establish the responsibilities of each care level, developing communication channels between the two levels that make it possible to optimize resources to allow for continuity in the patient's care

[Angiographic correlates of the high-risk criteria for conventional exercise testing and the Duke treadmill score]. / Correlación angiográfica de los criterios de alto riesgo para ergometría convencional y el índice de Duke.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the sensitivity, the specificity, the positive and negative predictive value and the predictive accuracy of the Duke Treadmill Score, the Spanish Society of Cardiology (SEC) and American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) high-risk criteria for exercise testing in the detection of left main disease, three vessel disease and two vessel disease involving the proximal left anterior descending artery. PATIENTS AND METHOD: A cohort of 199 patients (age 75 years) consecutively admitted to hospital for unstable angina was studied. All patients underwent an exercise stress test and coronariography. RESULTS: The SEC high-risk Criteria showed a sensitivity of 69.2% and a specificity of 49.0%. The ACC/AHA high-risk Criteria demonstrated a sensitivity of 98.1% and a specificity of 23.8% and the Duke Treadmill Score presented a sensitivity of 30.8% and a specificity of 90.5%. In patients with moderate risk in the Duke Treadmill Score we found a sensitivity of 62.9% and a specificity of 39.8% for the SEC high-risk criteria, while the ACC/AHA high-risk Criteria presented a sensitivity of 100.0% and a specificity of 5.8%. CONCLUSIONS: The ACC/AHA high-risk Criteria showed a higher sensitivity while the Duke Treadmill Score presented a higher specificity for the detection of left main disease, three vessel disease and two vessel disease involving the proximal left anterior descending artery. The ACC/AHA and SEC high-risk Criteria were found to be very useful in the group of patients with moderate risk in the Duke Treadmill Score.

[Diagnostic methods in angina pectoris. The Angina Pectoris Study Group of the Ischemic Cardiopathy Section and Coronary Units of the Spanish Society of Cardiology]. / Métodos diagnósticos en la angina de pecho. Grupo de Estudio de Angina de Pecho de la Sección de Cardioplatía Isquémica y Unidades Coronarias de la Sociedad Espanola de Cardilogía.

Diagnosis and risk stratification in angina pectoris is supported on clinical evaluation, rest electrocardiogram, exercise stress test and coronary angiography. Use and timing application of that diagnostic methods depend on coronary artery disease prevalence and on clinical situation. This review describe diagnostic and prognostic value of the tests in angina pectoris.