RESUMO
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to identify predictors of mortality and potentially modifiable factors related to arrhythmias in patients that undergo transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Patients that undergo TAVR are at risk for complete heart block requiring pacemaker implant. Additionally, other arrhythmias, specifically atrial fibrillation (AF), are common in this population. It is unclear how arrhythmias and their management contribute to mortality risk. METHODS: The study analyzed 176 patients who underwent TAVR at a single center. Factors associated with pacemaker implantation within 30 days were analyzed by logistic regression. Factors associated with mortality were analyzed by Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses. RESULTS: Mean age was 80 ± 8.5 years. AF was present in 69 patients, and 39 received anticoagulation. Post-TAVR, a pacemaker was implanted in 25 patients within 30 days. Over a follow up of 566 ± 496 days, 49 patients died. In multivariable analysis, right bundle branch block remained significant (odds ratio 4.212, P = 0.012) for pacemaker implant within 30 days. The AF (hazard ratio [HR] 3.905, P = 0.001), albumin level (HR 0.316, P = 0.034), and diabetes (HR 2.323, P = 0.027) were predictors of death in a multivariate analysis, while pacemaker implant within 30 days was not. Patients with AF who were anticoagulated had improved survival in a stratified Kaplan-Meier analysis compared with those who were not anticoagulated (P = 0.0001). CONCLUSION: AF, diabetes, and low albumin levels are independently associated with mortality after TAVR. In particular, patients with AF who are not anticoagulated are at highest risk for death. Efforts to identify AF and consider anticoagulation should be emphasized.
Assuntos
Estenose da Valva Aórtica/cirurgia , Fibrilação Atrial/epidemiologia , Bloqueio de Ramo/epidemiologia , Estimulação Cardíaca Artificial/estatística & dados numéricos , Hipoalbuminemia/epidemiologia , Mortalidade , Marca-Passo Artificial/estatística & dados numéricos , Substituição da Valva Aórtica Transcateter , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Anticoagulantes/uso terapêutico , Estenose da Valva Aórtica/epidemiologia , Fibrilação Atrial/tratamento farmacológico , Bloqueio de Ramo/terapia , Comorbidade , Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiologia , Feminino , Bloqueio Cardíaco/epidemiologia , Bloqueio Cardíaco/terapia , Humanos , Hipoalbuminemia/metabolismo , Estimativa de Kaplan-Meier , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Análise Multivariada , Prognóstico , Modelos de Riscos Proporcionais , Estudos Retrospectivos , Albumina Sérica/metabolismoRESUMO
Background Coronary artery disease is the primary etiology for sudden cardiac arrest in adults, but potential differences in the incidence and utility of invasive coronary testing between resuscitated men and women have not been extensively evaluated. Our aim was to characterize angiographic similarities and differences between men and women after cardiac arrest. Methods and Results Data from the International Cardiac Arrest Registry-Cardiology database included patients resuscitated from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest of presumed cardiac origin, admitted to 7 academic cardiology/resuscitation centers during 2006 to 2017. Demographics, clinical factors, and angiographic findings of subjects were evaluated in relationship to sex and multivariable logistic regression models created to predict both angiography and outcome. Among 966 subjects, including 277 (29%) women and 689 (71%) men, fewer women had prior coronary artery disease and more had prior congestive heart failure (P=0.05). Women were less likely to have ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction (32% versus 39%, P=0.04). Among those with ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarctions, identification and distribution of culprit arteries was similar between women and men, and there were no differences in treatment or outcome. In patients without ST-segment elevation post-arrest, women were overall less likely to undergo coronary angiography (51% versus 61%, P<0.02), have a culprit vessel identified (29% versus 45%, P=0.03), and had fewer culprits acutely occluded (17% versus 28%, P=0.03). Women were also less often re-vascularized (44% versus 52%, P<0.03). Conclusions Among cardiac arrest survivors, women are less likely to undergo angiography or percutaneous coronary intervention than men. Sex disparities for invasive therapies in post-cardiac arrest care need continued attention.
Assuntos
Reanimação Cardiopulmonar , Angiografia Coronária/tendências , Doença da Artéria Coronariana/diagnóstico por imagem , Doença da Artéria Coronariana/terapia , Disparidades nos Níveis de Saúde , Disparidades em Assistência à Saúde/tendências , Parada Cardíaca Extra-Hospitalar/terapia , Intervenção Coronária Percutânea/tendências , Idoso , Doença da Artéria Coronariana/fisiopatologia , Bases de Dados Factuais , Feminino , Fatores de Risco de Doenças Cardíacas , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Parada Cardíaca Extra-Hospitalar/diagnóstico , Parada Cardíaca Extra-Hospitalar/fisiopatologia , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Sistema de Registros , Estudos Retrospectivos , Medição de Risco , Fatores Sexuais , Resultado do Tratamento , Estados UnidosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Observational studies have explored the safety of magnetic resonance (MR) scanning of patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) that are not Food and Drug Administration approved for MR scanning ("nonconditional"). However, concern has been raised that MR scanning that includes the thoracic region may pose a higher risk. This study examines the safety of MR scanning of thoracic versus nonthoracic regions of patients with CIEDs. METHODS: Patients underwent MR scanning utilizing an institutional protocol. CIED variables examined included sensing value, pacing capture threshold, lead impedance, and battery voltage. Regression analysis of the CIED variable differences (pre- to immediately post-MR and pre-MR to long-term follow-up) was performed to determine if CIED variable differences were dependent on region scanned (thoracic vs nonthoracic), time from CIED implant to MR scanning, or CIED type (pacemaker vs implantable cardioverter defibrillator). RESULTS: 238 patients (38% female, age 65 ± 15 years) underwent 339 MR scans, including 99 MR scans of the thoracic region. CIED variable differences to immediately post-MR or to long-term follow-up were not significantly different from zero (P > 0.05) and there was no dependence upon region scanned (thoracic vs nonthoracic), time from CIED implant to MR scan, or CIED type. One power-on reset occurred in a patient that underwent a cardiac MR and the CIED was successfully reprogrammed. There were no clinical adverse effects. CONCLUSIONS: CIED variable differences following MR scan were not dependent on the region scanned (thoracic vs nonthoracic) and there were no clinical adverse effects in this prospective cohort.
Assuntos
Desfibriladores Implantáveis , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Marca-Passo Artificial , Segurança do Paciente , Tórax/diagnóstico por imagem , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Estudos Prospectivos , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
Alzheimer's Disease (AD), the most progressive, degenerative neurologic disease of the brain and the most common cause of cognitive impairment in older adults, affects people who are beyond the 65 year age range. Although AD may affect people who are younger, it is definitely a painful and stressful experience for the patient as well as for loved ones. There are many stressors involved in the care of a person affected by AD: loneliness, depression, coping with unpredictable patient behavior, lack of knowledge regarding care of AD patients, etc. Monitoring the safety of AD patients and taking care of basic needs are sometimes challenging for caregivers. Nursing interventions would include: encouraging caregivers to learn more about the disease, understand what is available in the community for social support and understand legal and financial issues.