RESUMO
Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw is a well-described, yet poorly understood disease of bone that is commonly associated with antiresorptive and antiangiogenic drugs. We report a case of spontaneous bilateral osteonecrosis of the mandible in a patient with no previous exposure to either.
Assuntos
Osteonecrose , Inibidores da Angiogênese , Osteonecrose da Arcada Osseodentária Associada a Difosfonatos , Conservadores da Densidade Óssea , Difosfonatos , Humanos , MandíbulaRESUMO
In this article we review the pharmacodynamics of commercially available preparations of botulinum toxin type A, and discuss the potential uses of the drug in smile modification. A major emphasis is placed on applications relevant to modern dental practice, and to the complications arising from its use. Botulinum toxin A, when applied correctly, is a safe and effective means of achieving aesthetic smile modification, with limited data on any demonstrable long-term adverse effects.