[The clinical and pathogenetic role of erythrocyte catalase activity in diphtheria patients]. / Klinicheskaia i patogeneticheskaia rol' katalaznoi aktivnost' éritrotsitov u bol'nykh difteriei.

Cataleptic activity of erythrocytes was studied in 31 diphtheria and 10 quinsy patients versus 10 healthy controls. Inhibition of cataleptic activity in diphtheria directly correlated with growing severity of the disease. Such relationship was not found in quinsy.

[Effects of general anesthesia on the regulation of hydrogen peroxide metabolism in erythrocytes]. / Vliianie obshchei anestezii na reguliatsiiu metabolizma perekisi vodoroda v éritrotsite.

Changes in superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (C), and peroxidase (P) blood activity, as well as the activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PDH), isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICDH), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), and peroxide resistance of erythrocytes (PRE) have been studied in 45 gastroenterologic patients under different types of general anesthesia. A significant increase in G-6-PDH, SOD, K, P activity and an increase in ICDH and MDH activity, as well as a drop in PRE which tends to return to baseline postoperatively have been established during general anesthesia. SOD expressed the greatest intergroup differences. A fragment of mechanism of energy transfer in the erythrocyte aimed at hemoglobin oxygenation and tissue hypoxia compensation has been suggested.

[Changes in glyceraldehydephosphate dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase activity in erythrocytes depending upon the rate of glucose utilization]. / Izmenenie aktivnosti glitseral'degidfosfatdegidrogenazy, gliukozo-6-fosfatdegidrogenazy, superoksiddismutazy i katalazy v éritrotsitakh v zavisimosti ot skorosti utilizatsii gliukozy.

Content of glucose as well as activities of glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase (alpha-GPD), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase were studied in whole blood, in intact and hemolyzed erythrocytes of 57 volunteers within 120 min after sucrose loading. Direct correlation was found between the activity of the enzymes studied and level of glucose as well as the rate of its utilization in erythrocytes. These data suggest that reduced NAD- and NADP-containing oxidoreductases alpha-GPD and G6PD are donors of H+ used in biosynthesis of H2O2 catalyzed by SOD. Intact and hemolyzed erythrocytes are involved in destruction of H2O2 accompanied by liberation of O2, which reacted with Hb more readily as compared with atmospheric oxygen.

[Activity of NAD- and NADP-containing enzymes and catalase in human erythrocytes after sucrose loading]. / Aktivnost' NAD- i NADP-soderzhashchikh fermentov i katalazy v éritrotsitakh cheloveka posle nagruzki sakharozoi.

The dynamics of glucose content and activity of GL-6-FDG, MDG, ICDG and of catalase in the erythrocytes of healthy people under glucose load was investigated. It has been established that maximal increase of the glucose content in blood under glucose load occurs 60 min later and the peak of activity of all the studied enzymes--90 min later. A degree of the activity increase in certain enzymes is not the same. It enhances considerably in GL-6-FDG and catalase and is hardly tracable in MDG and ICDG. A conclusion is made that glucose metabolism in erythrocytes is accompanied by the intensification of synthesis and hydrogen peroxide decomposition processes.

[Glucose utilization and activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, isocitrate dehydrogenase and malate dehydrogenase in rat erythrocytes after treatment with tuberculostatic agents]. / Utilizatsiia gliukozy i aktivnost' gliukozo-6-fosfatdegidrogenazy, izotsitratdegidrogenazy i malatdegidrogenazy éritrotsitov krys pri deistvii tuberkulostaticheskimi preparatami.

Metazamide, phthivazid, larusan and rifamycin were shown to inhibit activities of glucose-6-phosphate-, isocitrate- and malate dehydrogenases in male rats within 10-14 days by 14-32%; as a result of this, the rate of glucose consumption was decreased in blood, as shown by the shape of sugar plots after loading with 300 mg of glucose. Administration of these drugs led to elevation of sugar curves by 11-18% as compared with controls. p-Amino-salicylic acid, isoniazid and protionamide inhibited the enzymatic activity but affected the rate of glucose consumption only slightly. Ethambutal activated these enzymes by 13-29%; the highest rate of glucose consumption was observed in presence of the drug.