RESUMO
El presente trabajo tiene por objeto el análisis de la infección nosocomial (IN) en el hospital de referencia regional de la Comunidad Autónoma de Extremadura en el primer trimestre de 2017. Utilizamos para ello como fuente de información los resultados de los cultivos clínicos y los antibiogramas realizados a los distintos pacientes y remitidos desde el Servicio de Microbiología de dicho hospital. La metodología seguida consiste en un análisis descriptivo individualizado y pormenorizado de los pacientes con cultivo positivo, realizado por una enfermera formada en vigilancia, prevención y control de infecciones, para determinar, según los criterios de la CDC (Center for Disease Control and Prevention), si el paciente ingre-sado en el centro hospitalario padece una IN. El resultado principal fue que el paciente tipo fue varón, en la sexta década de la vida, cuya infección más frecuente fue la de herida quirúrgica, causada por Staphylococcus spp., y si fuera el germen multirresistente sería por el Acinetobacter baumannii. Insistimos en la necesidad de tener una enfermera formada en vigilancia, prevención y control de la infección dada la importancia de estas funciones y su impacto en la calidad asistencial
The aim of this study is to analyze nosocomial infection (NI) in the regional reference hospital of the Autonomous Community of Extremadura in the first quarter of 2017. We used the results of clinical cultures and test of sensitivity to antibiotics as sources of information performed to the different patients and sent from the Microbiology Service of the hospital he methodology followed consists of an individualized and detailed descriptive analysis of patients with positive culture, performed by a nurse trained in surveillance, prevention and infection control, to determine, according to the criteria of the CDC (Center for Disease Control and Prevention), if the patient admitted to the hospital has an IN. The main result was that the type patient was a male, in the sixth decade of life, who's most frequent infection was surgical wound infection, caused by Staphylococcus spp., and if it were caused by a multidrug-resistant germ, it would be by Acinetobacter baumannii. We insist on the need of a nurse with training in surveillance, prevention and control of the infection due to the importance of these functions and the impact in quality of healthcare services
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Competência Profissional , Infecção Hospitalar/prevenção & controle , Papel do Profissional de Enfermagem , Recursos Humanos de Enfermagem Hospitalar , Infecções por Bactérias Gram-Positivas/microbiologia , Infecções por Bactérias Gram-Positivas/prevenção & controle , Infecções por Bactérias Gram-Negativas/microbiologia , Infecções por Bactérias Gram-Negativas/prevenção & controle , Estudos Transversais , Hospitais Universitários , Estações do AnoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: because they are health professionals, nursing and medical students' hands during internships can function as a transmission vehicle for hospital-acquired infections. METHOD: a descriptive study with nursing and medical degree students on the quality of the hand hygiene technique, which was assessed via a visual test using a hydroalcoholic solution marked with fluorescence and an ultraviolet lamp. RESULTS: 546 students were assessed, 73.8% from medicine and 26.2% from nursing. The area of the hand with a proper antiseptic distribution was the palm (92.9%); areas not properly scrubbed were the thumbs (55.1%). 24.7% was very good in both hands, 29.8% was good, 25.1% was fair, and 20.3% was poor. The worst assessed were the male, nursing and first year students. There were no significant differences in the age groups. CONCLUSIONS: hand hygiene technique is not applied efficiently. Education plays a key role in setting a good practice base in hand hygiene, theoretical knowledge, and in skill development, as well as good practice reinforcement.
Assuntos
Higiene das Mãos/métodos , Higiene das Mãos/normas , Estudantes de Medicina , Estudantes de Enfermagem , Estudos Transversais , Educação de Graduação em Medicina , Educação em Enfermagem , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Adulto JovemRESUMO
The aim of this study was to determine the quality of the hand hygiene (HH) technique of healthcare workers (HCW) in real conditions, without previous education or training. All 705 participants did the World Health Organization sequence for HH correctly, but only 9.5% actually achieved the highest rating (ie, all hand areas with hand rub distribution).
Assuntos
Higiene das Mãos/métodos , Higiene das Mãos/normas , Pessoal de Saúde , Raios Ultravioleta , Local de Trabalho , Humanos , Controle de QualidadeRESUMO
Objetivo principal: La higiene de manos (HM) es fundamental para una atención sanitaria limpia y segura. Los futuros profesionales de enfermería deben adquirir conocimientos tanto teóricos como prácticos en materia de HM. Metodología: Se evaluó la técnica de HM, registrando las regiones de las manos con/sin exposición a la solución alcohólica marcada con fluoresceína mediante una lámpara de luz ultravioleta. Resultados principales: Evaluamos 71 alumnos, 56,3 % de 2o curso y 43,7% de 3er curso de Enfermería. El 73,3% fueron mujeres. Realizaron la HM bien o muy bien el 45,1% de los alumnos. Las zonas donde con más frecuencia no se extendió la solución alcohólica fueron los pulgares (54,9%) y dorso (46,5%). No hubo diferencias significativas entre los dos cursos. Conclusión principal: El papel de la educación es fundamental para sentar las bases de buenas prácticas en HM, en conocimientos teóricos y en el desarrollo de habilidades y reforzamiento de buenas prácticas
Objective: Hand hygiene (HH) is essential for a clean and safe healthcare. The future nurses have to acquire both, theoretical and practical, knowledge, competencies and skills on HH. Methods: The HH technique was evaluated using an alcoholic solution incorporating fluorescent marker and ultraviolet lamp, and recording regions of the hands with / without exposure. Results: We evaluated 71 students, 56.3% in the 2nd year and 43.7% of 3rd year of Nursing School. The 73.3% were women. The HH was performed very good or good by 45.1% of students. The areas that alcoholic solution didn't reached most frequently were thumbs (54.9%) and dorsal part of hand (46.5%). No significant differences between courses were found. Conclusions: The role of education is essential to lay the foundation of good technique in HH, in theoretical knowledge and in the development of skills and reinforcement of good practices
