A Prospective Study of Costs Associated With the Evaluation of Allergic Reactions to Radiological Contrast Media.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The prevalence of hypersensitivity reactions to radiological contrast media (RCM) is increasing owing to the improved performance of diagnostic and therapeutic tests that require RCMs. Objective: We carried out a year-long real-life observational study to prospectively evaluate patients referred to the allergy department from primary care, the emergency department, and other specialties with suspected moderate-to-severe RCM hypersensitivity reactions. METHODS: To study the costs of evaluating RCM hypersensitivity reactions, we systematically recorded direct and indirect costs. RESULTS: Sixty-nine patients with previous reactions to RCM were evaluated in the allergy department from June 1, 2017, to May 31, 2018.Total direct health care costs were €10 715.84, with a mean (SD) cost per patient of €155.30 (77.08). Specifically, direct non-health care costs reached €1605.42 (mean, €23.27 [41.14]), and indirect costs were €6490.85 (mean, €94.07 [110.61]). In summary, the total cost was €18 812.11, that is, a mean cost of €272.64 (164.77). CONCLUSION: Our study shows that the costs of an elective evaluation of hypersensitivity reactions to RCM are low, thus confirming that correct and safe management of affected patients are cost-effective. Therefore, our efforts should be directed toward ensuring the necessary logistics.

A Prospective Study of Costs Associated With the Evaluation of Allergic Reactions to Radiological Contrast Media

Background: The prevalence of hypersensitivity reactions to radiological contrast media (RCM) is increasing owing to the improved performance of diagnostic and therapeutic tests that require RCMs. Objective: We carried out a year-long real-life observational study to prospectively evaluate patients referred to the allergy department from primary care, the emergency department, and other specialties with suspected moderate-to-severe RCM hypersensitivity reactions. Methods: To study the costs of evaluating RCM hypersensitivity reactions, we systematically recorded direct and indirect costs. Results: Sixty-nine patients with previous reactions to RCM were evaluated in the allergy department from June 1, 2017, to May 31, 2018.Total direct health care costs were €10 715.84, with a mean (SD) cost per patient of €155.30 (77.08). Specifically, direct non–health care costs reached €1605.42 (mean, €23.27 [41.14]), and indirect costs were €6490.85 (mean, €94.07 [110.61]). In summary, the total cost was €18 812.11, that is, a mean cost of €272.64 (164.77). Conclusions: Our study shows that the costs of an elective evaluation of hypersensitivity reactions to RCM are low, thus confirming that correct and safe management of affected patients are cost-effective. Therefore, our efforts should be directed toward ensuring the necessary logistics (AU)

Antecedentes: La prevalencia de reacciones de hipersensibilidad a los medios de contraste radiológico (MCR) está aumentando debido al incremento en la realización de pruebas diagnósticas y terapéuticas que requieren MCR. Objetivo: Hemos realizado un estudio observacional de un año de duración para evaluar prospectivamente a los pacientes remitidos al Servicio de Alergología con sospecha de reacciones moderadas a graves por hipersensibilidad a MCR.Métodos: Para estudiar los costes de la evaluación de la hipersensibilidad a MCR, se registraron sistemáticamente los costes directos e indirectos. Resultados: Se evaluaron 69 pacientes con reacciones previas a MCR remitidos al Servicio de Alergología desde el 1 de junio de 2017 hasta el 31 de mayo de 2018. Los costes sanitarios directos totales fueron de 10.715,84 €, con un coste medio por paciente de 155,30 € ± 77,08. En concreto, los costes directos no sanitarios alcanzaron los 1.605,42 € (media 23,27 € ± 41,14 €) y los costes indirectos fueron de6.490,85 € (media 94,07 € ± 110,61 €). En resumen, el coste total fue de 18.812,11 €, lo que supone un coste medio de 272,64 ± 164,77 €. Conclusiones: Nuestro estudio refleja que los costes de una evaluación electiva de hipersensibilidad a MCR son bajos. Este hecho reafirma que el manejo correcto y seguro de estos pacientes podría ser rentable, por lo que nuestros esfuerzos deben estar dirigidos a implementar la logística necesaria (AU)

A Comprehensive Prospective Study of the Costs Associated With Evaluation of ß-Lactam Allergy.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Being labeled as allergic to penicillin (unverified ß-lactam allergy) can result in patients receiving broader-spectrum antibiotics than necessary that may be more toxic, less effective, and/or more expensive than alternative options. Objective: We aimed to evaluate the real costs of evaluating ß-lactam allergy. METHODS: We performed a prospective real-life observational study designed to evaluate all adult patients who consulted for suspected ß-lactam allergy over a 1-year period. Direct and indirect costs were systematically recorded. Direct health costs were calculated based on the number of visits and all additional and diagnostic tests performed, direct nonhealth costs based on the number of visits and the distance from their homes to the Allergy Department, and indirect costs based on absenteeism. RESULTS: A total of 296 patients with suspected allergy to ß-lactams were evaluated in our outpatient clinic from June 1, 2017 to May 31, 2018. Total direct health care costs were €28 176.70, with a mean (SD) cost of €95.19 (37.20). Direct nonhealth costs reached €6551.73, that is, €22.13 (40.44) per patient. Indirect health costs reached €20 769.20, with a mean of €70.17 (127.40). In summary, the total cost was €55 497.63, that is, a cost per patient of €187.49 (148.14). CONCLUSIONS: When all possible costs are taken into account, the evaluation of ß-lactam allergy is not expensive and can reduce future expense arising from unnecessary use of more expensive and less effective antibiotics.

A Comprehensive Prospective Study of the Costs Associated With Evaluation of beta-Lactam Allergy

BACKGROUND: Being labeled as allergic to penicillin (unverified beta-lactam allergy) can result in patients receiving broader-spectrum antibiotics than necessary that may be more toxic, less effective, and/or more expensive than alternative options. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to evaluate the real costs of evaluating beta-lactam allergy. METHODS: We performed a prospective real-life observational study designed to evaluate all adult patients who consulted for suspected beta-lactam allergy over a 1-year period. Direct and indirect costs were systematically recorded. Direct health costs were calculated based on the number of visits and all additional and diagnostic tests performed, direct nonhealth costs based on the number of visits and the distance from their homes to the Allergy Department, and indirect costs based on absenteeism. RESULTS: A total of 296 patients with suspected allergy to beta-lactams were evaluated in our outpatient clinic from June 1, 2017 to May 31, 2018. Total direct health care costs were (Euro)28 176.70, with a mean (SD) cost of (Euro)95.19 (37.20). Direct nonhealth costs reached (Euro)6551.73, that is, (Euro)22.13 (40.44) per patient. Indirect health costs reached (Euro)20 769.20, with a mean of (Euro)70.17 (127.40). In summary, the total cost was (Euro)55 497.63, that is, a cost per patient of (Euro)187.49 (148.14). CONCLUSIONS: When all possible costs are taken into account, the evaluation of beta-lactam allergy is not expensive and can reduce future expense arising from unnecessary use of more expensive and less effective antibiotics

INTRODUCCIÓN: Un diagnóstico no verificado de alergia a la penicilina o a los betalactámicos (BL) conlleva que los pacientes reciban antibióticos de amplio espectro, que pueden ser más tóxicos, menos efectivos, y/o de mayor coste. OBJETIVO: Evaluar los costes reales de un estudio de alergia a los betalactámicos. MÉTODOS: Se diseñó un estudio observacional prospectivo en condiciones de práctica clínica habitual en el que se evaluaron todos los pacientes adultos que consultaron por sospecha de alergia a BL durante un año. Los costes directos e indirectos se recogieron sistemáticamente. Los costes directos sanitarios se calcularon teniendo en cuenta el número de visitas y todas las pruebas diagnósticas realizadas; en los costes directos no sanitarios se consideraron el número de visitas y los kilómetros desde el domicilio hasta el Servicio de Alergología; en los costes indirectos se evaluó el absentismo. RESULTADOS: Se evaluaron 296 pacientes remitidos desde el 1 de junio de 2017 hasta el 31 de mayo de 2018. Los costes directos totales sanitarios fueron 28.176,70 (Euro): coste medio (desviación estándar, DS) de 95,19 (Euro) (37,20). Los costes directos no sanitarios alcanzaron, 6.551,73: coste medio 22,13 (40,44). Los costes indirectos fueron 20.769,20 (Euro): coste medio (DS) 70,17 (127,40). En resumen, la cantidad total fue de 55.497,63 (Euro), lo que supone un coste medio de 187,49 (Euro) (148,14). CONCLUSIONES: Considerando todos los costes posibles, la evaluación de la alergia a betalactámicos no es cara y puede ahorrar gastos futuros debido a una utilización innecesaria de antibióticos más caros y menos efectivos