[Correlation between computed axial tomography and ileum obturating lymphadenectomy in localized adenocarcinoma of the prostate]. / Correlación entre tomografía axial computada y linfadenectomía ileoobturatriz en el adenocarcinoma de próstata localizado.

OBJECTIVE: To correlate the findings of CT and ileoobturator lymphadenectomy in patients with localized adenocarcinoma of the prostate. METHODS: 94 patients with adenocarcinoma of the prostate were evaluated. Ileoobturator lymphadenectomy and brachytherapy were performed in 61.1%, radical prostatectomy in 22.5% and lymphadenectomy with prostatic labeling for subsequent external radiation therapy in 5%. Lymph node CT and pathology findings were correlated. RESULTS: Of 92 patients with a normal CT scan, 18 had positive nodes and 19.1% were understaged. Two patients with a CT scan suggestive of metastatic adenopathy had negative pathology findings. Seventy-two of the 92 patients with normal CT scans had negative nodes, accounting for a specificity of 76.6%. CONCLUSION: Pelvic lymph node involvement changes the prognosis of prostate cancer. However, the ability of CT to detect lymph node metastasis is limited. It is therefore not a reliable method and raises the costs of staging unnecessarily.

[Treatment of the regional lymph nodes in squamous carcinoma of the penis]. / Tratamiento de los ganglios regionales en el carcinoma escamoso de pene.

OBJECTIVES: We evaluated the management of the regional lymph nodes to determine the appropriate treatment for carcinoma of the penis. METHODS: The records of 36 patients with carcinoma of the penis were reviewed. Lymphadenectomy was performed in 18 patients, 17 were managed conservatively (watchful waiting) and 1 patient had a biopsy and received radiotherapy. RESULTS: Positive nodes were found in 2 of 2 pT4, 2 of 3 pT3, 8 of 13 pT2 and 2 of 12 pT1 patients submitted to lymphadenectomy. Concerning the histological grade, positive nodes were found in all of the 4 G3, 5 of 12 G2 and 3 of 20 G1 patients. The survival rate was 100% for the patients with negative lymph nodes (pNO = 6) or a single positive inguinal lymph node (pN1 = 5). A correlation was found between the T and the histological grade and the likelihood of lymph node invasion. CONCLUSIONS: The T and the histological grade of the primary lesion must be considered when deciding the approach in the management of the lymph nodes as unnecessary lymphadenectomy can be avoided and those at high risk of lymph node invasion can be treated radically and timely.

Tumores renales pequeños: la problematica del error diagnostico / Renal small tumours: the diagnostic mistake

Se presentan los casos de tres pacientes a los cuales se les había realizado un diagnóstico por imágenes de tumor renal. En ninguno de los casos el diámetro mayor de la formación tumoral excedía los 4,5 cm. En todos los casos existió la firme sospecha de que podría tratarse de un carcinoma renal. Los 3 pacientes fueron sometidos a cirugía. En 1 de ellos se efectuó una nefrectomía radical, y en los 2 restantes una cirugía conservadora de parénquina renal. El examen anatomopatológico definitivo determinó que ninguna de las tres tumoraciones correspondieron a un carcinoma renal

Tumores renales pequeños: la problematica del error diagnostico / Renal small tumours: the diagnostic mistake

Se presentan los casos de tres pacientes a los cuales se les había realizado un diagnóstico por imágenes de tumor renal. En ninguno de los casos el diámetro mayor de la formación tumoral excedía los 4,5 cm. En todos los casos existió la firme sospecha de que podría tratarse de un carcinoma renal. Los 3 pacientes fueron sometidos a cirugía. En 1 de ellos se efectuó una nefrectomía radical, y en los 2 restantes una cirugía conservadora de parénquina renal. El examen anatomopatológico definitivo determinó que ninguna de las tres tumoraciones correspondieron a un carcinoma renal(AU)