RESUMO
The authors assessed the effectiveness and reliability of a new ultrasound system for evaluating the quality of bone tissue in a series of female patients with suspected type I osteoporosis. Evaluation with ultrasound was performed at the distal metaphysis of the first phalanx of the long fingers of the non-dominant hand. The investigation involves the measurement of the AD-SoS and the evaluation of the screen trace of the US signal transmitted through the phalanx. The data supplied by US were compared with the measurement of BMC through DPA on the ultradistal radius performed on the same day. The study involved 94 patients of age 42 to 73 years. A positive correlation was found between AD-SoS and BMC, r = 0.75, and a negative correlation between AD-SoS and the age of the patients, r = -0.62. Ultrasound investigation enables correct identification in 78% of patients; in particular, none of the patients recognized as pathologic at ultrasound investigation figured as normal at DPA. The authors conclude that the system studied is reliable and supplies important information on the quality of bone tissue, and can usefully complement the methods for measuring BMC.
Assuntos
Osso e Ossos/diagnóstico por imagem , Dedos/diagnóstico por imagem , Osteoporose/diagnóstico por imagem , Adulto , Idoso , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Modelos Biológicos , Osteoporose/diagnóstico , Ultrassonografia/instrumentaçãoAssuntos
Vasculite/patologia , Adulto , Idoso , Humanos , Rim/patologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Vasculite/tratamento farmacológicoRESUMO
In nine chronic haemodialysis patients, treated alternately with acetate and bicarbonate, the main critical factors in oxygen supply to the tissues were evaluated: Hb values, blood gas parameters, red cell 2-3 diphosphoglycerate (2-3 DPG), phosphataemia and P50 in vivo. Predialytic P50 was higher than in normal controls. During dialysis, arterial pO2 and pCO2 significantly decreased in acetate dialysis, whereas they were stable in bicarbonate dialysis. Rising alkalinisation was accompanied, both in acetate dialysis and in bicarbonate dialysis, by reduction of P50, while 2-3 DPG did not change. The acute increase in Hb-O2 affinity adversely affected peripheral oxygen release. In acetate dialysis this mechanism might magnify the effects of dialysis-induced hypoxaemia, affecting the clinical tolerance.
Assuntos
Hipóxia/etiologia , Oxiemoglobinas/metabolismo , Diálise Renal/efeitos adversos , 2,3-Difosfoglicerato , Acetatos , Ácido Acético , Bicarbonatos , Ácidos Difosfoglicéricos/sangue , Humanos , Hipóxia/sangue , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Oxigênio/sangueRESUMO
Hemorheological measurements were made in 8 stable chronic haemodialysis patients observed in conventional acetate dialysis (AD) with Cuprophan membrane and then in biofiltration (BF) with PAN AN69S membrane. Blood viscosity diminished at the beginning, both during BF and AD, reaching pre-dialytic values again at the end of treatment. Blood and erythrocyte filtration increased after 20 min in AD and throughout the session in BF. Preliminary results suggest an improvement of hemorheological parameters during dialytic treatment, more notable in BF than in AD.