Racial disparities in access to minimally invasive proctectomy for rectal cancer-a National Surgical Quality Improvement Program study.

AIM: The aim of this work was to determine racial disparities in access to minimally invasive proctectomy using a national database. METHOD: A retrospective review of the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program evaluated for surgical approach (robotic, laparoscopic or open), demographics and comorbidity, and then compared by race. RESULTS: A total of 3511 patients (325 Asian, 2925 White, 261 African American/Black) with cancer who underwent a proctectomy between 2016 and 2020 were included. Both Asians and Whites had significantly higher rates of laparoscopic proctectomy relative to African Americans (38.5%, 33.8% and 28.7%, respectively; p = 0.0001). Asians had the highest rate of robotic proctectomy (38.2%, p = 0.0001). Conversely, Black patients had significantly higher rates of open proctectomy followed by Whites and then Asians (42.1%, 35.4% and 23.4%, respectively; p = 0.0001). In multivariable logistic regression with backward elimination, African Americans were 0.7 times as likely to undergo laparoscopic proctectomy and 1.4 times more likely to undergo open proctectomy than Whites (p = 0.043). Compared with Whites, Asians were 1.8, 1.7 and 1.9 times more likely to undergo minimally invasive, laparoscopic proctectomy and robotic proctectomy, respectively (p = 0.0001, p = 0.001, p = 0.0001). CONCLUSION: Asians had the highest rate of laparoscopic and robotic proctectomy, while Blacks had the highest rate of open proctectomy. African Americans were least likely to undergo laparoscopic proctectomy compared with all races. Race is an independent risk factor for access to minimally invasive proctectomy.

Radiofrequency ablation as a novel modality in Ecuador for treating toxic thyroid nodules: a case series.

Background: Treating hyperthyroidism induced by autonomously functioning thyroid nodules (AFTNs) through radioactive iodine and surgery often results in undesirable hypothyroidism. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has arisen as a favorable option. European guidelines recommend RFA for small AFTN in young patients, aiming to restore normal thyroid function and avoid irradiation. The procedure, costing between 500 and 1,000 euros, is conducted in outpatient clinics and takes 15 to 40 minutes. We aimed to describe the clinical outcomes of AFTN patients treated with RFA in Ecuador. Case Description: We included eight patients with toxic thyroid nodules suppressed thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), with symptomatic hyperthyroidism. The mean age was 41.63 years [standard deviation (SD): 14.97 years]. The median follow-up time was 8 months. Nodules were solid (37.5%) or predominantly solid (62.5%). The mean volume pre-RFA was 5.27 mL [interquartile range (IQR), 0.70-9.66 mL]. After ablation, the median volumes at 1, 3, and 6 months were [2.25 (SD: 1.67; P<0.12), 1.28 (SD: 1.1; P=0.013), and 1.37 (SD: 1; P=0.23) mL], respectively. The volume reduction (VR) was 45.8%, 75.1%, and 69.7% at 1-, 3-, and 6-month follow-up, respectively. Conclusions: RFA holds promise as a potential therapeutic approach for managing AFTNs. The success and the feasibility of RFA in this series are consistent with other studies as a treatment option in young patients with small AFTN. However, more research is needed to establish comprehensive guidelines and protocols to maximize the benefits of RFA in AFTNs.

Radiofrequency ablation for thyroid nodules in Ecuador: a cross-sectional study.

OBJECTIVES: To describe the demographic characteristics and clinical outcomes following the first cohort of patients with Bening Thyroid Nodule (BTN) and (Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma) (PTMC) treated with Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA)in Ecuador. METHODS: Single-center, cross-sectional study. We included adults undergoing RFA for BTN and PTMC between July 2019 and May 2022. Descriptive statistics and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test were used to compare some pre- and post-intervention outcomes. RESULTS: We included 44 patients with 36 BTNs and eight PTMCs. The median age was 45.80 years (IQR 16-79 years), and most patients had normal thyroid function (72.72%). The median follow-up time was 7.80 months (IQR1.0-34.0). Nodules were primarily solid (43.21%) or predominantly solid (56.81%). The pre-RFA median volume in the benign lesions group was 10.30 ml (IQR 1.86-18.97). After ablation, the 1-month, 3-month, 6-month, and 12-month median volumes were 6.90 (IQR 0.48-10.15; p < 0.01) mL, 5.72 (IQR 0.77-7.25; p = 0.045); 0.98 (IQR 0.25-3.64; p < 0.01), and 0.11 (IQR 0.07-11.26; p = 0.026), respectively. The volume rate reduction was 47.20%, 72.20%, 74.00%, and 96.20% at 1, 3, 6, and 12-month follow-ups, respectively. The pre-RFA median volume in the PTMC group was 0.25 ml (IQR 0.19-0.48). After ablation, the 1-month, 3-month, and 6-month mean volumes were 0.19 (range 0.12-0.31; p = 0.120) mL, 0.10 (IQR 0.05-0.15; p = 0.13), and 0.01 (IQR 0.005-0.04; p = 0.364), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: In this first report from Ecuador, we found that RFA may be a feasible alternative for treating benign and malignant thyroid nodules in the short term. Long-term data are needed to evaluate oncologic outcomes in PTMC patients.

Ablation techniques or active surveillance compared to surgical resection in patients with low-risk papillary thyroid cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: The global prevalence of thyroid cancer is on the rise. About one-third of newly diagnosed thyroid cancer cases comprise low-risk papillary thyroid cancer (1.5 cm or more minor). While surgical removal remains the prevailing approach for managing low-risk papillary thyroid cancer (LPTC) in patients, other options such as active surveillance (AS), radiofrequency ablation (RFA), microwave ablation (MWA), and laser ablation (LA) are also being considered as viable alternatives. This study evaluated and compared surgical thyroid resection (TSR) versus non-surgical (NS) methods for treating patients with LPTC. METHODS: The study encompassed an analysis of comparisons between surgical thyroid resection (TSR) and alternative approaches, including active surveillance (AS), radiofrequency ablation (RFA), microwave ablation (MWA), or laser ablation (LA). The focus was on patients with biopsy-confirmed low-risk papillary thyroid cancer (LPTC) of less than 1.5 cm without preoperative indications of local or distant metastasis. The primary outcomes assessed were recurrence rates, disease-specific mortality, and quality of life (QoL). Data were collected from prominent databases, including Cochrane Database, Embase, MEDLINE, and Scopus, from inception to June 3rd, 2020. The CLARITY tool was utilized to evaluate bias risk. The analysis involved odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for dichotomous outcomes, as well as mean differences (MD) and standardized mean differences (SMD) for continuous outcomes. The study is registered on PROSPERO under the identifier CRD42021235657. RESULTS: The study incorporated 13 retrospective cohort studies involving 4034 patients. Surgical thyroid resection (TSR), active surveillance (AS), and minimally invasive techniques like radiofrequency ablation (RFA), microwave ablation (MWA), and laser ablation (LA) were performed in varying proportions of cases. The analysis indicated that specific disease mortality rates were comparable among AS, MWA, and TSR groups. The risk of recurrence, evaluated over different follow-up periods, showed no significant differences when comparing AS, RFA, MWA, or LA against TSR. Patients undergoing AS demonstrated better physical health-related quality of life (QoL) than those undergoing TSR. However, no substantial differences were observed in the overall mental health domain of QoL when comparing AS or RFA with TSR. The risk of bias was moderate in nine studies and high in four. CONCLUSION: Low-quality evidence indicates comparable recurrence and disease-specific mortality risks among patients with LPTC who underwent ablation techniques or active surveillance (AS) compared to surgery. Nevertheless, individuals who opted for AS exhibited enhanced physical quality of life (QoL). Subsequent investigations are warranted to validate these findings.

Incidence rate and histology of appendiceal neoplasms in complicated versus uncomplicated appendicitis: A meta-analysis and systematic review.

INTRODUCTION: Studies evaluating the rate and histology of appendiceal neoplasms between complicated and uncomplicated appendicitis include a small number of patients. Therefore, we sought a meta-analysis and systematic review comparing the rates and types of appendiceal neoplasm between complicated and uncomplicated appendicitis. METHODS: We included articles published from the time of inception of the datasets to September 30, 2022. The electronic databases included English publications in Ovid MEDLINE In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations, Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid EMBASE, and Scopus. RESULTS: A total of 4962 patients with appendicitis enrolled in 4 comparative studies were included. The mean age was 43.55 years (16- 94), and half were male (51%). Based on intra-operative findings, 1394 (38%) had complicated appendicitis, and 3558 (62%) had uncomplicated appendicitis. The overall incidence rate of neoplasm was 1.98%. No significant difference was found in the incidence rate of appendiceal neoplasm between complicated (3.29%) and uncomplicated (1.49%) appendicitis (OR 0.44, 95% CI 0.16- 1.23; p < 0.087; I2 = 54.9%). The most common appendiceal neoplasms were Neuroendocrine Tumors (NET) (49.21%), Nonmucinous Adenocarcinoma (24.24%), Mixed Adeno-Neuroendocrine Tumor (MANEC) (11.40%), Mucinous Adenocarcinoma (4.44%). There was a significant difference between complicated and uncomplicated appendicitis in rates of adenocarcinoma (50% vs. 13%), NET (31% vs. 74%), MANEC (19% vs. 13%) (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: While there was no significant difference in the overall neoplasm rate between complicated and uncomplicated appendicitis, the NET rate was significantly higher in uncomplicated appendicitis. In comparison, the Adenocarcinoma rate was considerably higher in Complicated appendicitis. These findings emphasize the importance of evaluating risk factors for neoplasm when considering appendectomy in patients with appendicitis.

Canal wall up versus canal wall down mastoidectomy techniques in the pediatric population with cholesteatoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis of comparative studies.

IMPORTANCE: The optimal surgical management of cholesteatoma remains controversial. Within pediatric otolaryngology, one of the most vital points of contention is the selection of canal wall-up (CWU) versus canal wall-down (CWD) procedures. Pediatric cholesteatoma has high rates of recurrence (16%-54%). In adults, there is evidence that the selection of surgical techniques affects recurrence rates. This has not been shown in children. OBJECTIVES: 1. To systematically review the literature on recurrent and residual cholesteatoma after CWU and CWD in children and perform a meta-analysis of the data. 2. To assess the rates of recurrent and residual cholesteatoma between CWU and CWD techniques in pediatric patients. 3. To assess hearing outcomes by evaluating postoperative differences in the air-bone gap (ABG) between CWU and CWD techniques. DATA SOURCES: A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane Collaboration was performed from inception to May 1st, 2020, to identify studies that compared CWU and CWD procedures for acquired cholesteatoma in children. STUDY SELECTION: Search records were screened in duplicate by four reviewers. Inclusion criteria consisted of comparative randomized clinical trials and observational studies assessing outcomes of CWU and CWD techniques in the pediatric population. Studies involving patients with congenital cholesteatoma were excluded. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS: Four reviewers working independently and in duplicate systematically reviewed and extracted study data. Dichotomous variables were analyzed as risk ratios (RR), while continuous variables were compared using weighted mean differences (MD). The risk of bias was assessed using the CLARITY Scale. PRIMARY OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The outcomes were recurrence, residual disease, air-bone gap (ABG), and air conductive (AC) thresholds. RESULTS: After screening 1036 publications, 17 retrospective cohort studies were selected. 1333 children were included; the overall mean age was ten years (SD 7.9), and the overall mean follow-up time was 5.9 years (SD 6.6). CWU and CWD techniques were performed in 60% (796) and 40% (537) cases. We did not find differences in cholesteatoma recurrence (RR: 1.50, 95% CI 0.94; 2.40; n = 544; I2 0%; Tau [2]: 0.00), or rates of residual cholesteatoma (RR 1.51, 95% CI 0.96; 2.38, n = 506; I2: 0%; Tau [2]: 0.00) in patients who underwent CWU and CWD mastoidectomy. The mean air-bone gap was lower with CWU than CWD (mean difference: 7.60, 95% CI -10.65; -4.54; n = 242; I2: 71%; Tau [2]: 5.98). CONCLUSION: and relevance: We show similar rates of recurrence and residual disease after either CWU or CWD tympanoplasty. Our results challenge the fundamental principle of CWD surgery as a standard technique, as there is no difference in rates of recurrence and residual disease in CWU and CWD. Moreover, audiometric results support CWU with improved hearing outcomes. TRIAL REGISTRATION: PROSPERO identifier: CRD42020184029.

Surgical approach for thyroglossal duct cyst cancer: a case report of challenging conventional thinking.

This article reports an older woman with a 2-year history of enlarging submental neck mass. Head and neck imaging displayed a group with a solid central component. Additionally, a fine-needle aspiration suggested neoplasia. Thyroglossal duct cyst cancer is sporadic, accounting for ˂1% of all thyroid malignancies. A Sistrunk procedure was followed by a total thyroidectomy and unilateral neck dissections. From histological and immunohistochemical examinations, the incidental finding of carcinoma indicates the diagnosis of thyroid tissue thyroglossal duct cyst carcinoma, as it is the most common site for malignancy in ectopic thyroid tissue. The patient had an excellent recovery without additional treatments after surgery.

Managing thyroid cancer in Steinert's disease: the role of radiofrequency ablation.

Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a minimally invasive, non-surgical technique used to treat benign or microcarcinoma thyroid nodules (TN) that provides an alternative for patients considered high-risk candidates for surgery. Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1), also known as Steinert's Disease, is a multisystem disorder that affects various organs and tissues, including the thyroid. In this case, we presented a male patient diagnosed with DM1 who incidentally discovered a left TN with features indicative of thyroid cancer. Due to the patient's increased surgical risk associated with DM1, we opted for RFA as the treatment approach. In the follow-up, the TN decreased by 76.92% in size. The patient's thyroid function remained standard, with no reported complications or adverse effects post-treatment.

Robotic right versus left colectomy for colorectal neoplasia: a systemic review and meta-analysis.

Previous studies comparing right and left colectomies have shown variable short-term outcomes. Despite the rapid adoption of robotics in colorectal operations, few studies have addressed outcome differences between robotic right (RRC) and left (RLC) colectomies. Therefore, we sought to compare the short-term outcomes of RRC and RLC for neoplasia. This is a systematic review and meta-analysis of articles published from the time of inception of the datasets to May 1, 2022. The electronic databases included English publications in Ovid MEDLINE In-Process and Other Non-Indexed Citations, Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid EMBASE, and Scopus. A total of 13,514 patients with colon neoplasia enrolled in 9 comparative studies were included. The overall mean age was 64.1 years (standard deviation [SD] ± 9.8), and there was a minor female predominance (52% female vs. 48% male). 8656 (64.0%) underwent RRC and 4858 (36.0%) underwent RLC. The ASA score 1 of - 2 in the LRC group was 37% vs. 21% in the R. Whereas the ASA score 3-4 was 62% in the LRC vs. 76% in RRC. Moreover, the mean of the Charlson Comorbidity Score in the LRC was 4.3 (SD 1.9) vs. 3.1 (SD 2.3) in the RRC. Meta-analysis revealed a significantly higher rate of ileus in RRC (10%) compared to RLC (7%) (OR 1.46, 95% CI 1.27-1.67). Additionally, operative time was significantly shorter by 22.6 min in RRC versus LRC (95% CI - 37.4-7.8; p < 0.001). There were no statistically significant differences between RRC and RLC in conversion to open operation, estimated blood loss, wound infection, anastomotic leak, reoperation, readmission, and hospital length of stay. In this only meta-analysis comparing RRC and LRC for colon neoplasia, we found that RRC was independently associated with a shorter operative time but increased risk of ileus.

Hidden lymphoma in the appendix: a case of primary appendiceal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma presenting as acute appendicitis.

The occurrence of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) of the appendix presenting as acute appendicitis is rare, constituting only a minuscule portion (0.015%) of gastrointestinal lymphoma cases. We present a case of a 55-year-old woman that was admitted to the emergency department with symptoms of acute appendicitis and underwent an interval laparoscopic appendectomy with a right hemicolectomy and lymph node resection. Pathological examination revealed the presence of DLBCL in the appendix. The patient is undergoing chemotherapy.

Coccidioidomycosis masquerading as thyroid nodule: a rare diagnostic challenge.

We present a compelling case of disseminated coccidioidomycosis involving the thyroid gland, a remarkably uncommon manifestation of this infection. The gravity of this sporadic disease is underscored by its high mortality rate, primarily because of challenges in timely diagnosis and treatment initiation. Accurate diagnosis hinges upon utilizing various techniques, including the culture of a fine-needle aspirate, biopsy and direct microscopy. However, the medical community is still grappling with the optimal treatment strategy, encompassing considerations such as duration and dosage of medications, which continue to be subjects of intense controversy and ongoing research. This article aims to report an older patient with the incidental diagnosis and management of Coccidioides in the thyroid.

Successful outcome of combined surgical and negative pressure therapy in complex enterocutaneous fistulas: a case report.

An enterocutaneous fistula (ECF) is a complex medical issue that occurs when abnormal communication between the small intestine and the skin occurs. This can lead to the leakage of digestive contents, such as feces and food, onto the skin's surface. The case of an 86-year-old woman is presented, who developed high-output ECF after undergoing Hartmann surgery, intestinal transit reconstruction for perforated diverticulitis and incisional hernia treatment involving hernioplasty and polypropylene mesh. The patient had suffered from a serous-purulent discharge from a low-volume surgical wound for several years. Despite optimizing the patient's nutritional status, a laparotomy and small bowel resection were performed successfully. However, using vacuum dressing as a cover for the fistula in the lower gastrointestinal tract remains a subject of debate and limited research. No officially recognized international guidelines recommend its use for small bowel ECF.

Bowel volvulus in the chest after an esophagectomy: an uncommon type IV hiatal hernia.

Transverse colon volvulus is an uncommon cause of bowel obstruction. Moreover, a thoracic herniation into the thorax is still rare. An early diagnosis and treatment are critical to the patient since they can lead to bowel infarction, peritonitis and death. We reported a 55-year-old woman admitted to the emergency department at a hospital. She presented with severe abdominal pain, mainly in the epigastrium, associated with dyspnea, nausea and vomiting. An abdominal CT scan showed a large hiatal hernia in the thorax with signs of volvulus in the involved segment.

The diagnostic dilemma: Giant Mucocele of the appendix-challenging conventional thinking.

This article reports on a 76-year-old male patient diagnosed with a mucocele of the appendix. A mucocele of the appendix is a benign fluid-filled swelling caused by the accumulation of mucus in the appendix due to a blockage in its discharge route. The patient presented with symptoms of chronic constipation and rectal tenesmus and was diagnosed through physical examination, imaging studies and laboratory tests. The patient underwent an open ileocolectomy procedure to remove the affected appendix. The results of the histopathological analysis showed a confined low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasm. The overall survival rate after surgery for mucocele of the appendix is excellent, with a low recurrence rate.

Large congenital facial teratoma.

This case report discusses a presentation of a giant facial teratoma, a rare congenital neoplasm. Head and neck locations of the tumour uncommonly distort the face and may be associated with functional problems. We present a case of teratoma arising from the right parotid extending to the extracranial regions, successfully managed by surgical resection. Reviewing this case with the supporting body of literature anticipates further investigation to address patients' needs more thoroughly.

Perforated mediastinal gastric volvulus: an uncommon complication of hiatal hernia.

A woman in her 50s was admitted to the emergency department with a 3-day history of abdominal pain, mainly in the right hypochondrium, radiating to the back, associated with postprandial vomiting and dysphagia. The abdominal ultrasound study found no abnormalities. Laboratory tests showed increased C-reactive protein levels, creatinine and high white blood cell count without a left shift. Abdominal computed tomography scan exhibited mediastinal herniation, twist and perforation of the gastric fundus associated with air-fluid levels in the lower mediastinum. The patient underwent diagnostic laparoscopy requiring laparotomy conversion due to hemodynamic instability related to the pneumoperitoneum. During the intensive care unit (ICU) stay, thoracoscopy with pulmonary decortication was performed to treat complicated pleural effusion. After ICU and standard infirmary bed recovery, the patient was discharged from the hospital. This report illustrates a case of perforated gastric volvulus as the cause of nonspecific abdominal pain.

Combination of Mustardé cheek advancement flap and paramedian forehead flap as a functional and aesthetic alternative.

Depending on the size and location, defects resulting from the surgical procedure due to basal cell carcinoma (BCC) may be challenging to reconstruct. A combination of more than one flap type might be necessary for moderate to large-sized defects, especially in face lesions. We present a patient with a large BCC in the nasal region, successfully closed using a combination of rotation and advancement flaps. The patient showed excellent functional and cosmetic outcomes.

Safe management of carotid body tumor resection without preoperative embolization: an Ecuadorian high-altitude cities experience.

Carotid body tumors (CBTs) are a neoplasm that affects the carotid glomus. This study aims to improve the management of CBTs in Ecuador. This single-center, retrospective observational study was conducted at the Instituto de la Tiroides y Enfermedades de Cabeza y Cuello (ITECC). We included adults with CBTs, between January 2019 and August 2022. A total of 15 patients with CBTs were included. All patients were females living at high altitudes (>2500 m). In the Shamblin classification, 12 tumors were type II, and 3 were type III. Complete tumor resection was performed in all patients without pre-operative embolization. All patients had benign CBTs with a mean follow-up of 17, 73 months. In a time when the medical cost is high mainly in low-income countries such as Ecuador, further investigation should be undertaken in the form of randomized prospective trials to answer who would benefit from the pre-TAE procedure.

Robotic Living Donor Right Hepatectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The introduction of robotics in living donor liver transplantation has been revolutionary. We aimed to examine the safety of robotic living donor right hepatectomy (RLDRH) compared to open (ODRH) and laparoscopic (LADRH) approaches. A systematic review was carried out in Medline and six additional databases following PRISMA guidelines. Data on morbidity, postoperative liver function, and pain in donors and recipients were extracted from studies comparing RLDRH, ODRH, and LADRH published up to September 2020; PROSPERO (CRD42020214313). Dichotomous variables were pooled as risk ratios and continuous variables as weighted mean differences. Four studies with a total of 517 patients were included. In living donors, the postoperative total bilirubin level (MD: −0.7 95%CI −1.0, −0.4), length of hospital stay (MD: −0.8 95%CI −1.4, −0.3), Clavien−Dindo complications I−II (RR: 0.5 95%CI 0.2, 0.9), and pain score at day > 3 (MD: −0.6 95%CI −1.6, 0.4) were lower following RLDRH compared to ODRH. Furthermore, the pain score at day > 3 (MD: −0.4 95%CI −0.8, −0.09) was lower after RLDRH when compared to LADRH. In recipients, the postoperative AST level was lower (MD: −0.5 95%CI −0.9, −0.1) following RLDRH compared to ODRH. Moreover, the length of stay (MD: −6.4 95%CI −11.3, −1.5) was lower after RLDRH when compared to LADRH. In summary, we identified low- to unclear-quality evidence that RLDRH seems to be safe and feasible for adult living donor liver transplantation compared to the conventional approaches. No postoperative deaths were reported.

Identification of KIT and BRAF mutations in thyroid tissue using next-generation sequencing in an Ecuadorian patient: A case report.

Background: The incidence of thyroid cancer has increased worldwide. Ecuador presents the highest incidence among Latin American countries and the second around the world. Genetic alteration is the driving force for thyroid tumorigenesis and progression. The change from valine (V) to glutamic acid (E) at codon 600 of the BRAF gene (BRAFVal600Glu) is the most commonly reported mutation in thyroid cancer. Moreover, the BRAF mutation is not the only mutation that has been correlated with TC. For instance, mutations and overexpression of the KIT gene has been associated with different types of cancer, including lung and colon cancer, and neuroblastoma. Case presentation: A woman in her early fifties, self-identified as mestizo, from Otavalo, Imbabura-Ecuador had no systemic diseases and denied allergies, but she had a family history of a benign thyroid nodule. Physical examination revealed a thyroid gland enlargement. The fine-needle aspiration biopsy indicated papillary thyroid cancer. The patient underwent a successful total thyroidectomy with an excellent recovery and no additional treatments after surgery. Using Next-Generation sequencing a heterozygous mutation in the BRAF gene, causing an amino acid change Val600Glu was identified. Similarly, in the KIT gene, a heterozygous mutation resulting in an amino acid change Leu678Phe was detected. Moreover, an ancestry analysis was performed, and the results showed 3.1% African, 20.9% European, and 76% Native American ancestry. Conclusions: This report represents the genetic characteristics of papillary thyroid cancer in an Ecuadorian woman with a mainly Native American ethnic component. Further studies of pathological variants are needed to determine if the combined demographic and molecular profiles are useful to develop targeted treatments focused on the Ecuadorian population.