[Research progress of cell therapy in hereditary pulmonary alveolar proteinosis].

Hereditary pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (hPAP) is a rare interstitial lung disease caused by mutation in CSF2RA/CSF2RB, characterized by the deposition of pulmonary surfactant due to the alveolar macrophage dysfunction. The whole lung lavage can effectively alleviate the symptoms but is associated with potential complications. Cell therapy is a novel approach with advances that provide a new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of hPAP.

[Establishment and application of animal models of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis].

Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a rare respiratory disease, but this disease has slow research progress. Animal model is an effective tool for basic research. Current PAP animal models are based on the main pathogenesis of granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulation factor (GM-CSF) signal disorder and environmental homeostasis imbalance in the alveoli. Application researches focus on the treatment strategies of PAP. The existing PAP animal models cannot fully reflect to the development of human PAP, which should be further developed and improved to provide the basis for clinical practice.

[Clinical genetic analysis and diagnosis of a family with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia].

Objective: To explore the diagnostic significance of the combination of clinical and genetic detection of hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) by analyzing the clinical and genetic diagnosis of a family with HHT. Methods: Medical history data of the probands and their family members were collected, and the sequence analyses of coding regions of ENG, ACVRL1, SMAD4 and GDF2 genes were performed by PCR-sequencing method, and a comprehensive diagnosis was made based on the clinical features and gene detection results. After the pathogenic gene variation was identified, 11 members of 3 generations of the family were tested for pathogenic gene mutation. Results: There was an ACVRL1 c.715_716delAG mutation in the proband and 9 other family members, which caused p.S239C. Based on the clinical and genetic findings, the 7 suspected were diagnosed and 2 asymptomatic patients were found to carry the mutation site. Conclusion: The combination of clinical features and gene detection can determine the etiology and classification of HHT, which is convenient for the early diagnosis and prevention of the disease.

[Self-rated health measures and their relations to all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in adults from 10 regions of China].

Objective: To examine the association between self-rated health status (SRH) and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Methods: A total of 512 713 adults aged 30-79 years from 10 areas of China were followed from baseline (2004-2008) until 31 December 2016 in the China Kadoorie Biobank study. Global and age-comparative SRH [general self-rated health status (GSRH) and age-comparative self-rated health status (ASRH), respectively] were asked in baseline questionnaires. Causes for mortality were monitored through linkage with established Disease Surveillance Point system and health insurance records. Multivariable Cox proportional regression models were used to estimate the HRs and 95%CIs for the association between SRH measures and all-cause or cardiovascular mortality. Results: During an average of 9.9 years' follow-up, 44 065 deaths were recorded, among which 17 648 were from cardiovascular disease. Compared with excellent GSRH, the HR(95%CI) for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality associated with poor GSRH was 1.84(1.78-1.91) and 1.94(1.82-2.06), respectively. Relative to better ASRH, the HR(95%CI) for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality associated with worse ASRH was 1.75(1.70-1.81) and 1.83(1.73-1.92), respectively. Conclusion: In this large prospective cohort study in China, participants reporting poor GSRH or worse ASRH had significantly higher risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.

Low levels of organic compound trace elements improve the eggshell quality, antioxidant capacity, immune function, and mineral deposition of aged laying hens.

In the egg production industry, trace elements are required as additional dietary supplements to play vital roles in performance and egg quality. Compared to inorganic microelements (ITs), appropriate dose of organic trace microelements (OTs) are environmentally friendly and sufficient to satisfy the needs of hens. In order to evaluate the extent to which low-dose OTs replace whole ITs, the effects of organic copper, zinc, manganese, and iron compound on the performance, eggshell quality, antioxidant capacity, immune function, and mineral deposition of old laying hens were investigated. A total of 1 080 57-week-old Jing Hong laying hens were assigned to five groups with six replicates of 36 layers each for an 8-week experimental period. The birds were fed either a basal diet (control treatment (CT)) or the basal diet supplemented with commercial levels of inorganic trace elements (IT 100%) or the equivalent organic trace elements at 20%, 30%, and 50% of the inorganic elements (OT 20%, OT 30%, and OT 50%, respectively). Results showed that compared with those in the CT treatment, feeding hens with inorganic or organic microelement diet had significant effects on the eggshell quality, antioxidant capacity, immune function, and mineral deposition of old laying hens (P < 0.05). The eggshell strength and ratio between OT 30%, OT 50%, and IT 100% were similar at weeks 4 and 8, and the eggshell thickness of these groups was also similar at weeks 6 and 8. At week 8, the eggshell colour in OT 50% was darker than that in IT 100%. The mineral content in the eggshells of OT 50% and IT 100% significantly increased (P < 0.001), with no significant difference in effective thickness, mammillary thickness, and mammillary knob width between groups. There were no differences in the malondialdehyde content, total antioxidant capacity, and total superoxide dismutase activity in serum between OT 30%, OT 50%, and IT100%. While the catalase activities, the interleukin-1ß, interleukin-10, immunoglobulin G, and immunoglobulin M concentrations in serum were not significantly different between OT 50% and IT 100%. The mineral contents in the faeces of the organic groups were considerably reduced compared with those in IT 100% (P < 0.001). In conclusion, dietary supplementation with 30-50% organic compound microelements has the potential to replace 100% inorganic microelements in the hen industry for improving eggshell quality, mineral deposition in the eggshell, antioxidant capacity, and immune function, and reducing emissions to the environment without negative effects on laying performance.

Dietary supplementation of methionine mitigates oxidative stress in broilers under high stocking density.

We aimed to investigate whether dietary supplementation of methionine could mitigate intestinal oxidative injury in broilers under high stocking density (HSD). In the grower phase (d 22-42), 576 broilers with similar body weight were randomly chosen and divided into 8 groups in a 2 × 4 factorial experiment. Two different stocking densities (14 and 20 broilers per m2) were tested with 4 different methionine levels: 0.35%, 0.4%, 0.45%, or 0.5%. Intestinal morphological and oxidative stress markers were assessed at the end of the test period. The results showed that mortality of broilers was significantly higher in the HSD group fed 0.35% methionine diet than the other groups, which was reversed by supplementation with 0.40% to 0.50% methionine. HSD significantly decreased feed intake and daily weight gain. HSD treatment significantly decreased T-AOC, activity of GPX (P < 0.01) and increased the level of PCO (P < 0.01), MDA (P = 0.052) of plasma. The decreased glutathione peroxidase activity in the liver and jejunum caused by HSD was alleviated by additional methionine. Supplementation of methionine increased the ration of GSH/GSSG in the plasma. The jejunum villus height and ratio of villus height to crypt depth under low stocking density conditions with 0.40% methionine diet were the highest, whereas the 0.45% methionine group was the highest under HSD conditions. Thus, additional dietary supplementation of methionine mitigates oxidative stress in broilers under HSD conditions and 0.40% to 0.45% methionine can be applied in cage rearing broiler production for amelioration of oxidative stress caused by HSD.

[Effect of serum potassium level on renal function progression in stage â ¢-â ¤ chronic kidney disease patients without dialysis].

Objective: To investigate the effect of serum potassium level and hyperkalemia on the renal function decline in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Methods: The clinical data at baseline and follow-up in stage Ⅲ-Ⅴ CKD patients without dialysis who were followed up for more than one year in Tianjin First Central Hospital from May 2015 to June 2019 and Teikyo University School of Medicine from January 2008 to July 2013 were retrospectively collected. All patients were divided into stable group (337 cases), slow progression group (337 cases) and rapid progression group (338 cases) according to the tertile of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) slope (the annual average percentage of eGFR decline). Multivariate logistic regression analysis models were used to evaluate the correlations of baseline serum potassium or time-averaged serum potassium level with CKD rapid progression. Results: Three hundred and forty-three cases from Tianjin First Central Hospital and 669 cases from Teikyo University School of Medicine were included in the study, and 635 cases (62.7%) were male. The average age was (61±14) years old and the average eGFR decline slope was 4.0%/year. The levels of baseline serum potassium and time-averaged serum potassium of patients in the slow progression group [(4.47±0.52) and (4.51±0.43) mmo/L] and rapid progression group [(4.62±0.62) and (4.76±0.48) mmo/L] were higher than those in the stable group [(4.37±0.49) and (4.38±0.37) mmo/L] (both P<0.05). Meanwhile, 24.6% (83/338) of the patients in the rapid progression group had hyperkalemia at baseline (serum potassium ≥5.0 mmol/L) and 34.9% (118/338) of the patients had time-averaged serum potassium ≥5.0 mmol/L, which were higher than those in the stable group [10.7% (36/337) and 6.5% (22/337)] (both P<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that compared with the stable group, baseline serum potassium (OR=1.843, 95%CI: 1.051-3.234) and time-averaged serum potassium (OR=2.495, 95%CI: 1.040-5.987) were correlated with the rapid progression of CKD. Time-averaged serum potassium ≥5.0 mmol/L was the independent influencing factor for rapid progression of CKD. Conclusions: During the follow-up period, the average level of serum potassium in stage Ⅲ-Ⅴ CKD patients should be controlled under 5.0 mmol/L, which may reduce the risk of rapid decline of renal function.

Development of a rinsing separation method for exosome isolation and comparison to conventional methods.

OBJECTIVE: Exosomes contain valuable biomarkers for many diseases. Tragically, standardized isolation methods and subsequent characterization criteria for exosomes remain limited. Therefore, we developed a new exosome isolation method, termed rinsing separation, and compared its advantages and weaknesses relative to the existing ultracentrifugation and ExoQuick precipitation methods. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Rinsing separation utilizes heparin and glutaraldehyde as a fixative to isolate exosomes, and was developed using the culture supernatant from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The isolated exosomes were characterized and compared by nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Western blot. RESULTS: Consistent with known exosome parameters, exosomes isolated using each method ranged in size from 30 to 150 nm and demonstrated the characteristic cup-shaped morphology. Moreover, the exosome markers CD63 and TSG101 were observed in the lysate of all exosome samples that were isolated using each method. Several advantages and drawbacks were noted for each exosome isolation method. Most notably, ultracentrifugation resulted in fewer, but highly pure, exosomes, and samples generated using the ExoQuick precipitation method contained the most contaminating debris. Samples obtained using pour rinsing separation method represented an amalgam of these two fractions, but were isolated in significantly less time. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, we propose rinsing separation as a new method of isolating exosomes. This method is convenient, and the resulting exosomes are highly pure. Moreover, rinsing separation offers time- and cost-efficiency advantages, making it a promising approach for exosome isolation for clinical applications.

Modeling of Li diffusion in nanocrystalline Li-Si anode material.

To quantify the Li diffusion behavior in nanocrystalline anode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), a hybrid model of the first principles calculation and diffusion kinetics was developed. The dependence of the Li diffusion on the electronic structure, solute concentration, grain size and temperature was described for the nanocrystalline Li-Si system. In contrast to conventional polycrystalline materials in which the activation barrier for Li diffusion decreases with the increase of concentration before amorphization, there exists a coordination effect of the solute concentration and grain size on the Li diffusion in nanocrystalline materials. A maximum diffusion coefficient can be obtained in the nanocrystalline Li-Si by a combination of the concentration and grain size, which is increased by two orders of magnitude from that in the coarse-grained counterpart. The present work advanced the understanding of the Li diffusion mechanisms during lithiation/delithiation of LIBs and may facilitate the development of nanocrystalline anode materials.

[Analysis of adverse reaction induced by articaine hydrochloride and epinephrine tartrate injection in 75 cases].

Objective: To investigate the causes and clinical manifestation of adverse reaction of articaine hydrochloride and epinephrine tartrate injection. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the adverse drug reactions (ADR) of local anesthetic articaine hydrochloride and epinephrine tartrate injection. Results: In 75 cases of adverse reactions, there were 40 cases of female and 35 cases of male. Adverse reactions occured more frequently at the age of 3-10 [33% (25/75)] and 1-10 min and one day after injection, respectively accounting for 20% (15/75), and two days, accounting for 15% (15/75), 10-21 days accounting for 8% (6/75). The main manifestations were injection site ulcers, followed by skin reactions such as pain, swelling, necrosis and pruritus at the injection site. Conclusions: The main adverse reactions of articaine hydrochloride and epinephrine tartrate injection are the injection site ulceration, followed by injection site pain, rash, pruritus and drowsiness, nausea and dizziness, palpitations, sweat and hypotension. Doctors should ask the medical history in detail and pay close attention to the patient's medication safety.

[The plasma level and gene expression in peripheral blood of interleukin-35 in patients with sarcoidosis and its clinical significance].

Objective: To investigate the expression of interleukin(IL)-35 protein and gene in peripheral blood of patients with sarcoidosis and its clinical significance. Methods: Peripheral blood samples from 98 patients with sarcoidosis and 98 healthy volunteers were collected at Peking Union Medical College Hospital between January 2016 and March 2017. The plasma levels of IL-35 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), and the relationship between IL-35 and the clinical characteristics was analyzed. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to detect the expression levels of IL-35 subunit EBI3, p35 and T regulatory cell transcription factor Foxp3 mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and their correlations were analyzed. Results: The plasma levels of IL-35 in patients with sarcoidosis (44±12) ng/L was significantly lower than that in the normal control group (55±12) ng/L (P<0.001). There was a positive correlation between the plasma levels of IL-35 and D(L)CO% predicted values (r=0.76, P<0.001), but it showed no significantly correlation with other clinical parameters. The expression of EBI3 and Foxp3 mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with sarcoidosis (1.54±0.74, 0.92±0.36) were significantly lower than those in the normal control group respectively (2.12±0.61, 1.10±0.27, all P<0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between the expression of EBI3 and Foxp3 mRNA in the sarcoidosis group (r=0.786, P<0.001). Conclusion: IL-35 may be involved in the inflammatory process of sarcoidosis and play an important role in the pathogenesis of the disease.

[Clinical and radiological features of adult patients with different antisynthetase syndrome based on serum anti-aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase antibody type].

Objective: To describe the clinical and radiological characteristics of antisynthetase syndrome associated interstitial lung disease in patients with different serum anti-aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase antibodies. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 5 adult patients with antisynthetase syndrome associated interstitial lung disease in Peking Union Medical College Hospital. Their clinical and chest radiological data were analyzed and relevant literatures were reviewed. Results: Among these 5 patients, there were 1 male and 4 females, aged from 32 y to 67 y, with a mean age of 53 y. Cough and exertional dyspnea were the main clinical complaints. Four cases showed mechanic's-like hands, and all of the 5 cases had Velcro rales in the basal lungs. None of them showed clubbing. Creatine kinase was elevated in 1 case with anti-Jo-1 synthetase antibody, and anti-nuclear antibody was positive in 4 cases, with different titers from 1∶80 to 1∶320, and anti-Ro-52 antibody was positive in 3 cases. Anti-aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase antibody spectrum analysis showed 1 case with anti-Jo-1, 1 anti-PL-7, 1 anti PL-12, 1 anti-EJ and 1 anti-OJ synthetase antibody, respectively. Chest high resolution CT showed nonspecific interstitial pneumonia pattern in 1 case, and nonspecific interstitial pneumonia pattern with organizing pneumonia pattern in 4 cases. All the cases responded to immunosuppressive therapy including corticosteroids (with starting prednisone dosage more than 1 mg·kg(-1)·d(-1)) plus azathioprine or Mycophenolate mofetil. Conclusions: Antisynthetase syndrome associated interstitial lung disease, characterized by the presence of different anti-tRNA synthetase antibodies, is an increasingly recognized clinical entity. Clinical and radiological features of different subtypes of antisynthetase syndrome are relatively heterogeneous. Nonspecific interstitial pneumonia pattern, nonspecific interstitial pneumonia pattern with organizing pneumonia pattern and organizing pneumonia pattern were common chest HRCT patterns. Prednisone plus immunosuppressive agents are the recommended first line therapy.

[Cancer-associated-fibroblasts regulate the chemoresistance of lung cancer cell line A549 via SDF-1 secretion].

Objective: To investigate whether cancer-associated- fibroblasts (CAF), the key component of tumor microenvironment, regulate the chemoresistant capacity of lung cancer cell line A549 through SDF-1 secretion. Methods: Primary cell isolation techniques was used to isolate cancer-associated-fibroblasts from lung cancer patients. MTT assay was applied to determine the proliferation and chemoresistance of A549 cells. Quantative PCR was used to detect the mRNA changes of Bcl-xL. Western blotting was used to detect the protein expression of Bcl-xL. ELISA was applied to detect the SDF-1 secretion from normal fibroblasts (NF) and CAF. Results: CAF promoted the proliferation of A549 cells, while NF had no significant effect on them. After 72 hrs incubation, the absorbance value of A549+ CAF medium group was 0.814±0.006, significantly different from the 0.753±0.006 of the A549+ NF medium group (P<0.05). The Q-PCR assay indicated that mRNA expressions of Bcl-xL in the A549 group, A549+ NF medium group and A549+ CAF medium group were 1.00±0.11, 1.10±0.09 and 3.50±0.30, respectively, showing a significant difference between the A549+ NF medium group and A549+ CAF medium group (P<0.05). The Western blot showed that protein expressions of Bcl-xL in the A549 group, A549+ NF medium group and A549+ CAF medium group were 1.00±0.08, 1.10±0.12 and 3.10±0.25, respectively, with a significant difference between the A549+ NF medium group and A549+ CAF medium group (P<0.05). The ELISA results showed that the SDF-1 concentrations in the A549+ NF medium group and A549+ CAF medium group were 3.23±0.02 and 9.53±0.10, respectively, significantly different from each other (P<0.05). The MTT assay indicated that the absorbance values of OD of A549 group, A549+ AMD3100 group, A549+ NF medium group, A549+ NF medium+ AMD3100 group, A549+ CAF medium and A549+ CA Fmedium+ AMD3100 group were 0.43±0.03, 0.25±0.02, 0.48±0.03, 0.31±0.03, 0.72±0.06 and 0.45±0.03, respectively. The data of A549+ NF medium group was significantly different from that of A549+ CAF medium group (P<0.05). Conclusions: Cancer-associated-fibroblasts enhance the drug resistance of A549 cells through SDF-1 secretion, upregulating the expression level of Bcl-xL through interaction with CXCR4. Our study not only illustrates that tumor microenvironment is able to enhance drug resistance of tumor, but also provides experimental evidence for the cancer-associated-fibroblasts as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of lung cancer.

[Coexistence of sarcoidosis and primary Sjögren syndrome: a clinical analysis and literature review].

Four patients with coexistence of sarcoidosis and primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS) were retrospectively analyzed.All patients were female, who were referred to our department mainly because of respiratory symptoms.Positive antinuclear antibody(ANA) was detected in 2 patients and anti-Sjögrens syndrome A (SSA) antibody positive in 1 patient.All patients presented specific histologic patterns of both sarcoidosis and pSS.Publications related to coexistence of these two diseases were reviewed.Forty-one patients were finally included in the analysis, among whom 37 confirmed patients were from literature search.There were 37 women and 4 men.The main clinical features presentation were xerophthalmia in 40, xerostomia in 38, hilaradenopathies in 28, interstitial lung disease in 15, respiratory symptoms in 13.The main immunologic data were positive ANA in 23, SSA antibody in 19, anti-Sjögrens syndrome B antibody in 10 and rheumatoid factor in 12.All patients presented specific histologic patterns of both diseases.Patients with both sarcoidosis and pSS of ten represent multisystemic involvement and positive immunologic parameters, as well as the dual expression of specific histologic characteristics.

[Precision medical treatment of non-adenocarcinoma NSCLC patients with EGFR mutation].

EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) treatment has been established as standard therapy for EGFR-mutated adenocarcinomas. In the studies which published prospective randomized trials comparing EGFR TKIs with chemotherapy, a very low percentage of EGFR-mutated non-adenocarcinomas was enrolled in clinical trials. The efficacy of TKIs treatment for EGFR-mutated non-adenocarcinomas and their relationship with clinicopathological characteristics remain debatable. The results of retrospective studies show that the frequency of EGFR mutation is lower in non-adenocarcinoma than that of adenocarcinoma and efficacy of TKIs treatment for non-adenocarcinoma is inferior to adenocarcinoma. Smoking status is significantly associated with the efficacy of TKIs treatment for EGFR-mutated non-adenocarcinomas. The EGFR mutation rate and efficacy of TKIs treatment in adenosquamous cell carcinoma are higher than those of squamous cell carcinoma or large cell lung carcinoma. It may be concluded that the incidence of EGFR mutations in patients with non-adenocarcinoma NSCLC from mainland China is not very low and it is reasonable that EGFR TKIs could be an option for the treatment of EGFR-mutated non-adenocarcinoma NSCLC, especially for patients with adenosquamous histology and non-smokers. It is necessary to conduct a large-sample prospective study to understand the clinicopathological characteristics of non-adenocarcinomas and to evaluate the efficacy of EGFR TKI treatment or/and chemotherapy for EGFR-mutated non-adenocarcinoma NSCLC.

Genome-wide analysis of the maize (Zea may L.) CPP-like gene family and expression profiling under abiotic stress.

Cysteine-rich polycomb-like (CPP) proteins are members of a small family of transcription factors, which have been identified and characterized in Arabidopsis, rice, and soybean. In this study, we investigated CPP-like genes in the maize genome. The results revealed 13 putative CPP-like genes, which were found to encode 17 distinct transcripts and were distributed unequally on 7 of 10 maize chromosomes. Analysis of phylogenetic relationships showed that Arabidopsis, rice, and maize CPP-like transcription factors can be grouped into two subfamilies. We also used real-time RT-PCR to evaluate changes in the transcript levels of ZmCPP genes in response to abiotic stresses (heat, cold, salt, and drought stresses). These findings provide an overview of the evolution of the ZmCPP gene family, which will aid in the functional characterization of CPP-like genes in maize growth and development.

Development of the radial neutron camera system for the HL-2A tokamak.

A new radial neutron camera system has been developed and operated recently in the HL-2A tokamak to measure the spatial and time resolved 2.5 MeV D-D fusion neutron, enhancing the understanding of the energetic-ion physics. The camera mainly consists of a multichannel collimator, liquid-scintillation detectors, shielding systems, and a data acquisition system. Measurements of the D-D fusion neutrons using the camera have been successfully performed during the 2015 HL-2A experiment campaign. The measurements show that the distribution of the fusion neutrons in the HL-2A plasma has a peaked profile, suggesting that the neutral beam injection beam ions in the plasma have a peaked distribution. It also suggests that the neutrons are primarily produced from beam-target reactions in the plasma core region. The measurement results from the neutron camera are well consistent with the results of both a standard (235)U fission chamber and NUBEAM neutron calculations. In this paper, the new radial neutron camera system on HL-2A and the first experimental results are described.

Effect of TGF-ß1/SDF-1/CXCR4 signal on BM-MSCs homing in rat heart of ischemia/perfusion injury.

OBJECTIVE: Heart ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a common cause of heart failure. However, there is no effective method to treat the disease presently. The present research was to investigate the effects of transforming growth factor-ß1 (TGF-ß1) on homing of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in heart I/R injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Effects of TGF-ß1 on the expression of CXCR4 [Chemokine (C-X-C Motif) Receptor 4] and chemotactic effect to SDF-1 (stromal cell-derived factor 1) in MSCs were investigated by in vitro transmembrane chemotaxis. Anti-TGF-ß1 was incubated with I/R injury's heart tissue of mice. In addition, effects of TGF-ß1 and anti-CXCR4 treatment using MSCs on the expression of SDF-1/CXCR4 in heart tissue and on I/R injury repair were further explored. RESULTS: CXCR4 and TGF-ß1 expression were significantly increased after TGF-ß1 treatment in MSCs; TGF-ß1 treatment increased MSCs cell migration, and anti-CXCR4 and anti-TGF-ß1 treatment blocked MSCs/TGF-ß1cell migration. Expression of TGF-ß1 in the I/R injury's myocardial tissue of mice was increased, and MSCs transplantation could enhance the protein expression of CXCR4 in the I/R injury's myocardial tissue of mice, and the expression of CXCR4 was decreased by the anti-TGF-ß1 and the anti-CXCR4 treatment. TGF-ß1 induced homing of MSCs in the repair of myocardial injury by regulating expression of CXCR4 on the cell membranes. Blue fluorescence of DAPI-positive MSCs cells of myocardial in the I/R+MSC group was enhanced significantly, which was significantly inhibited by anti-TGF-ß1 and anti-CXCR4 antibody, and the inhibitory effect of anti-CXCR4 antibody was more evident than that of anti-TGF-ß1 antibody. CONCLUSIONS: TGF-ß1 promotes homing of bone marrow (BM) MSCs in I/R injury's myocardial. The study provided useful data on the role of TGF-ß1 in regulating SDF-1/CXCR4 axis-induced MSCs homing.