Veno-venal extracorporeal membrane oxygenation to support whole-lung lavage in a severe case of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis.

We present the case of a 71-year-old woman with severe bilateral primary alveolar proteinosis admitted for bilateral whole lung lavage (WLL) with a double-lumen endotracheal tube. She had a cardiac arrest of respiratory origin during the procedure and recovered after one minute of advanced resuscitation. A second LLP was scheduled under respiratory support with veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO). During this second WLL the patient was completely VV-ECMO-dependent, and the procedure was successfully completed. She was gradually weaned over the next 48 h. The patient was finally discharged after clinical improvement and home oxygen therapy was discontinued. WLL is the treatment of choice for severe cases of alveolar proteinosis. In rare cases the intervention may be poorly tolerated due to the degree of lung involvement. This case illustrates how VV-ECMO support is an option that may benefit this subgroup of at-risk patients.

Cinética del lactato para el pronóstico en el shock cardiogénico asistido con oxigenador extracorpóreo de membrana venoarterial / Lactate levels as a prognostic predict in cardiogenic shock under venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support

Introducción y objetivos: El lactato y su evolución se asocian con el pronóstico de los pacientes en shock, si bien es escasa la evidencia en aquellos asistidos con oxigenador extracorpóreo de membrana venoarterial (ECMO-VA). Nuestro objetivo es evaluar su valor pronóstico en shock cardiogénico asistido con ECMO-VA. Métodos: Estudio de pacientes tratados con ECMO-VA por shock cardiogénico de indicación médica entre julio de 2013 y abril de 2021. Se calculó el aclaramiento de lactato: (lactato inicial − lactato 6 h) / lactato inicial × tiempo exacto entre ambas determinaciones. Resultados: De 121 pacientes, 44 (36,4%) tenían infarto agudo de miocardio; 42 (34,7%), implante intraparada; 14 (11,6%), tromboembolia pulmonar, 14 (11,6%), tormenta arrítmica y 6 (5,0%), miocarditis fulminante. A los 30 días habían fallecido 60 pacientes (49,6%); la mortalidad fue mayor con el implante intraparada que con el implante en circulación espontánea (30 [71,4%] de 42 frente a 30 [38,0%] de 79; p=0,030). Se asociaron de manera independiente con la mortalidad a 30 días la alanina aminotransferasa (ALT) antes del implante y el lactato (tanto basal como a las 6 h y el aclaramiento). Los modelos de regresión que incluían el lactato presentaron mejor capacidad predictiva de la supervivencia que las puntuaciones ENCOURAGE y ECMO-ACCEPTS, con mayor área bajo la curva ROC en el modelo con lactato a las 6 h.Conclusiones: El lactato (basal y a las 6 h y el aclaramiento) es un predictor independiente para el pronóstico de los pacientes en shock cardiogénico asistidos con ECMO-VA que facilita una mejor estratificación del riesgo y tiene una capacidad predictiva superior (AU)

Introduction and objectives: Lactate and its evolution are associated with the prognosis of patients in shock, although there is little evidence in those assisted with an extracorporeal venoarterial oxygenation membrane (VA-ECMO). Our objective was to evaluate its prognostic value in cardiogenic shock assisted with VA-ECMO. Methods: Study of patients with cardiogenic shock treated with VA-ECMO for medical indication between July 2013 and April 2021. Lactate clearance was calculated: [(initial lactate − 6 h lactate) / initial lactate × exact time between both determinations]. Results: From 121 patients, 44 had acute myocardial infarction (36.4%), 42 implant during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (34.7%), 14 pulmonary embolism (11.6%), 14 arrhythmic storm (11.6%), and 6 fulminant myocarditis (5.0%). After 30 days, 60 patients (49.6%) died, mortality was higher for implant during cardiopulmonary resuscitation than for implant in spontaneous circulation (30 of 42 [71.4%] vs 30 of 79 [38.0%], P=.030). Preimplantation GPT and lactate (both baseline, at 6hours, and clearance) were independently associated with 30-day mortality. The regression models that included lactate clearance had a better predictive capacity for survival than the ENCOURAGE and ECMO-ACCEPTS scores, with the area under the ROC curve being greater in the model with lactate at 6 h. Conclusions: Lactate (at baseline, 6h, and clearance) is an independent predictor of prognosis in patients in cardiogenic shock supported by VA-ECMO, allowing better risk stratification and predictive capacity (AU)

Tormenta arrítmica resuelta tras angioplastia y ablación bajo soporte con oxigenación de membrana extracorpórea venoarterial / Arrhythmic storm solved with ExtraCorporeal Membrane Oxygenation and consecutive percutaneous coronary intervention and ventricular tachycardia ablation

No disponible

Exercise-related severe cardiac events.

Physical activity has benefits on health. However, there is a small risk of effort-related adverse events. The aim of this study is to describe exercise-related severe cardiovascular events and to relate them with the type of sport performed. We performed a ten-year retrospective study in eight Spanish cardiac intensive care units. Adverse cardiac events were defined as acute myocardial infarction, cardiac arrest or syncope related to physical activity. From 117 patients included, 109 were male (93.2%), and mean age was 51.6 ± 12.3 years; 56 presented acute myocardial infarction without cardiac arrest (47.9%), 55 sudden cardiac death (47.0%) and six syncope (5.1%). The sports with higher number of events were cycling (33%-28.2%), marathon or similar running competitions (19%-16.2%), gymnastics (18%-15.3%) and soccer (17%-14.5%). Myocardial infarction was observed more frequently in cyclists compared to other sports (69.7% vs 39.3%, P = .001). The most common cause of sudden cardiac death was myocardial infarction in those >35 years (23%-63.9%) and idiopathic ventricular fibrillation in younger patients (5%-62.5%). Significant coronary artery disease was present in 85 (79.4%). Only one patient with cardiac arrest presented with a non-shockable rhythm (asystole). Eleven patients (9.4%) died during hospitalization; in all cases, they had presented cardiac arrest. All discharged patients were alive at the end of follow-up. Exercise-related severe cardiac events are mainly seen in men. Coronary heart disease is very frequent; about half present acute myocardial infarction and the other half cardiac arrest. In our cohort, prognosis was good in patients without cardiac arrest.

Tratamiento del infarto agudo de miocardio con ECMO: más allá del balón de contrapulsación / Treatment of acute myocardial infarction with ECMO: Beyond the intraaortic balloon pump

No disponible

The falling incidence of hematologic cancer after heart transplantation.

BACKGROUND: A number of changes in the management of heart transplantation (HT) patients have each tended to reduce the risk of post-HT hematologic cancer, but little information is available concerning the overall effect on incidence in the HT population. METHODS: Comparison of data from the Spanish Post-Heart-Transplantation Tumour Registry for the periods 1991-2000 and 2001-2010. RESULTS: The incidence among patients who underwent HT in the latter period was about half that observed in the former, with a particularly marked improvement in regard to incidence more than five yr post-HT. CONCLUSIONS: Changes in HT patient management have jointly reduced the risk of hematologic cancer in the Spanish HT population. Long-term risk appears to have benefited more than short-term risk.