Positive effects of thermosonication in Jamun fruit dairy dessert processing.

The effects of thermosonication processing (TS, 90 °C, ultrasound powers of 200, 400, and 600 W) on the quality parameters of Jamun fruit dairy dessert compared to conventional heating processing (high-temperature short time, (HTST), 90 °C/20 s) were evaluated. Microbiological inactivation and stability, rheological parameters, physical properties, volatile and fatty acid profiles, and bioactive compounds were assessed. TS provided more significant microbial inactivation (1 log CFU mL-1) and higher microbial stability during storage (21 days) than HTST, with 3, 2, and 2.8 log CFU mL-1 lower counts for yeasts and molds, aerobic mesophilic bacteria, and lactic acid bacteria, respectively. In addition, TS-treated samples showed higher anti-hypertensive (>39%), antioxidant (>33%), and anti-diabetic (>27%) activities, a higher concentration of phenolic compounds (>22%), preservation of anthocyanins, and better digestibility due to the smaller fat droplet size (observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy). Furthermore, lower TS powers (200 W) improved the fatty acid (higher monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acid contents, 52.78 and 132.24%) and volatile (higher number of terpenes, n = 5) profiles and decreased the atherogenic index. On the other hand, higher TS powers (600 W) maintained the rheological parameters of the control product and contributed more significantly to the functional properties of the products (antioxidant, anti-hypertensive, and anti-diabetic). In conclusion, TS proved to be efficient in treating Jamun fruit dairy dessert, opening space for new studies to define process parameters and expand TS application in other food matrices.

In vivo functional and health benefits of a prebiotic soursop whey beverage processed by high-intensity ultrasound: Study with healthy Wistar rats.

New technologies for food processing have been used to enhance the beneficial effects of foods. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a prebiotic soursop whey beverage processed by high-intensity ultrasound (HIUS) on healthy rats. Whey beverages were processed by HIUS (20KHz, 520 W of nominal power, <53 °C, 20.3 W of acoustic power, energy density of 2.9 kJ.cm-3 and 9.5 min to process 100 mL) and high-temperature short-time (HTST, 75 °C for 15 s) before being supplemented to Wistar rats by gavage for 15 days. Antioxidant, antidiabetic, anti-hypertensive, and anticancer activities, lipid peroxidation, bioactive peptides, and microstructure of the beverages were analyzed. In addition, the body mass, food, and water intake, systolic blood pressure, biochemical and oxidative stress parameters were measured. The sonicated beverage induced satiety, decreased glutathione peroxidase activity, total triglycerides, very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and alanine aminotransferase. These findings suggest that ultrasound technology can provide in vivo health and functional benefits.

Factores de riesgo de icuts en el area urbana del policlínico Pedro Borras Aztorgas / Risk Factors of troke in Urban areas of Pedro Borras Astorga Clinic

En este trabajo se analió a través de una encuestas los factores de riesgo en una poblacion urbana de 1330 adultos mayores de 40 años y la incidencia y prevalencia de los ictus en esta area,comparando estos factores en la poblacion sana y enferma.Por orden de la frecuencia los factores de riesgo fundamentales fueron hábito de fumar con 48,6 porciento en la poblacion general y 62.5 porciento de los que presentan algún tipo de ictus,predominando el sexo femenino y disminuyendo sus frecuencias a medida que aumenta la edad.El sedentarismo y la hipertension arterial aparecen con un 44,5 porciento y 40 porciento respectivamente,siendo más frecuente en el sexo femenino,al igual que la obesidad y otros factores,los que representan un incremento con la edad.Estos factores representaron una frecuencia significativa en el grupo de enfermos los cuales tenian una taza de incidencia de 7,5 porciento 1000 habitantes y de prevalencia y de 24 pociento 1000,muy superior a lo reportado,lo cual hace que se proyenten medidas urgentes de promocion y prevencion,haciendo hincapíe en nuestro medio tabacalero en el dañido habito de fumar y en la practica sistematica de ejercicios fisicos principalmente en la tercera edad,asi como más estríto de la hipertensíon arterial como factor desencadenante del ictus(AU)