Histiocytic sarcoma affecting the oral cavity: a clinical, pathologic and molecular study.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinicopathological, immunohistochemical and molecular features of histiocytic sarcomas affecting the oral cavity. METHODS: Pathology files of two institutions were searched for cases of histiocytic sarcoma, and new H&E-stained slides and immunohistochemistry reactions evaluated for diagnosis confirmation. Molecular screening for KRAS and PIK3CA mutations was performed through polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by Sanger sequencing. BRAFp.V600E mutation was assessed by pyrosequencing. Clinical data regarding sex, age, tumor location, systemic manifestations, clinical presentation, follow-up time, treatment applied and status at last follow-up were collected from patients' pathology and medical files. RESULTS: Three cases were retrieved during the period investigated (2000-2023). Two females and one male were affected, with a wide age range, involving the tongue, palate and gingiva. Histopathologically, the neoplasms presented as highly pleomorphic atypical cells distributed diffusely with infiltration of normal structures. All cases demonstrated histiocytic differentiation expressing CD68 and CD163, and a high Ki67 expression. Genetic mutations were evaluated in two cases. One case harboured BRAF-V600E mutation, but not in KRAS and PIK3CA, while the second case did not show mutation in BRAF-V600E, KRAS and PI3KCA. One patient was lost, and two patients died after eight and four months of follow-up. CONCLUSION: Histiocytic sarcomas involving the oral cavity are extremely rare, and may represent dissemination of a systemic condition. It has an aggressive biological behaviour with a poor overall prognosis.

Growth and Phytochemistry of Cymbopogon citratus Stapf Inoculated with Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria under Different Lead Levels.

This study aimed to investigate the phytochemistry of lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) inoculated with Azospirillum brasilense and grown in lead (Pb)-contaminated soil to assess its responses to inoculation under different Pb levels. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 2 × 5 factorial scheme: two levels of A. brasilense (absence or presence) and five Pb levels. After four months of treatment, the following were analyzed: total and reducing sugars, total phenolic content, flavonoids, antioxidant activity, antioxidant enzymes, proline, and essential oil (EO) content and composition. Soil Pb levels and A. brasilense inoculation affected phytochemicals in lemongrass plants. Azospirillum inoculation reduced total sugars in the roots at all soil Pb levels, while increasing Pb levels favored a rise in sugar contents. There was an increase in flavonoid content in treatments associated with Pb and inoculated with A. brasilense. Antioxidant capacity was lower at lower Pb levels, regardless of bacterial inoculation. Enzymatic response was mainly affected by Pb concentrations between 50 and 100 mg kg-1 soil. EO content was influenced by soil Pb levels, with higher EO production at 500 mg Pb kg-1 soil and without A. brasilense inoculation. Overall, lemongrass cultivation in Pb-contaminated areas can be an alternative to phytoremediation and EO production for the industry.

Amphotericin B-loaded natural latex dressing for treating Candida albicans wound infections using Galleria mellonella model.

Amphotericin B (AmB) is the gold standard for antifungal drugs. However, AmB systemic administration is restricted because of its side effects. Here, we report AmB loaded in natural rubber latex (NRL), a sustained delivery system with low toxicity, which stimulates angiogenesis, cell adhesion and accelerates wound healing. Physicochemical characterizations showed that AmB did not bind chemically to the polymeric matrix. Electronic and topographical images showed small crystalline aggregates from AmB crystals on the polymer surface. About 56.6% of AmB was released by the NRL in 120 h. However, 33.6% of this antifungal was delivered in the first 24 h due to the presence of AmB on the polymer surface. The biomaterial's excellent hemo- and cytocompatibility with erythrocytes and human dermal fibroblasts (HDF) confirmed its safety for dermal wound application. Antifungal assay against Candida albicans showed that AmB-NRL presented a dose-dependent behavior with an inhibition halo of 30.0 ± 1.0 mm. Galleria mellonella was employed as an in vivo model for C. albicans infection. Survival rates of 60% were observed following the injection of AmB (0.5 mg.mL-1) in G. mellonella larvae infected by C. albicans. Likewise, AmB-NRL (0.5 mg.mL-1) presented survival rates of 40%, inferring antifungal activity against fungus. Thus, NRL adequately acts as an AmB-sustained release matrix, which is an exciting approach, since this antifungal is toxic at high concentrations. Our findings suggest that AmB-NRL is an efficient, safe, and reasonably priced ($0.15) dressing for the treatment of cutaneous fungal infections.

Ensino de Comportamentos Pré-Requisito do Empatizar para Crianças Autistas: uma Revisão de Escopo / Teaching Pre-Requisite Behaviors of Empathizing for Autistic Children: a Scope Review

RESUMO: Este estudo objetivou identificar, sistematizar e avaliar quais estratégias têm sido utilizadas na Análise do Comportamento para o ensino de comportamentos pré-requisito do empatizar a crianças diagnosticadas com autismo. Para isso, realizaram-se as seguintes etapas: definição das palavras-chave e das bases de dados; estabelecimento dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão dos artigos; busca e seleção de artigos; e análise de dados que consistiu na análise da qualidade individual e geral dos artigos e na sistematização e análise de dados dos artigos (e.g., ano de publicação, procedimento empregado etc.). Foram selecionados 11 artigos para análise. Em todos os artigos, houve o ensino de uma ou mais respostas empáticas, mas apenas dois deles utilizaram a terminologia "empatia" na descrição do objetivo. A falta de consenso na definição do termo dificulta que textos sobre empatia sejam encontrados. Quanto à qualidade dos artigos recuperados, ela foi avaliada como alta. Diante da importância do tema, sugere-se que estudos futuros realizem buscas mais abrangentes sobre o ensino do empatizar para crianças com Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA).

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to identify, systematize and evaluate which strategies have been used in Behavior Analysis to teach pre-requisite behaviors for empathizing in children with autism. For this, the following steps were performed: definition of keywords and databases; establishment of inclusion and exclusion criteria for the articles; search and selection of articles; and data analysis, which consisted of analyzing the individual and general quality of the articles and systematizing and analyzing the data of the articles (e.g., year of publication, procedure used, etc.). Eleven articles were selected for analysis. All articles taught one or more empathetic responses, but only two of them used the terminology "empathy" in the objective description. The lack of consensus on the definition of the term makes it difficult to find texts on empathy. As for the quality of the retrieved articles, it was evaluated as high. Given the importance of the topic, it is suggested that future studies develop more embracing searches on teaching empathy for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD).

Comportamentos Antiesportivos e de Fair Play: Categorização dos Comportamentos dos Árbitros de Futsal / Unsportsmanlike Behaviors and Fair Play: Categorization of Futsal Referees' Behaviors

Os árbitros são agentes esportivos que contribuem para a promoção do fair play. Esse estudo tem por objetivo categorizar as classes de comportamentos que compõem a classe geral "manejar comportamentos antiesportivos e de fair play em atletas de Futsal". Empregou-se como fonte de informação o Código de Ética da Confederação Brasileira de Futsal e o Livro Nacional de Regras do Futsal. O procedimento foi composto pelas seguintes etapas: selecionar e registrar trechos das obras; identificar, destacar e registrar nos trechos selecionados as partes que contenham componentes das classes de comportamento; derivar e registrar componentes das classes de comportamentos; avaliar a linguagem dos componentes identificados; nomear as classes de comportamento; avaliar a linguagem; organizar e categorizar as classes de comportamento. Os resultados apontaram um total de 132 classes de comportamento categorizadas em: dever do árbitro e proibido ao árbitro. Descrever as classes de comportamentos aumenta a probabilidade de desenvolver intervenções mais eficientes e efetivas que capacitem os árbitros a manejarem comportamentos antiesportivos e de fair play nos jogos de futsal.

Referees are sports agents who contribute to the promotion of fair play. This study aims to categorize the classes of behaviors that make up the general class "Managing unsportsmanlike behavior and fair play in Futsal athletes". The Code of Ethics of the Brazilian Futsal Confederation and the National Futsal Norms Book were used as sources of information. The procedure consisted of the following steps: Select and record excerpts from the works; Identify, highlight and record in the selected sections the parts that contain components of the behavior classes; Derive and register components of behavior classes; Evaluate the language of the identified components; Naming the behavior classes; Assess language; Organize and Categorize Behavior Classes. The results showed a total of 132 behavior classes, which were categorized into: Referee's Duty and Referee's Prohibition. Describing behavior classes increases the likelihood of developing more efficient and effective interventions that allow referees to manage unsportsmanlike and fair play behavior in Futsal games.

Differential timing response of Herbivory-Induced Volatiles (HIPVs) in Croton floribundus Spreng. (Euphorbiaceae) / Resposta temporal diferencial de voláteis induzidos por herbivoria (HIPVs) em Croton floribundus Spreng. (Euphorbiaceae)

In this study, we demonstrated that Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae), a generalist herbivore, induces volatile organic compounds (VOC) in Croton floribundus Spreng., a pioneer species widely used in Brazilian urban area. We performed experiments to evaluate the quality and quantity of VOC emission at different times (two, six and 24 hours and within four and nine days) of infestation by T. urticae. Results show that C. floribundus emitted 23 volatiles after infestation, including monoterpene, sesquiterpene and green leaf volatiles. Significant differences were only detected between infested and non-infested plants after 24 hours of treatment, in particular methyl salicylate. In contrast, 3-hexen-1ol, linaool, geranyl acetone and caryophyllene seem to be inhibited by hourly infestation. The α-farnesene, methyl salicylate, 3-carene, 3-hexen-1ol benzoate and nerolidol were the main compounds induced after four infestation-days. This study highlights that VOCs blends in C. floribundus is depended on the feeding time-course of T. urticae and suggests that the VOC-mediated ecological interaction may be less efficient in a pioneer species.

Neste estudo foi demonstrado que o Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae), um herbívoro generalista, promove a emissão de compostos orgânicos voláteis (COV) em Croton floribundus (L.) Spreng., uma espécie pioneira amplamente utilizada na área urbana brasileira. Avaliou-se a qualidade e quantidade de emissão de COV em diferentes momentos (2, 6 e 24 horas e no intervalo de 4 e 9 dias) de infestação por T. urticae. Os resultados mostram que C. floribundus emitiu 23 voláteis após infestação, incluindo monoterpenos, sesquiterpenos e voláteis de folhas verdes. Diferenças significativas entre plantas infestadas e não infestadas foram detectadas após 24 horas de tratamento, em particular foram observadas alterações nos níveis de metil salicitato. Em contraste, o 3-hexen-1ol, linaool, geranil acetona e cariofileno parecem ter sido inibidos pela infestação horária. O α-farneseno, metil salicilato, 3-careno, benzoato de 3-hexen-1ol e nerolidol foram os principais compostos induzidos após quatro dias de infestação. Este estudo demonstra que o buquet de COVs emitido por C. floribundus depende do tempo de infestação da T. urticae e sugere que a interação ecológica mediada por COVs pode ser menos eficiente em espécie pioneira.

Deterioration of extrafloral nectaries and leaf damages caused by air pollution in a Brazilian native species from the Atlantic Forest.

In Brazil, more than 90% of steel mills are located in states that have Atlantic Forest which, together with the pollution of large urban centers, represent risk factors for the environmental quality of this important biome. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of urban and industrial air pollution in a city in Minas Gerais that has a steel mill on the symptomatology, on the leaf chemistry, and on the anatomy and micromorphology of extrafloral nectaries (EFNs) of Joannesia princeps Vell. (Euphorbiaceae), a native species of the Atlantic Forest. For 126 days, seedlings of J. princeps were exposed on stand systems in the urban and industrial area of MG (Ipatinga city), in the following places: Bom Retiro, Cariru, Cidade Nobre, and Veneza. For anatomical analysis, EFNs were collected and processed for microscopic analysis. In the southern parts of the steel mill closest to the Rio Doce State Park (RDSP) (Bom Retiro and Cariru), there was a predominance of NO, NOX, SO2 (Bom Retiro), naphthalene, benzene, and total suspended particulates (Cariru). In locations north of the steel mill (Cidade Nobre and Veneza), there was a predominance of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). In the urban environment, intense anatomical and micromorphological damage to EFNs, leaf damage, leaf metal accumulation, and alterations in the histochemical tests of the plants were observed. The interior of the RDSP presented environmental quality, but the contribution of pollutants near the border between the RDSP and the city of Ipatinga is worrying, requiring constant monitoring of this area to verify the impact and threat that pollution can cause on these Atlantic Forest remnants.

Natural Dibenzo[b,f]oxepines, Pacharin and Bauhiniastatin-1, Isolated from Bauhinia acuruana Induce Apoptosis on Breast Cancer Cells via MCL-1 Protein Reduction.

Herein, we describe the antiproliferative effects of two natural dibenzo [b,f]oxepines, pacharin and bauhiniastatin-1, isolated from Bauhinia acuruana on a breast cancer cell line and the mode of action underlying the cytotoxicity. Both compounds were cytotoxic in a panel of six tumor lines analyzed by the MTT assay, and IC50 values ranged from 7.8 to 45.1 µM, including human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cells. In contrast, none of the compounds were cytotoxic on normal human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (IC50 > 100 µM). Human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cells treated with pacharin or bauhiniastatin-1 20 µM for 24 h presented a reduction in cell volume and intensification of chromatin condensation, DNA fragmentation, and apoptotic cells. These findings became more evident after 48 h of exposure. Antiapoptotic B-cell lymphoma-2 family members, such as myeloid cell leukemia-1 and B-cell lymphoma-extra large, are important targets in cancer cells since their overexpression confers resistance to cancer treatments. A significant reduction of the myeloid cell leukemia-1 protein levels in human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cells after 24 h of treatment with pacharin or bauhiniastatin-1 at 20 µM was observed, while the B-cell lymphoma-extra large protein content was reduced in bauhiniastatin-1-treated cells at 40 µM only. The cytotoxic effects of pacharin and bauhiniastatin-1 are likely linked to myeloid cell leukemia-1 inhibition, which leads to the apoptosis of breast adenocarcinoma cells.

Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus Oviposition on the Coast of Paraná, Brazil, a Recent Area of Dengue Virus Transmission.

Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus are considered the most important vectors of arboviruses in the world. Aedes aegypti is the primary vector of dengue, urban yellow fever, chikungunya and zika in Brazil, and Ae. albopictus is considered a potential vector. Distribution patterns and the influence of climatic variables on the oviposition of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus were evaluated in Morretes, a tourist city in the coastal area of Paraná State, Brazil, which has recently been experiencing cases of dengue fever. Eggs were collected using ovitraps over a period of one year (September 2017 to September 2018) and reared from hatching until the emergence of the adults. Both Aedes species were found in anthropized areas with a high human density index. Findings suggest that the monthly average temperature (LRT = 16.65, p = 0.001) had significant positive influences on the oviposition of the Aedes species. Considering the wide distribution of DENV around the Paraná coast and the presence of Ae. albopictus alongside Ae. aegypti, studies on natural arbovirus infection patterns and seasonality are recommended in the region.

Ozone Impact on Emission of Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds in Three Tropical Tree Species From the Atlantic Forest Remnants in Southeast Brazil.

Plants emit a broad number of Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds (BVOCs) that can impact urban ozone (O3) production. Conversely, the O3 is a phytotoxic pollutant that causes unknown alterations in BVOC emissions from native plants. In this sense, here, we characterized the constitutive and O3-induced BVOCs for two (2dO3) and four (4dO3) days of exposure (O3 dose 80 ppb) and evaluated the O3 response by histochemical techniques to detect programmed cell death (PCD) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in three Brazilian native species. Croton floribundus Spreng, Astronium graveolens Jacq, and Piptadenia gonoacantha (Mart.) JF Macbr, from different groups of ecological succession (acquisitive and conservative), different carbon-saving defense strategies, and specific BVOC emissions. The three species emitted a very diverse BVOC composition: monoterpenes (MON), sesquiterpenes (SEQ), green leaf volatiles (GLV), and other compounds (OTC). C. floribundus is more acquisitive than A. graveolens. Their most representative BVOCs were methyl salicylate-MeSA (OTC), (Z) 3-hexenal, and (E)-2-hexenal (GLV), γ-elemene and (-)-ß-bourbonene (SEQ) ß-phellandrene and D-limonene (MON), while in A. graveolens were nonanal and decanal (OTC), and α-pinene (MON). Piptadenia gonoachanta is more conservative, and the BVOC blend was limited to MeSA (OTC), (E)-2-hexenal (GLV), and ß-Phellandrene (MON). The O3 affected BVOCs and histochemical traits of the three species in different ways. Croton floribundus was the most O3 tolerant species and considered as an SEQ emitter. It efficiently reacted to O3 stress after 2dO3, verified by a high alteration of BVOC emission, the emergence of the compounds such as α-Ionone and trans-ß-Ionone, and the absence of H2O2 detection. On the contrary, A. graveolens, a MON-emitter, was affected by 2dO3 and 4dO3, showing increasing emissions of α-pinene and ß-myrcene, (MON), γ-muurolene and ß-cadinene (SEQ) and H2O2 accumulation. Piptadenia gonoachanta was the most sensitive and did not respond to BVOCs emission, but PCD and H2O2 were highly evidenced. Our results indicate that the BVOC blend emission, combined with histochemical observations, is a powerful tool to confirm the species' tolerance to O3. Furthermore, our findings suggest that BVOC emission is a trade-off associated with different resource strategies of species indicated by the changes in the quality and quantity of BVOC emission for each species.

Unraveling the Genetic Architecture of Hepatoblastoma Risk: Birth Defects and Increased Burden of Germline Damaging Variants in Gastrointestinal/Renal Cancer Predisposition and DNA Repair Genes.

The ultrarare hepatoblastoma (HB) is the most common pediatric liver cancer. HB risk is related to a few rare syndromes, and the molecular bases remain elusive for most cases. We investigated the burden of rare damaging germline variants in 30 Brazilian patients with HB and the presence of additional clinical signs. A high frequency of prematurity (20%) and birth defects (37%), especially craniofacial (17%, including craniosynostosis) and kidney (7%) anomalies, was observed. Putative pathogenic or likely pathogenic monoallelic germline variants mapped to 10 cancer predisposition genes (CPGs: APC, CHEK2, DROSHA, ERCC5, FAH, MSH2, MUTYH, RPS19, TGFBR2 and VHL) were detected in 33% of the patients, only 40% of them with a family history of cancer. These findings showed a predominance of CPGs with a known link to gastrointestinal/colorectal and renal cancer risk. A remarkable feature was an enrichment of rare damaging variants affecting different classes of DNA repair genes, particularly those known as Fanconi anemia genes. Moreover, several potentially deleterious variants mapped to genes impacting liver functions were disclosed. To our knowledge, this is the largest assessment of rare germline variants in HB patients to date, contributing to elucidate the genetic architecture of HB risk.

Rice (Oryza sativa) Bran and Soybean (Glycine max) Meal: Unconventional Supplements in the Mead Production.

Research background: Due to the lack of nitrogen in honey, fermentation of honey must is limited or delayed, in addition to stimulating the production of unpleasant sensory compounds, such as sulfur derivatives. The use of natural supplements has been investigated as low-cost alternatives mainly to correct the nutritional deficiency of nitrogen in honey must in mead production. Experimental approach: Initially, the physicochemical characterization of the rice bran and soybean meal extracts was carried out. The fermentation of three yeasts (Saccharomyces bayanus Premier Blanc, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Montrachet and Saccharomyces cerevisiae Safbrew T-58) in honey must supplemented with 30 g/L rice bran or soybean meal extracts was evaluated. The trials were compared with the fermentations of the must with commercial supplement (30 g/L) and the control trials. Fermentations were carried out in Erlenmeyer flasks containing honey must with supplements, inoculated with 106 cell/mL yeast and incubated at 30 °C for 264 h. Results and conclusions: There was significant difference in the evaluated properties of the extracts, with the exception of reducing sugars. The fermentations with soybean meal extract reached the highest cell concentrations, as well as the largest consumption of glucose, fructose and ethanol. The glycerol concentrations slightly increased when soybean meal extract and commercial supplement were used. The highest concentrations of succinic and acetic acids were registered in the control trials produced by Saccharomyces strains Premier Blanc, Montrachet and Safbrew T-58. Formic and lactic acids were not produced. Results showed that the extracts can be used as low-cost alternatives for correcting the nutritional deficiency of nitrogen in honey must since their effect was similar to that of synthetic supplement. Novelty and scientific contribution: The use of low-cost, unconventional supplements such as those used in this work, in addition to reducing the cost of the process by reducing fermentation time and providing nutrients needed to improve yeast metabolism, prevents the formation of undesirable compounds in the beverage due to prolonged fermentation time. It also makes it possible to add value to industrial by-products. Unconventional supplements have still been little tested in mead production.

Isoprene in urban Atlantic forests: Variability, origin, and implications on the air quality of a subtropical megacity.

Biosphere-atmosphere interactions play a key role in urban chemistry because of biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC) emissions. Of the BVOC, isoprene is the most emitted compound; however, it also has anthropogenic origins in urban areas. In this study, we aimed to investigate the spatio-temporal variability and atmospheric impacts of biogenic and anthropogenic isoprene in the subtropical megacity of São Paulo (MASP), Brazil. Several measurement campaigns were conducted in three different urban Atlantic forests (Matão, PEFI, and RMG), and an urban background site (IAG); this equated to a total of 268 samples for the 2018-2019 period. For all sampling points, daytime average concentrations of isoprene were two to three times higher during the rainy season (IAG: 1.75 ± 0.93 ppb; Matão: 0.87 ± 0.35 ppb; PEFI: 0.50 ± 0.30 ppb; RMG: 0.37 ± 0.18 ppb), than those observed during the dry season (IAG: 0.46 ± 0.24 ppb; Matão: 0.31 ± 0.17 ppb; PEFI: 0.17 ± 0.11 ppb; RMG: 0.11 ± 0.07 ppb). Average isoprene concentrations were similar to those observed in other places worldwide, with the exception of the Amazon forest. Our results indicate differences in isoprene concentrations between sites, suggesting that environmental conditions such as the urban heat island and vegetation types, may play a role in spatial variability. Estimates of the isoprene fraction indicated that the biogenic fraction (85%) surpassed the anthropogenic fraction during the rainy season. By contrast, the anthropogenic fraction (52%) exceeded the biogenic fraction during dry periods. These fractions have an impact on potentially forming secondary pollutants gaseous (ozone formation potential: 7.19-33.32 µg m-3), and aerosols (secondary organic aerosols formation potential: 0.41-1.88 µg m-3). These results highlight the role of biogenic isoprene and its potential impact on urban air quality in subtropical megacities; this requires further investigation under future climate change scenarios.

Outcomes of Orthotopic Heart Transplantation in the Setting of Acute Kidney Injury and Renal Replacement Therapy.

OBJECTIVE: Heart transplantation in the setting of renal insufficiency is controversial. The objective of this study was to perform a descriptive analysis of patients who underwent orthotopic heart transplantation and renal replacement therapy (RRT) due to acute kidney injury (AKI). DESIGN: An observational cohort study with retrospective data collection. SETTING: A tertiary care hospital. PARTICIPANTS: Fifty-one patients underwent orthotopic heart transplantation with cardiogenic shock under inotrope dependence, with nine patients having preoperative RRT and 42 patients not having preoperative RRT. INTERVENTIONS: There were no interventions. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Hospital mortality occurred in eight (15.6%) patients. Although there were no significant differences between the study groups (preoperative RRT 33.3% v controls 11.9%, p = 0.1), this study was underpowered to detect differences in mortality. Dialysis also was required in 52.4% of patients who were not on preoperative RRT. All survivors had full recovery of kidney function with similar timing after transplant (18.5 days v 15 days, p = 0.75). Actuarial survival was 82.4%, 76.5%, and 66.5% at six months, one year, and five years, respectively. A cold ischemic time greater than 180 minutes (hazard ratio [HR] 4.37 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.51-12.6; p = 0.006) and pretransplant RRT (HR = 7.19 95% CI 1.13-45.7; p = 0.04) were independent predictors of long-term mortality. CONCLUSIONS: In a health system with limited funding and availability of mechanical circulatory support, heart transplantation in the setting of AKI, RRT, and low Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support profile was associated with important hospital mortality. Among hospital survivors, however, all patients had full renal recovery and by 25 months there was no difference in mortality between those who required preoperative RRT and those who did not.

Estratégias cuidativas humanitude com idosos em portugal durante a pandemia de covid-19 / Estrategias humanizadas de cuidado de ancianos en portugal durante la pandemia de covid-19 resumen / Humanitude care strategies with older adults in portugal during the covid-19 pandemic

RESUMO Objetivo: Conhecer estratégias autocuidativas e de cuidado com idosos adotadas por profissionais de saúde portugueses qualificados em Metodologia de Cuidado Humanitude durante a pandemia de covid-19. Método: Estudo exploratório, descritivo, qualitativo, com 08 profissionais da saúde formados em Metodologia do Cuidado Humanitude que atendem idosos em Portugal. Utilizou-se entrevista semiestruturada individual, por videoconferência, e os dados foram submetidos a análise de conteúdo de Bardin. Pesquisa aprovada por CEP. Resultados: A Metodologia do Cuidado Humanitude (MCH) favoreceu o cuidado espiritual a partir de seu repertório de técnicas relacionais/de comunicação. A espiritualidade apareceu centralmente como vital para superar a crise planetária de covid-19. A comunicação não verbal ganhou destaque na conjuntura de máscaras faciais. Conclusão: A MCH favoreceu o cuidado complexo, ampliado, criativo, solidário, amoroso e centrado nas singularidades dos idosos, indicando um caminho transformador para o campo da saúde para superar biologicismos e tecnicismos, sobretudo em contexto de pandemia.

Resumen Objetivo: conocer estrategias de autocuidados y de cuidado con ancianos adoptadas por profesionales de salud portugueses calificados en Metodología de Cuidado Humanizado durante la pandemia de covid-19. Método: estudio exploratorio, descriptivo, cualitativo, con 08 profesionales de la salud formados en Metodología del Cuidado Humanizado que atienden ancianos en Portugal. Se utilizó entrevista semiestructurada individual, por videoconferencia, y los datos fueron sometidos al análisis de contenido de Bardin. Investigación aprobada por el Comité de Ética en Investigación. Resultados: la Metodología del Cuidado Humanizado (MCH) favoreció el cuidado espiritual a partir de su repertorio de técnicas relacionales/de comunicación. La espiritualidad apareció centralmente como vital para superar la crisis planetaria de covid-19. La comunicación no verbal se destacó en la coyuntura de máscaras faciales. Conclusión: la MCH favoreció el cuidado complejo, ampliado, creativo, solidario, amoroso y centrado en las singularidades de los ancianos, indicando un camino transformador para el campo de la salud para superar biologicismos y tecnicismos, sobre todo en contexto de pandemia.

ABSTRACT Objective: To know the strategies of self-care and care for older adults adopted by Portuguese health professionals qualified in Humanitude Care Methodology during the covid-19 pandemic. Method: Exploratory, descriptive, qualitative study of eight health professionals trained in Humanitude Care Methodology who care for older adults in Portugal. An individual semi-structured interview by videoconference was used. Bardin content analysis was adopted in data analysis. Study approved by the Research Ethics Committee. Results: The Humanitude Care Methodology favored spiritual care based on its repertoire of relational/communication techniques. Spirituality emerged centrally as vital to overcome the planetary crisis of covid-19. Non-verbal communication gained prominence in the context of face masks. Conclusion: The Humanitude Care Methodology favored complex, broad, creative, supportive, loving care, centered on the singularities of older adults, indicating a transformative path for the health field in order to overcome biologicisms and technicalities, especially within the pandemic context.

Por trás dos sorrisos: sofrimento moral na oferta do cuidado oncológico / Detrás de las sonrisas: sufrimiento moral en la prestación de atenciónoncológica / Behind the smiles: moral suffering in the provision of cancer care

Objective: to understand the moral experience of a nursing team that does not take care of cancerpatients. Method: Qualitative study, based on a non-referential basis of Medical Anthropology, whichrecognizes the human being as being aware of their thoughts and practices, as well as understanding thatthe problems that permeate health emerge from the interaction of two cultural and social factors,environmental, political and economic contexts. Research was carried out in the Oncology Unit of areference hospital that does not treat people with cancer in Brazil. To select two intentionally occurring,non-probabilistic participants. An analysis was an issue. Results: As a research, it is possible to affirmthat you are professionals in cancer care because you have a philosophy of differentiated care, a bondwith the patient and a feeling of relief related to moral growth. Conclusion: Based on two identifiedresults, it is considered that nurses who practice cancer care live with moral and cultural issues thatinvolve the care of cancer patients, generating moral support associated with personal, cultural andinstitutional values, according to the participants identified. (AU)

Objetivo: comprender la experiencia moral de un equipo de enfermería que no atiende a pacientescon cáncer. Método: Estudio cualitativo, basado en una base no referencial de la Antropología Médica,que reconoce al ser humano como consciente de sus pensamientos y prácticas, así como comprender quelos problemas que permean la salud surgen de la interacción de dos factores culturales y sociales. ,contextos ambientales, políticos y económicos. La investigación se realizó en la Unidad de Oncología deun hospital de referencia que no atiende a personas con cáncer en Brasil. Seleccionar dos participantes noprobabilísticos que ocurran intencionalmente. Un análisis fue un problema. Resultados: Comoinvestigación, es posible afirmar que son profesionales en la atención del cáncer porque tienen unafilosofía de atención diferenciada, un vínculo con el paciente y un sentimiento de alivio relacionado conel crecimiento moral. Conclusión: A partir de dos resultados identificados, se considera que losenfermeros que practican el cuidado del cáncer conviven con cuestiones morales y culturales queinvolucran el cuidado del paciente con cáncer, generando un apoyo moral asociado a valores personales,culturales e institucionales, según los participantes identificados. (AU)

Objetivo: compreender a experiência moral de uma equipe de enfermagem no cuidado aopaciente oncológico. Método: Estudo qualitativo, com base no referencial da Antropologia Médica, quereconhece o ser humano como um ser consciente de seus pensamentos e práticas, assim compreende-seque os problemas que permeiam a saúde emergem da interação dos contextos culturais, sociais,ambientais, políticos e econômicos. A pesquisa foi realizada na Unidade Oncológica de um hospitalreferência no tratamento a pessoas com câncer no sul do Brasil. A seleção dos participantes ocorreu demodo intencional, não probabilístico. A análise foi a temática indutiva. Resultado: Com a pesquisa épossível afirmar que os profissionais do cuidado oncológico apresentaram uma filosofia do cuidadodiferenciado, um vínculo com os pacientes e sentimento de sofrimento relacionados ao julgamento moral.Conclusão: A partir dos resultados identificados considera-se que o enfermeiro que pratica cuidadosoncológicos lida com questões morais e culturais que envolvem o cuidado ao paciente oncológico, gerando um sofrimento moral associado a valores pessoais, culturais e institucionais como os identificados nas participantes. (AU)

Behaviour and animal welfare indicators of broiler chickens housed in an enriched environment.

The present study aimed to assess the influence of adding straw bales, step platforms, and laser projectors as environmental enrichment resources on the behaviour and welfare indicators of broiler chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus). A sample of 4,000 day-old male Cobb® 500 birds was used. The experimental treatments consisted of No Environmental Enrichment (NEE)-similar to a conventional environment; and Environmental Enrichment (EE)-environment enriched with straw bales, step platforms, and laser projectors, with four replicates per treatment of 500 animals. Behavioural characteristics (ethological observation through cameras, grab test, and modified touch test) and animal welfare indicators (pododermatitis and dorsal cranial myopathy) were assessed. The birds submitted to the EE treatment exhibited greater exploratory activity and expression of behaviours associated with comfort and welfare, whereas those in the NEE group were less active. Locomotion and play fighting behaviour decreased and behaviours associated with comfort increased as age advanced. The frequencies of interaction with laser spots and birds lying around straw bales were the highest in the 1st week (P<0.01). The behaviours of pecking at straw bales (P<0.0004), using the step platforms (P = 0.0001) and being on top of straw bales (P<0.0002) gradually increased. The chickens accessed the feeding troughs the most in the period of 0800 hours (P<0.0001) and expressed the highest frequencies of behaviours associated with comfort in the 1400 hours and 1700 hours periods. The birds in the EE group were calmer in face of human presence and touch and scored higher in animal welfare indicators. Adding straw bales, step platforms, and laser projectors increased locomotion, reduced expression of fear, and improved animal welfare indicators of broiler chickens.

Burnout syndrome in intensive care unit nurses during the COVID 19 pandemic.

The aim of this study was to review the scientific literature on burnout syndrome among intensive care unit nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. This narrative review considered publications on the current pandemic, as well as studies on worker health and burnout, focusing on intensive care unit nurses. The literature was organized into two thematic categories: (1) emotional distress in the daily work of intensive care unit nurses; (2) preventing burnout in these professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic. Although the literature on burnout is expressive, there is a need to transmit data produced during the pandemic and follow these professionals longitudinally, which could lead to the development of specific prevention and health promotion strategies. Changes in the emotional and working conditions of these professionals must become a permanent part of worker health research and practice, rather than a temporary measure during the pandemic.

Produção de materiais psicoeducativos a gestores da saúde para intervenção na pandemia da Covid-19 / Production of materials to for health managers for intervention in the Covid-19 pandemic

Intervenção psicológica é uma condição fundamental de saúde pública para superar a pandemia do Coronavirus Disease 2019. Profissionais da saúde e gestores, que estão na linha de frente no combate a essa doença, lidam diariamente com medo, ansiedade e estresse. Este relato de experiência descreve o processo de elaboração de um material psicoeducativo para gestores, a fim de orientá-los no manejo das variáveis ambientais que possam afetar a saúde mental dos trabalhadores sob sua responsabilidade. O material foi elaborado por docentes e discentes de Psicologia da Universidade Estadual de Londrina e colaboradores do projeto "Suporte Covid-19: atendimento aos profissionais e pacientes do Hospital Universitário". Os conteúdos foram ela-borados com base em documentos específicos sobre como atuar em situação de estresse, desenvolvidos pela Fundação Oswaldo Cruz e Sociedade Brasileira de Psicologia. O material produzido foi disponibilizado on-line e por meio de cartazes fixados no hospital. (AU)

Psychological intervention is a fundamental public health condition to overcome the Coronavirus Disease 2019 pandemic. Health professionals and managers, who are at the forefront in combating this disease, deal with fear, anxiety and stress on a daily basis. This experience report describes the process of preparing psychoeducational material for managers, in order to guide them in the management of environmental variables that may affect the mental health of the workers under their responsibility. The material was prepared by professors and students of Psychology at the State University of Londrina and collaborators in the project "Support Covid-19: care for professionals and patients at the University Hospital. The contents were prepared based on specific documents on how to act in a stressful situation, developed by the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation and the Brazilian Psychological Society. The material produced was made available online and through posters posted at the hospital. (AU)

Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds Emission of Brazilian Atlantic Tree Grown Under Elevated Ozone in Ambient Controlled and Field Conditions.

Croton floribundus (L.) Spreng trees were exposed to accumulated ozone (O3) levels under laboratory and field conditions and monitored the foliar visible symptoms and BVOC emissions. Plants exposed to O3 in the laboratory presented more substantial damage and significant increase in the BVOC emissions than plants in the field. Caryophyllene and 3-hexen-1-ol emissions were significantly increased in plants exposed to O3 in the laboratory. Under field conditions, methyl salicylate (MeSA) was the majority compound emitted. A positive correlation among the meteorological conditions, O3 and MeSA emission was observed in the field conditions, which may represent a mechanism of tolerance by C. floribundus to deal with long-term exposure to O3.